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Gebelik ve Göz

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 31.03.2016

Öz

Göz kararmaları gebelikte yaygın olarak görülür. Gebeliğin göze etkileri fizyolojik, patolojik ya da önceden var olmuş modifikasyonlar olabilir. Tanımlanan değişikliklerin çoğu doğal olarak ortaya çıkarken genelde geçicidir fakat diğerleri doğumdan sonrasına aktarılarak kalıcı görme bozukluğuna neden olabilir. Ayrıca gebelik ya gebeliğin kendine özgü sistemik hastalıklar veya gebelik ile ilişkili daha sık meydana gelen sistemik hastalıklar aracılığıyla görüşü etkileyebilir. Nöro-oftalmolojik bozukluklar gebe kadınlarda görsel netlik ya da görsel alan kaybı ile başvurduklarında akılda bulundurulmalıdır. Bu bağlamda gebelik planlaması yapan kadınlara danışma ve tavsiye verme için gebelikteki oküler değişikliklerinin farkında olmak çok büyük önem arz etmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Paramjyothi P, Lakshmi ANR, Surekha D. Physiological changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancy. J Clin Diagn Res. 2011;5:1043-5.
  • Zafar D, Ali Z, Arif AS. IOP and fundus changes in pregnancy. Ophthalmology Update. 2014;12:18- 21.
  • Samra KA. The eye and visual system in pregnancy,what to expect? an in-depth review. Oman J Ophthalmol. 2013;6:87-91.
  • Ebeigbe JA, Ebeigbe PN, Ighoroje A. Ocular changes in pregnant Nigerian women. Niger J Clin Pract. 2012;15:298-301.
  • Garg P, Aggarwal P. Ocular changes in pregnancy. Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2012;4:150-61.
  • Sharma S, Wuntakal R, Anand A, Sharma TK, Downey G. Pregnancy and the eye. Obstetrician Gynaecologist. 2006;8:141–6.
  • Millodot M. The influence of pregnancy on the sensitivity of the cornea. Br J Ophthalmol. 1977;61: 646-9.
  • Shetty R, D’Souza S, Kankariya VP, Srivastava S, Vasavada V, Wadia K. neurologic disorder masquerading as postpregnancy progression of keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis. 2012;1:205-8.
  • Hafezi F, Koller T, Derhartunian V, Seiler T. Pregnancy may trigger late onset of keratectasia after LASIK. J Refract Surg. 2012;28:242-3.
  • Glicéria J, Valbon BF, Santos RT, Ambrósio R Jr . Pregnancy-induced progression of keratoconus in a 37-year-old patient. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis. 2013;2:84-8.
  • Gatzioufas Z, Thanos S. Acute keratoconus induced by hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy. J. Endocrinol Invest. 2008;31:262-6.
  • Bhatia J, Sadiq MN, Chaudhary TA, Bhatia A. Eye changes and risk of ocular medications during pregnancy and their management. Pak J Ophthalmol. 2007;23.
  • Nohara M, Norose K, Segawa K. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease during pregnancy. Br J Ophthalmol. 1995;79:94-5.
  • Loukovaara S, Harju M, Kaaja R, Immonen I. Retinal capillary blood flow in diabetic and nondiabetic women during pregnancy and postpartum period. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44:1486–91.
  • Rahman I, Saleemi G ,Semple D, Stanga P. Pre-eclampsia resulting in central retinal vein occlusion. Eye. 2006;20:951–5.
  • Karki P, Malla P, Das H, Uprety DK. Association between pregnancy-induced hypertensive fundus changes and fetal outcomes. Nepal J Ophtalmol. 2010;2:26-30.
  • Jyotsana, Sharma AK, Bhatt S. Reversible blindness in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. JK Science. 2004;6:43-5.
  • Rishi K, Puri M. Reversible blindness in severe pre eclampsia .Webmed Central Ophthalmology. 2012;3:WMC003302.
  • Reddy SC ,Sivalingam N, Sheila Rani KG, Who TS. Fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012;5:694-7.
  • Ghaem-Maghami S, Cook H, Bird A, Williams D. High myopia and pre-eclampsia: a blinding combination. BJOG. 2006;113:608–9.
  • Swende TZ, Abwa T. Reversible blindness in fulminating preeclampsia. Ann Afr Med. 2009;8:189- 91.
  • Shah N, Naik R, Gandhi J, Saswade M. Bilateral serous retinal detachment due to HELLP syndrome. Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2013;1:85-7.
  • Do Prado RS, Figueiredo EL, Barros Magalhães TV. Retinal detachment in preeclampsia. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2002;79:185-6.
  • Kim JE, Park KD, Oh JY, Kim JH, Kwon YJ, Kim YJ et al. Clinicoradiologic findings and prognosis of cortical blindness. J Korean Neurol Assoc. 2002; 20 :359-64.
  • Uddhav P, Mahendra G. Two cases of visual impairment associated with preeclampsia. J Obstet Gynecol India. 2010;60:73-4.
  • Tung CF, Peng YC, Chen GH, Chow WK, Yang DY, Hu WH. Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome with acute cortical blindness. Chin Med J (Taipei). 2001;64:482-5.
  • Tsironi E, Gatselis N, Kotoula MG, Zachou K, Pefkianaki M , Zacharakiet F et al . Ocular disorders as the prevailing manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome: a case series. Cases Journal. 2009;2:159.
  • Cruysberg JR, Deutman AF. Visual disturbances during pregnancy caused by central serous choroidopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 1982;66:240-1.
  • Demir M, Oba E, Can E, Odabasi M, Tiryaki S, Ozdal E et al. Foveal and parafoveal retinal thickness in healthy pregnant women in their last trimester. Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:1397-400.
  • Garweg JC, Scherrer J, Wallon M, Kodjikian L, Peyron F. Reactivation of ocular toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. BJOG. 2005;112:241–2.
  • Anastasilakis K, Symeonidis C , Kaprinis K, Mataftsi A, Tzamalis A, Dimitrakos SA. Peripapillary neovascular membrane in a young pregnant woman and prompt response to ranibizumab injections following uneventful delivery. Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2011;2:129–33.
  • Kristjansdottir HL , Bodvarsdottir SP, Sigurjonsdottir HA.Sheehan’s syndrome in modern times: a nationwide retrospective study in Iceland. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;164:349–54.
  • Alkali NH, Daif A, Dorasanamma M, Almoallem MA. Prognosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Saudi Arabia. Ann Afr Med. 2011;10:314-5.
  • Ghali AA, Seidy EE, Hussein TR, Mostfa M. idiopathic intracranial hypertension in pregnant women. Egypt J Neurol Psychiat Neurosurg. 2009; 46:141-50.
  • Fraser C, Plant GT .The syndrome of pseudotumour cerebri and idiopathic intracranial hypertension .Curr Opin Neurology. 2011;24:12–17.
  • Worrell J, Lane S. Impact of pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) in pregnancy: a case report. AANA Journal. 2007;75:199-204.
  • Lazarus JH. Thyroid function in pregnancy. Br Med Bull. 2011;97:137–48.
  • Chaudhry SA, Vignarajah B, Koren G. Myasthenia gravis during pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 2012;58:1346-9.
  • Correspondence Address / Yazışma Adresi Anubhav Chauhan
  • Pine Castle, Near Mist Chamber
  • Khalini,Shimla 171002,
  • Himachal Pradesh ,India.
  • e-mail: chauhan.anubhav2@gmail.com
  • Geliş tarihi/Received: 01.04.2015
  • Kabul tarihi/Accepted: 29.04.2015

Pregnancy and Eye

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 1 - 13, 31.03.2016

Öz

Visual obscurations are common during pregnancy. The ocular effects of pregnancy may be physiological,pathological or may be modifications of pre-existing conditions. While most of the described changes are transient in nature, others extend beyond delivery and may lead to permanent visual impairment. Also, pregnancy can affect vision through systemic disease that are either specific to the pregnancy itself  or systemic diseases that occur more frequently in relation to pregnancy. Neuro-ophthalmological disorders  should be kept in mind in pregnant women presenting with visual acuity or field loss. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the ocular changes in pregnancy in order to counsel and advice women who currently are, or are planning to become pregnant.

Kaynakça

  • Paramjyothi P, Lakshmi ANR, Surekha D. Physiological changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancy. J Clin Diagn Res. 2011;5:1043-5.
  • Zafar D, Ali Z, Arif AS. IOP and fundus changes in pregnancy. Ophthalmology Update. 2014;12:18- 21.
  • Samra KA. The eye and visual system in pregnancy,what to expect? an in-depth review. Oman J Ophthalmol. 2013;6:87-91.
  • Ebeigbe JA, Ebeigbe PN, Ighoroje A. Ocular changes in pregnant Nigerian women. Niger J Clin Pract. 2012;15:298-301.
  • Garg P, Aggarwal P. Ocular changes in pregnancy. Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2012;4:150-61.
  • Sharma S, Wuntakal R, Anand A, Sharma TK, Downey G. Pregnancy and the eye. Obstetrician Gynaecologist. 2006;8:141–6.
  • Millodot M. The influence of pregnancy on the sensitivity of the cornea. Br J Ophthalmol. 1977;61: 646-9.
  • Shetty R, D’Souza S, Kankariya VP, Srivastava S, Vasavada V, Wadia K. neurologic disorder masquerading as postpregnancy progression of keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis. 2012;1:205-8.
  • Hafezi F, Koller T, Derhartunian V, Seiler T. Pregnancy may trigger late onset of keratectasia after LASIK. J Refract Surg. 2012;28:242-3.
  • Glicéria J, Valbon BF, Santos RT, Ambrósio R Jr . Pregnancy-induced progression of keratoconus in a 37-year-old patient. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis. 2013;2:84-8.
  • Gatzioufas Z, Thanos S. Acute keratoconus induced by hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy. J. Endocrinol Invest. 2008;31:262-6.
  • Bhatia J, Sadiq MN, Chaudhary TA, Bhatia A. Eye changes and risk of ocular medications during pregnancy and their management. Pak J Ophthalmol. 2007;23.
  • Nohara M, Norose K, Segawa K. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease during pregnancy. Br J Ophthalmol. 1995;79:94-5.
  • Loukovaara S, Harju M, Kaaja R, Immonen I. Retinal capillary blood flow in diabetic and nondiabetic women during pregnancy and postpartum period. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44:1486–91.
  • Rahman I, Saleemi G ,Semple D, Stanga P. Pre-eclampsia resulting in central retinal vein occlusion. Eye. 2006;20:951–5.
  • Karki P, Malla P, Das H, Uprety DK. Association between pregnancy-induced hypertensive fundus changes and fetal outcomes. Nepal J Ophtalmol. 2010;2:26-30.
  • Jyotsana, Sharma AK, Bhatt S. Reversible blindness in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. JK Science. 2004;6:43-5.
  • Rishi K, Puri M. Reversible blindness in severe pre eclampsia .Webmed Central Ophthalmology. 2012;3:WMC003302.
  • Reddy SC ,Sivalingam N, Sheila Rani KG, Who TS. Fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012;5:694-7.
  • Ghaem-Maghami S, Cook H, Bird A, Williams D. High myopia and pre-eclampsia: a blinding combination. BJOG. 2006;113:608–9.
  • Swende TZ, Abwa T. Reversible blindness in fulminating preeclampsia. Ann Afr Med. 2009;8:189- 91.
  • Shah N, Naik R, Gandhi J, Saswade M. Bilateral serous retinal detachment due to HELLP syndrome. Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports. 2013;1:85-7.
  • Do Prado RS, Figueiredo EL, Barros Magalhães TV. Retinal detachment in preeclampsia. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2002;79:185-6.
  • Kim JE, Park KD, Oh JY, Kim JH, Kwon YJ, Kim YJ et al. Clinicoradiologic findings and prognosis of cortical blindness. J Korean Neurol Assoc. 2002; 20 :359-64.
  • Uddhav P, Mahendra G. Two cases of visual impairment associated with preeclampsia. J Obstet Gynecol India. 2010;60:73-4.
  • Tung CF, Peng YC, Chen GH, Chow WK, Yang DY, Hu WH. Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome with acute cortical blindness. Chin Med J (Taipei). 2001;64:482-5.
  • Tsironi E, Gatselis N, Kotoula MG, Zachou K, Pefkianaki M , Zacharakiet F et al . Ocular disorders as the prevailing manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome: a case series. Cases Journal. 2009;2:159.
  • Cruysberg JR, Deutman AF. Visual disturbances during pregnancy caused by central serous choroidopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 1982;66:240-1.
  • Demir M, Oba E, Can E, Odabasi M, Tiryaki S, Ozdal E et al. Foveal and parafoveal retinal thickness in healthy pregnant women in their last trimester. Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:1397-400.
  • Garweg JC, Scherrer J, Wallon M, Kodjikian L, Peyron F. Reactivation of ocular toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. BJOG. 2005;112:241–2.
  • Anastasilakis K, Symeonidis C , Kaprinis K, Mataftsi A, Tzamalis A, Dimitrakos SA. Peripapillary neovascular membrane in a young pregnant woman and prompt response to ranibizumab injections following uneventful delivery. Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2011;2:129–33.
  • Kristjansdottir HL , Bodvarsdottir SP, Sigurjonsdottir HA.Sheehan’s syndrome in modern times: a nationwide retrospective study in Iceland. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;164:349–54.
  • Alkali NH, Daif A, Dorasanamma M, Almoallem MA. Prognosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Saudi Arabia. Ann Afr Med. 2011;10:314-5.
  • Ghali AA, Seidy EE, Hussein TR, Mostfa M. idiopathic intracranial hypertension in pregnant women. Egypt J Neurol Psychiat Neurosurg. 2009; 46:141-50.
  • Fraser C, Plant GT .The syndrome of pseudotumour cerebri and idiopathic intracranial hypertension .Curr Opin Neurology. 2011;24:12–17.
  • Worrell J, Lane S. Impact of pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) in pregnancy: a case report. AANA Journal. 2007;75:199-204.
  • Lazarus JH. Thyroid function in pregnancy. Br Med Bull. 2011;97:137–48.
  • Chaudhry SA, Vignarajah B, Koren G. Myasthenia gravis during pregnancy. Can Fam Physician. 2012;58:1346-9.
  • Correspondence Address / Yazışma Adresi Anubhav Chauhan
  • Pine Castle, Near Mist Chamber
  • Khalini,Shimla 171002,
  • Himachal Pradesh ,India.
  • e-mail: chauhan.anubhav2@gmail.com
  • Geliş tarihi/Received: 01.04.2015
  • Kabul tarihi/Accepted: 29.04.2015
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Anubhav Chauhan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Chauhan A. Pregnancy and Eye. aktd. Şubat 2016;25(1):1-13. doi:10.17827/aktd.80328