FİTOPATOLOJİ LABORATUVARINDA STERİLİZASYON VE DEZENFEKSİYON YÖNTEMLERİ

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 129 - 138, 01.03.2015

Ümit Özyılmaz

Öz

Sterilizasyon ve dezenfeksiyon işlemi tüm mikrobiyolojik çalışmaların temelini oluşturmaktadır. Fitopatoloji
laboratuvarında, bu işlemlerden özellikle fungal ve bakteriyel etmenlerin bitkiden izolasyonu, çoğaltılması, saf
kültürlerinin elde edilmesi, tanılanması ve diğer bütün testlerde ön koşul olarak yararlanılmaktadır. Gerek yanlış
sterilizasyon yönteminin seçilmesi, gerekse uygun koşulların elde edilememesinden dolayı sterilizasyon
amacına ulaşamamakta ve bazen de bu durumun farkına bile varılamamaktadır. Hatta insan sağlığı açısından risk
de oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle sterilizasyonun amacına ulaşılabilmesi için doğru yöntemin ve doğru koşulların
uygulanması son derece önemlidir. Sterilizasyon amacıyla kullanılan en yaygın yöntemler; kuru ve nemli yüksek
sıcaklıklar, UV ışınlar ve bazı kimyasallardır. Bu çalışmada, malzemelerin veya maddelerin doğru yöntemler ve
koşullar altında sterilize edilmesi, uygulamaların insana olabilecek zararları da göz önünde tutularak
derlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

otoklav, UV, filtrasyon, kontaminasyon, dekontaminasyon

Sterilization and Disinfection Methods in Phytopathology Laboratory

Öz

Sterilization and disinfection processes are fundamental to all microbiological studies. In Phytopathology
laboratories, Isolating microorganisms especially fungal or bacterial pathogens in plants, obtaining pure cultures,
growing and identification of them and carrying out all other tests are based on these methods. Selecting wrong
sterilization methods and applying inappropriate conditions are hard to achieved success, in some cases this
situation is even noticed. In fact constitutes a risk to human health as well. Therefore, in order to reach success,
chosen the right method and right condition are extremely important. In sterilization, dry and wet high
temperatures, UV rays and some chemicals are the most widely used methods for this purpose. In this study, right
methods and conditions for sterilization of materials are reviewed while consider its probable health risk to
human.

Anahtar Kelimeler

autoclave, UV, filtration, contamination, decontamination

Kaynakça

• Adetunji J (2008) Man dies after inhaling fungal spores from garden compost. Theguardian 12 Haziran.
• Alef K, Nannipleri P (1995) Methods in Applied Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. Academic Press.
• Anonim (2005) Sterilization of Plastics. Zeus Industrial P r o d u c t s , I n c . h t t p : / / w w w. t h o m a s n e t . c o m /pdf.php?prid=101488 (Son erişim 28 Aralık 2014).
• Anonim (2007) Bunsen Burner Basics. Flinn Scientific, Inc Publication No 10512. http://www.flinnsci.com/media /565420/sf10512.pdf (Son erişim 12 Aralık 2014).
• Anonim (2010) Nucleic Acid Decontamination with The ExitusPlus Technology. AppliChem, Apllications No:1. https://www.applichem.com/fileadmin /Application_Notes/ AppliCations_No1_DNA- ExitusPlus1_en.pdf (Son erişim 30 Aralık 2014).
• Anonim (2014a) Plastic Packaging Resins. American Chemistry Council. http://plastics.americanchemistry. com/Education-Resources/Plastics-101/Plastics- Resin-Codes-PDF.pdf (Son erişim 9 Aralık 2014).
• Anonim (2014b) Technical Information - Plasticware, Physical properties and chemical resistance of plastics. Scilabware. http://www.scilabware.com/Downloads/ #Technical (Son erişim 9 Aralık 2014).
• A n o n i m ( 2 0 1 5 a ) P o l y ( m e t h y l m e t h a c r y l a t e ) . h t t p : / / e n . w i k i p e d i a . o r g / w i k i / P o l y (methyl_methacrylate) (Son erişim 9 Şubat 2015).
• Anonim (2015b) Important Informations about UVC- Lamps. ZED Ziegler Electronic Devices GmbH. http://www.z-e-d.com/documents/ls/Generals_UV- Lamps_2011.pdf (Son erişim 9 Şubat 2015).
• Anonim (2015c) UVC/T-M-AR, DNA/RNA UV-cleaner b o x . B i o s a n S I A . h t t p : / / b i o s a n . l v / e n / products/katalog/biosafety-equipment/uvct-m-ar.pdf (Son erişim 9 Şubat 2015).
• Anonim (2015d) Properties of PYREX®, PYREXPLUS® and Low Actinic PYREX Code 7740 Glasses. Quartz National Scientific Company. http://www.quartz.com /pxprop.pdf (Son erişim 9 Şubat 2015).
• Barampuram S, Allen G, Krasnyanski S (2014) Effect of various sterilization procedures on the in vitro germination of cotton seeds. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 118(1): 179–185.
• Bolton J, Cotton C (2008) Ultraviolet Disinfection Handbook. American Waterworks Association.
• Bonne N, Clark P, Shearer P, Raidal S (2008) Elimination of false-positive polymerase chain reaction results resulting from hole punch carryover contamination. Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc 20(1): 60–63.
• Burgener J (2006) Position Paper on the Use of Ultraviolet Lights in Biological Safety Cabinets. Applied Biosafety 11(4): 228–230.
• Caretta G (1992) Epidemiology of allergic disease: the fungi. Aerobiologia 8(3): 439–445.
• Chen YC, Peters N, Schneemann GA, Wruck N, Renz U, Mansour MS (1996) The detailed flame structure of highly stretched turbulent premixed methane-air flames. Combustion and Flame 107(3): 223–244.
• Dietz E, Badavinac R (2001) Safety standards and infection control for dental hygienists. Delmar Cengage Learning.
• Elhafi G, Naylor CJ, Savage CE, Jones RC (2004) Microwave or autoclave treatments destroy the infectivity of infectious bronchitis virus and avian pneumovirus but allow detection by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Avian pathology : journal of the WVPA 33(3): 303–306.
• Faust CB (1997) Modern Chemical Techniques: An Essential Reference for Students and Teachers, 3rd ed. Royal Society of Chemistry.
• Gefrides LA, Powell MC, Donley MA, Kahn R (2010) UV irradiation and autoclave treatment for elimination of contaminating DNA from laboratory consumables. Forensic Science International: Genetics 4(2): 89–94.
• Giri CC, Giri A (2007) Plant Biotechnology: Practical Manual. I K International Publishing House.
• Gottschalk C, Libra JA, Saupe A (2010) Ozonation of Water and Waste Water, 2nd ed. Wiley-VCH.
• Jensen WB (2005) The Origin of the Bunsen Burner. Journal of Chemical Education 82(4): 518.
• Katara G, Hemvani N, Chitnis S, Chitnis V, Chitnis DS (2008) Surface disinfection by exposure to germicidal UV light. Indian journal of medical microbiology 26(3): 241–242.
• Klement Z, Rudolph K, Sands DC (1990) Methods in phytobacteriology. Akademiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.
• Latgé JP (1999) Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis. Clinical microbiology reviews 12(2): 310–50.
• Laverde S, Moncada LH, Restrepo A, Vera CL (1973) Mycotic keratitis; 5 cases caused by unusual fungi. Medical Mycology 11(2): 119–123.
• McDonnell GE (2007) Antisepsis, disinfection, and sterilization : types, action, and resistance. ASM Press, Washington, D.C.
• Meechan P, Wilson C (2006) Use of ultraviolet lights in biological safety cabinets: A contrarian view. Applied Biosafety 11(4): 222–227.
• Morgan AP (1941) Simple Chemical Experiments. D. Appleton-Century.
• Mukherjee KL (2010) Medical Laboratory Technology Vol 1. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
• Nordlund TM (2011) Quantitative Understanding of Biosystems: An Introduction to Biophysics. CRC Press.
• O'Donnell C, Tiwari B, Cullen PJ, Rice RG (2012) Ozone in Food Processing. Wiley-Blackwell.
• Prince AM, Andrus L (1992) PCR: How to kill unwanted DNA. BioTechniques 12(3): 358–60.
• Razavi darbar S, Lakzian A (2007) Evaluation of chemical and biological consequences of soil sterilization methods. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 5(2): 87–91.
• Rutala W, Weber D, HICPAC (2008) Guideline for Disinfection and Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Healtcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, Atlanta, USA.
• Schmitt D (2007) Nucleic Acid Isolation and Purification 3rd edition. Roche Diagnostics GmbH Roche Applied Science 68298 Mannheim Germany.
• Shurtleff MC, Averre CW (1997) The plant disease clinic and field diagnosis of abiotic diseases. St. Paul, Minn: APS Press.
• Simmers L, Simmers K, Simmers S (2008) Workbook to Accompany Diversified Health Occupations, 7th ed. Cengage Learning.
• Stein PD, Folkens AT, Hruska KA (1970) Saccharomyces fungemia. Chest 58(2): 173–175.
• Tonnesen HH (2004) Photostability of Drugs and Drug Formulations, 2nd ed. CRC Press LLC.
• Trevors JT (1996) Sterilization and inhibition of microbial activity in soil. Journal of Microbiological Methods 26(1-2): 53–59. Sorumlu Yazar Ümit ÖZYILMAZ [e-mail]
• Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi,
• Ziraat Fakültesi, Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Çakmar-AYDIN Geliş Tarihi Kabul Tarihi : 01.06.2015