Gen Teknolojisi ve Bitkilerde Genetik Transformasyon Yöntemleri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 377 - 392, 31.08.2017

Tuğçe Kalefetoğlu Macar Oksal Macar Emine Yalçın Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu

Öz

Genetik mühendisliği uygulamaları tarla bitkilerinin modern moleküler ıslahında önemli biyoteknolojik araçlar haline gelmiştir. 1990lardan itibaren, bitki hücrelerine yabancı DNA’yı aktarmak için çeşitli yeni ve etkili genetik transformasyon yöntemleri geliştirilmiştir. Yaygın gen aktarma metodları genellikle doğrudan ve dolaylı transformasyon diye ayrılmaktadır. Her tekniğin belli avantajları ve dezavantajları olsa da, günümüzde transgenik bitkilerin üretimi birçok bitki türü için rutin bir süreç haline gelmiştir. Yine de, tekrarlanabilir bir transformasyon metodu elde edebilmek için ihmal edilmemesi gereken birçok önemli etken vardır. Bu çalışma transgen teknolojisini kısaca gözden geçirmeyi ve bitki genetik transformasyonu için günümüzde kullanılmakta olan metodları yeniden derlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bitki, Biyoteknoloji, GDO, Gen Teknolojisi, Transformasyon, Transgenik

Kaynakça

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