Effects of Different Storage Conditions on the Nutritional Qualities of Barley and Maize

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 246 - 255, 11.03.2015

Havva Polat

https://doi.org/10.15832/tbd.02887

Cited By: 1

Öz

The effects of different types of storage on nutritional quality values of barley and maize are examined. For this purpose, 3 different storage types, including horizontal-reinforced concrete storage, vertical-reinforced concrete silo and verticalsteel silo were taken into consideration. Nutritional quality values (dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, and metabolizable energy) of samples were analyzed in the laboratory in four replicates. Total of 438 samples were collected from each of the stored product stacks during the storage for 12 months. Total average nutritional value losses have been found for barley were 1.74% in horizontal-reinforced concrete storage, 1.23% in reinforced concrete silo, 2.82% in vertical steel silo. These values have been found accordingly as 6.21%, 3.02%, and 2.04% for maize stacks. As a result of this research, the vertical steel silo was determined to be more appropriate for maize storage while the horizontal-reinforced concrete storage structure and vertical reinforced concrete silo were suitable for barley storage

Anahtar Kelimeler

Barley, Grain storage, Horizontal grain storage, Maize, Reinforced concrete silo, Steel silo

Farklı Depolama Koşullarının Arpa ve Mısırın Besin Kaliteleri Üzerindeki Etkileri

Öz

Bu araştırmada, farklı depo tiplerinin arpa ve mısırın besin kaliteleri üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, yatay betonarme depolama yapısı, düşey betonarme silo ve düşey çelik silo olmak üzere 3 farklı depolama tipi göz önüne alınmıştır. Alınan örneklerin yem besin değerleri (kuru madde, ham protein, ham yağ, ham selüloz, ham kül ve metabolize olabilen enerji) dört tekerrürlü olarak laboratuvar koşullarında analiz edilmiştir. Depolanan her bir ürün yığınından 12 ay boyunca toplam 438 örnek alınmıştır. Toplam ortalama besin değeri kaybı, arpa için yatay betonarme depolama yapısında % 1.74, betonarme çelik siloda % 1.23 ve çelik siloda ise % 2.82 bulunmuştur. Bu değerler mısır için ise sırasıyla % 6.21, % 3.02 ve % 2.04 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, yatay betonarme depolama yapısı ve düşey betonarme çelik silo arpa depolaması için uygun bulunurken, düşey çelik silonun ise mısır depolaması için daha uygun olacağı belirlenmiştir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arpa, Tahıl depolama, Yatay tahıl depolama yapısı, Mısır, Betonarme silo, Çelik silo

Kaynakça

• Al-Yahya S A (2001). Effect of storage conditions on germination in wheat. Journal of Agronomy & Crop Science 186: 273-279
• AOAC (1990). 992.23 - Cereal grains and oilseeds. Official methods of analysis. 15th edition, Assoc. of Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA
• Baran M S, Demirel R, Şentürk D, Şahin T & Yeşilbağ D (2008). Determination of the feeding values of feedstuffs and mixed feeds used in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Veterinary Animal Sciences 32(6): 449-455
• Boxall R A (2002). Damage and loss caused by the larger grain borer prostephanus truncates. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 7: 105-121
• Crampton E & Maynard L (1983). The relation of cellulose and lignin content to nutritive value of animal feeds. Journal of Nutrition 15: 383-395
• Didier K Jacob R G, Corinne A & Abdoulaye T (2013). Effects of storage losses and grain management practices on storage: Evidence from maize production in Benin. Agricultural & Applied Economics Association’s 2013 AAEA & CAES Joint Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, August 4-6
• Nehring K (1960). Agriculture chemische untersuchungs
• Dizlek H (2012). Depolama sırasında tahıllarda meydana gelen fiziksel ve kimyasal değişiklikler. Gıda ve Yem Bilimi-Teknolojisi Dergisi 12: 49-57
• Dizlek H, Gül H & Kılıçdağı R (2008). Grain storage problems and suggestions. 10. Food Congress Abstracts Book, 21-23 May, Erzurum, pp. 391-394
• EN ISO 5508 (2013). Animal and vegetable fats and oils - Analysis by gas chromatography of methyl esters of fatty acids
• Ergün A, Tuncer Ş D, Çolpan İ, Yalçın S, Yıldız G, Küçükersan K M, Küçükersan S & Şehu A (2004). Feeds, feed hygen and technology. Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Course Book
• Golob P & Hanks C (1990). Protection of farm stored maize against infestation by Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) and Sitiphilus species in Tanzania. Journal of Stored Products Research 2: 187-198
• Golob P (2002). Chemical, physical and cultural control of prostephanus truncates. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 7: 245-277
• Hall C W (1980). Drying and storage of agricultural crops. The AVI Publishing Company Inc., USA
• Hellevang K J (1995). Grain moisture content effects and management, NDSU Extension Service, AE-905, pp. 9
• Iconomou D, Athanasopoulos P, Arapoglou D, Varzakas T & Christopoulou N (2006). Cereal quality characteristics as affected by controlled atmospheric storage conditions. American Journal Food Technology 1: 149-157
• ISO 20483 (2013) Cereals and pulses - Determination of the nitrogen content and calculation of the crude protein content - Kjeldahl method
• ISO 6541 (2013). Agricultural food products - Determination of crude fibre content - Modified Scharrer method
• ISO 659 (2009). Determination of oil content (reference method)
• Jones D & Shelton P (1994). Management to maintain stored grain quality. NSU Coop.Ex.Service, G-94- 1199-A, USA
• Kutlu H R (2008). Feed Handling and Analysis Methods. Çukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Science Department, Course Notes, Adana
• Meyer H, Bronsch K & Leibetseder J (1983). Suplemente zu volesungen und ubungen in der tierernaehrung. Verlag Sprungman, Hannover methoden für dünge-und futtermittel böden und mile, Verlagpaul Parey, Hamburg and Berlin
• Olgun M (2013). Agricultural structures. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publishing No:1577, Ankara
• Proctor D L (1994). Grain storage techniques: Evolution and trends in developing countries, FAO
• Sharma S, Gambhir S & Munshi S K (2007). Changes in lipid and carbohydrate composition of germinating soybean seeds under different storage conditions. Asian Journal of Plant Science 6: 502-507
• Sisman C B & Ergin S (2011). The effects of different storage buildings on wheat quality. Journal of Applied Sciences 11(14): 2613-2619
• TSI (1991). Turkish Standard Institute, TS 9610- Animal feeds-metabolic energy determination (chemical method). Ankara
• TSI (2009). TS 4664 - Animal and vegetable fats and oils - Analysis by gas chromatography of methyl esters of fatty acids
• TSI (2009). TS 4966 - Agricultural food products - Determination of crude fibre content - Modified Scharrer method
• Volenik M, Rozman V, Kalinovic I, Liska A, Kıs D & Sımıc B (2007). Influence of relative humidity and temperature on the changes in grain moisture in stored soybean and maize. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 72(3):215-219