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Effects of Diatomaceous Earth on the Mortality and Progeny Production of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 85 - 94, 05.06.2011

Öz

Laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the insecticidal effect of the diatomaceous earth (DE)
formulation Insecto® against adult stage of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) at two levels of relative humidity i.e. 40 and
55%, and three exposure periods of 7, 14, and 21 days. Test insects were placed in vials containing 40 g of soft
winter wheat mixed with 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 g kg-1 DE. After respective exposure periods, mortality in
all dose rates except 0.25 and 0.50 g kg-1 was found to be significantly different from mortality in control. After
each exposure interval, dead and live insects were counted and removed, and then the vial containing wheat was
returned to corresponding humidity chamber for 8 weeks until F1 adults emerged. For F1 production, applications at
all dose rates were significantly different from control group. Mortality regardless of dosage for 7, 14 and 21 days
exposure intervals were between 27.67– 33.40 %. Despite the fact that mortality increased with the increasing dose
rate, total mortality was not obtained even at the highest rate of DE. F1 production decreased with the increasing
dose rates for both r.h. conditions. Containment of population was achieved at 1.50 g kg-1 of DE for 7 days of
exposure period and at 2.00 g kg-1 of DE for 14 and 21 days of exposure periods. For each exposure intervals, F1
production of R. dominica decreased with the increasing dose rates of DE. Mortality regardless of exposure interval
was 59% at 1.50 g kg-1 of DE and 75% at 2.00 g kg-1 of DE. 

Kaynakça

  • Aldryhim Y N (1990). Efficacy of the amorphous silica dust, Dryacide, against Tribolium confusum Duv. and Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae and Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Product Research 26(4): 207-210
  • Aldryhim Y N (1993). Combination of classes of wheat and environmental factors affecting the efficacy of amorphous silica dust, Dryacide, against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). Journal of Stored Product Research 29(3): 271-275
  • Arthur F H (1996). Grain protectants: current status and prospects for the future. Journal of Stored Product Research 32(4): 293–302
  • Arthur F H (2000). Toxicity of diatomaceous earth to red four beetles and confused four beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): effects of temperature and relative humidity. Journal of Economic Entomology 93(2): 526–532
  • Arthur F H (2002). Survival of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) on wheat treated with diatomaceous earth: impact of biological and environmental parameters on product efficacy. Journal of Stored Product Research 38(3): 305–313
  • Arthur F H (2004). Evaluation of methoprene alone and in combination with diatomaceous earth to control Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) on stored wheat. Journal of Stored Product Research 40(5): 485–498
  • Arthur F H & Throne J E (2003). Efficacy of diatomaceous earth to control internal infestations of rice weevil and maize weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96(2): 510-518
  • Athanassiou C G, Kavallieratos N G, Tsaganou F C, Vayias B J, Dimizas C B & Buchelos C Th (2003). Effect of grain type on the insecticidal efficacy of SilicoSec® against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Crop Protection 22(10): 1141-1147
  • Athanassiou C G, Kavallieratos N G, Vayias B J & Panoussakis E C (2008). Influence of grain type on the susceptibility of different Sitophilus oryzae (L.) populations, obtained from different rearing media, to three diatomaceous earth formulations. Journal of Stored Product Research 44(3): 279–284
  • Banks J H & Fields P (1995). Physical methods for insect control in stored-grain ecosystems. In: Jayas D S, White N D G & Muir W E (Eds.), StoredGrain Ecosystems, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, pp. 353-409
  • Desmarchelier J M & Dines J C (1987). Dryacide treatment of stored wheat: its efficacy against insects, and after processing. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27(2): 309-312
  • Ferizli A G & Beris G (2005). Mortality and F1 progeny of the lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica (F.)) on wheat treated with diatomaceous earth: Effects of dose, exposure interval and relative humidity. Pest Management Science 61(11):1103– 1109
  • Fields P & Korunic Z (2000). The effect of grain moisture content and temperature on the efficacy of diatomaceous earths from different geographical locations against stored-product beetles. Journal of Stored Product Research 36(1): 1–13 Fields P, Allen S, Korunic Z, McLaughlin A & Stathers T (2003). Standardized testing for diatomaceous
  • earth. In: Proceedings 8th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 779-784, Wallingford, United Kingdom
  • Greenspan L (1977). Humidity fixed points of binary saturated aqueous solutions. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards - A. Physics and Chemistry 81A: 89–96
  • Kavallieratos N G, Athanassiou C G, Pashalidou F G, Andris N S & Tomanovic Z (2005). Influence of grain type on the insecticidal efficacy of two diatomaceous earth formulations against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae). Pest Management Science 61(7): 660–666
  • Korunic Z, Cenkowski S & Fields P (1998). Grain bulk density as affected by diatomaceous earth and application method. Postharvest Biology and Technology 13(1): 81–89
  • LeOra Software (2003). PoloPlus, version 1.0: probit and logit analysis user’s guide. LeOra Software, Berkeley, CA, USA
  • McLaughlin A (1994). Laboratory trials on desiccant dust insecticides. In: Proceedings 6th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 638-645, Canberra, Australia
  • Mohan S & Fields P G (2002). A simple technique to assess compounds that are repellent or attractive to stored-product insects. Journal of Stored Product Research 38(1): 23–31
  • Mühle J, Huang J, Weiss R F, Prinn R G, Miller B R, Salameh P K, Harth C M, Fraser P J, Porter L W, Greally B R, O’Doherty S & Simmonds P G (2009). Sulfuryl fluoride in the global atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 114, D05306, doi:10.1029/2008JD011162
  • Potter C (1935). The biology and distribution of Rhyzopertha dominica (FAB.) Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 83: 449-482 Quarles W (1992). Diatomaceous earth for pest control. IPM Practitioner XIV: 1-11
  • Özer M (1957). Türkiye’de Depo, Ambar ve Silolarda Muhtelif Hububat Taneleri Un ve Mamulleri ile Kuru Meyvelerde ve Tütünlerde Zarar Yapan Böcek Türlerinin Morfolojileri, Kısa Biyolojileri ve Yayılışları Üzerine Araştırmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakülltesi Yayınları: 125, A. Ü. Basımevi, 136, Ankara
  • SAS Institute (1987). SAS/STAT Guide for personal computers, version 6 edition, SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA
  • Sokal R R & Rohlf F J (1995). Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. WH Freeman and Co, New York Stathers T E, Mvumi B M & Golob P (2002a). Field assessment of the efficacy and persistence of diatomaceous earths in protecting stored grain on small-scale farms in Zimbabwe. Crop Protection 21(10): 1033-1048
  • Stathers T E, Mvumi B M & Golob P (2002b). Can diatomaceous earths have an integrated role in small-scale tropical grain storage? In: Proceedings of the Conference of the IOBC/ WPRS Working Group Integrated Protection of Stored Products, Lisbon, IOBC Bulletin 25(3): 231-237, 2-5
  • September, Portugal Stathers T E, Denniff M & Golob P (2004). The efficacy and persistence of diatomaceous earth admixed with commodity against four tropical stored product beetle pests. Journal of Stored Product Research 40(1): 113-123
  • Subramanyam Bh & Hagstrum D W (1995). Resistance measurement and management. In: Subramanyam Bh & Hagstrum D W (Eds.), Integrated Management of Insects in Stored Products, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, pp. 331-397
  • Subramanyam Bh, Madamanchi N & Norwood S (1998). Effectiveness of Insecto® applied to shelled maize against stored-product insect larvae. Journal of Economic Entomology 91(1): 280-286
  • Subramanyam Bh & Roesli R (2000). Inert dusts. In: Subramanyam Bh & Hagstrum D W (Eds.), Alternatives to Pesticides in Stored-Product IPM, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp. 321–379 Vardeman E A, Campbell J F, Arthur F H & Nechols J
  • R (2007). Behavior of female Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in a monolayer of wheat treated with diatomaceous earth. Journal of Stored Product Research 43(3): 297-301
  • Vayias B J & Athanassiou C G (2004). Factors affecting the insecticidal efficacy of the diatomaceous earth formulation SilicoSec against adult and larvae of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera:
  • Tenebrionidae). Crop Protection 23(7): 565-573 Vayias B J, Athanassiou C G, Kavallieratos N G,
  • Tsesmeli C D & Buchelos C Th (2006). Persistence and efficacy of two diatomaceous earth formulations and a mixture of diatomaceous earth with natural pyrethrum against Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on wheat and maize. Pest Management Science 62(5): 456–464
  • White G D, Berndt W L, Schesser J H & Fifield, C C (1966). Evaluation of inert dusts for the protection of stored wheat in Kansas from insect attack. Agricultural Research Service, USDA, ARS-51-8, pp. 21
  • Zettler J L & Arthur F H (2000). Chemical control of stored product insects with fumigants and residual treatments. Crop Protection 19(8-10): 577-582

Diyatom Toprağının Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)’nın Ölüm ve Yavru Verimi Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 85 - 94, 05.06.2011

Öz

Bu araştırmada diyatom toprağı olarak Insecto®’nun Rhyzopertha dominica (F.)’nın ergin evresine öldürücü etkisi %40 ve %55 orantılı nem koşullarında 7, 14 ve 21 günlük üç farklı uygulama süresinde etkinliği belirlenmiştir. Ergin böcekler içerisinde 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 ve 2.00 g kg-1 dozda Insecto® karıştırılmış 40 g yumuşak kışlık buğday bulunan kaplara bırakılmıştır. Üç farklı uygulama süresinde belirlenen ölümler (0.25 ve 0.50 g kg-1’daki hariç) kontrol grubunda belirlenen ölüm düzeyinden önemli düzeyde farklı bulunmuştur. Her bir uygulama süresi sonunda, ölü ve canlı böcekler sayılmış ve kaptan uzaklaştırılmış; ardından buğday tekrar kaba alınarak deneme süresince tutulduğu nem kabinine alınmış ve burada F1 erginleri çıkıncaya kadar 8 hafta tutulmuştur. F1 verimi uygulanan tüm dozlarda kontroldekinden önemli düzeyde farklı bulunmuştur. Doz dikkate alınmaksızın ölümler 7, 14 ve 21 günlük uygulamada %27.67– 33.40 arasında olmuştur. Ölümler artan doz oranı ile birlikte artmış olmasına rağmen, mutlak ölüm en yüksek dozda da gerçekleşmemiştir. F1 verimi her iki nem koşulunda da artan doz ile birlikte azalmıştır. Özet olarak, Insecto® uygulaması F1 veriminde düşüşe neden olmuş ve popülasyon 7 günlük uygulamada 1.50 g kg-1 ve 14 ve 21 günlük uygulamada ise 2.00 g kg-1 diyatom toprağı dozunda sabit düzeyde kalmıştır. Süre dikkate alınmaksızın ölümler 1.50 g kg-1 dozunda %59 ve 2.00 g kg-1 dozunda ise %75 düzeyinde gerçekleşmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aldryhim Y N (1990). Efficacy of the amorphous silica dust, Dryacide, against Tribolium confusum Duv. and Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae and Curculionidae). Journal of Stored Product Research 26(4): 207-210
  • Aldryhim Y N (1993). Combination of classes of wheat and environmental factors affecting the efficacy of amorphous silica dust, Dryacide, against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.). Journal of Stored Product Research 29(3): 271-275
  • Arthur F H (1996). Grain protectants: current status and prospects for the future. Journal of Stored Product Research 32(4): 293–302
  • Arthur F H (2000). Toxicity of diatomaceous earth to red four beetles and confused four beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): effects of temperature and relative humidity. Journal of Economic Entomology 93(2): 526–532
  • Arthur F H (2002). Survival of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) on wheat treated with diatomaceous earth: impact of biological and environmental parameters on product efficacy. Journal of Stored Product Research 38(3): 305–313
  • Arthur F H (2004). Evaluation of methoprene alone and in combination with diatomaceous earth to control Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) on stored wheat. Journal of Stored Product Research 40(5): 485–498
  • Arthur F H & Throne J E (2003). Efficacy of diatomaceous earth to control internal infestations of rice weevil and maize weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96(2): 510-518
  • Athanassiou C G, Kavallieratos N G, Tsaganou F C, Vayias B J, Dimizas C B & Buchelos C Th (2003). Effect of grain type on the insecticidal efficacy of SilicoSec® against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Crop Protection 22(10): 1141-1147
  • Athanassiou C G, Kavallieratos N G, Vayias B J & Panoussakis E C (2008). Influence of grain type on the susceptibility of different Sitophilus oryzae (L.) populations, obtained from different rearing media, to three diatomaceous earth formulations. Journal of Stored Product Research 44(3): 279–284
  • Banks J H & Fields P (1995). Physical methods for insect control in stored-grain ecosystems. In: Jayas D S, White N D G & Muir W E (Eds.), StoredGrain Ecosystems, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, pp. 353-409
  • Desmarchelier J M & Dines J C (1987). Dryacide treatment of stored wheat: its efficacy against insects, and after processing. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27(2): 309-312
  • Ferizli A G & Beris G (2005). Mortality and F1 progeny of the lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica (F.)) on wheat treated with diatomaceous earth: Effects of dose, exposure interval and relative humidity. Pest Management Science 61(11):1103– 1109
  • Fields P & Korunic Z (2000). The effect of grain moisture content and temperature on the efficacy of diatomaceous earths from different geographical locations against stored-product beetles. Journal of Stored Product Research 36(1): 1–13 Fields P, Allen S, Korunic Z, McLaughlin A & Stathers T (2003). Standardized testing for diatomaceous
  • earth. In: Proceedings 8th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 779-784, Wallingford, United Kingdom
  • Greenspan L (1977). Humidity fixed points of binary saturated aqueous solutions. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards - A. Physics and Chemistry 81A: 89–96
  • Kavallieratos N G, Athanassiou C G, Pashalidou F G, Andris N S & Tomanovic Z (2005). Influence of grain type on the insecticidal efficacy of two diatomaceous earth formulations against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae). Pest Management Science 61(7): 660–666
  • Korunic Z, Cenkowski S & Fields P (1998). Grain bulk density as affected by diatomaceous earth and application method. Postharvest Biology and Technology 13(1): 81–89
  • LeOra Software (2003). PoloPlus, version 1.0: probit and logit analysis user’s guide. LeOra Software, Berkeley, CA, USA
  • McLaughlin A (1994). Laboratory trials on desiccant dust insecticides. In: Proceedings 6th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, 638-645, Canberra, Australia
  • Mohan S & Fields P G (2002). A simple technique to assess compounds that are repellent or attractive to stored-product insects. Journal of Stored Product Research 38(1): 23–31
  • Mühle J, Huang J, Weiss R F, Prinn R G, Miller B R, Salameh P K, Harth C M, Fraser P J, Porter L W, Greally B R, O’Doherty S & Simmonds P G (2009). Sulfuryl fluoride in the global atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 114, D05306, doi:10.1029/2008JD011162
  • Potter C (1935). The biology and distribution of Rhyzopertha dominica (FAB.) Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 83: 449-482 Quarles W (1992). Diatomaceous earth for pest control. IPM Practitioner XIV: 1-11
  • Özer M (1957). Türkiye’de Depo, Ambar ve Silolarda Muhtelif Hububat Taneleri Un ve Mamulleri ile Kuru Meyvelerde ve Tütünlerde Zarar Yapan Böcek Türlerinin Morfolojileri, Kısa Biyolojileri ve Yayılışları Üzerine Araştırmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakülltesi Yayınları: 125, A. Ü. Basımevi, 136, Ankara
  • SAS Institute (1987). SAS/STAT Guide for personal computers, version 6 edition, SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA
  • Sokal R R & Rohlf F J (1995). Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. WH Freeman and Co, New York Stathers T E, Mvumi B M & Golob P (2002a). Field assessment of the efficacy and persistence of diatomaceous earths in protecting stored grain on small-scale farms in Zimbabwe. Crop Protection 21(10): 1033-1048
  • Stathers T E, Mvumi B M & Golob P (2002b). Can diatomaceous earths have an integrated role in small-scale tropical grain storage? In: Proceedings of the Conference of the IOBC/ WPRS Working Group Integrated Protection of Stored Products, Lisbon, IOBC Bulletin 25(3): 231-237, 2-5
  • September, Portugal Stathers T E, Denniff M & Golob P (2004). The efficacy and persistence of diatomaceous earth admixed with commodity against four tropical stored product beetle pests. Journal of Stored Product Research 40(1): 113-123
  • Subramanyam Bh & Hagstrum D W (1995). Resistance measurement and management. In: Subramanyam Bh & Hagstrum D W (Eds.), Integrated Management of Insects in Stored Products, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, pp. 331-397
  • Subramanyam Bh, Madamanchi N & Norwood S (1998). Effectiveness of Insecto® applied to shelled maize against stored-product insect larvae. Journal of Economic Entomology 91(1): 280-286
  • Subramanyam Bh & Roesli R (2000). Inert dusts. In: Subramanyam Bh & Hagstrum D W (Eds.), Alternatives to Pesticides in Stored-Product IPM, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp. 321–379 Vardeman E A, Campbell J F, Arthur F H & Nechols J
  • R (2007). Behavior of female Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in a monolayer of wheat treated with diatomaceous earth. Journal of Stored Product Research 43(3): 297-301
  • Vayias B J & Athanassiou C G (2004). Factors affecting the insecticidal efficacy of the diatomaceous earth formulation SilicoSec against adult and larvae of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera:
  • Tenebrionidae). Crop Protection 23(7): 565-573 Vayias B J, Athanassiou C G, Kavallieratos N G,
  • Tsesmeli C D & Buchelos C Th (2006). Persistence and efficacy of two diatomaceous earth formulations and a mixture of diatomaceous earth with natural pyrethrum against Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on wheat and maize. Pest Management Science 62(5): 456–464
  • White G D, Berndt W L, Schesser J H & Fifield, C C (1966). Evaluation of inert dusts for the protection of stored wheat in Kansas from insect attack. Agricultural Research Service, USDA, ARS-51-8, pp. 21
  • Zettler J L & Arthur F H (2000). Chemical control of stored product insects with fumigants and residual treatments. Crop Protection 19(8-10): 577-582
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ahmet Ferizli

Gülay Beriş Bu kişi benim

Mevlüt Emekçi

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Haziran 2011
Gönderilme Tarihi 13 Mayıs 2011
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2011 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ferizli, A., Beriş, G., & Emekçi, M. (2011). Effects of Diatomaceous Earth on the Mortality and Progeny Production of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae). Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17(2), 85-94.

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