Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 45 - 51, 15.01.2019
Öz
Activated
carbon was especially produced from wood, lignite, organic agricultural wastes
such as coconut shale. In this study,
high sulfur contained coal was used as a precursor to production of activated
carbon. In the activated carbon production, physical activation method was
applied and several operation parameters such as activation temperature
(350-950 oC), activation time (5-120 min.) and particle size of coal
samples (0,25-2 mm) were investigated. High sulfur contained coal samples has
56 m2/gr BET surface area. Produced activated carbons at optimum
conditions have 485 m2/gr and 510 m2/gr BET surface areas
in any gas inherent media and N2 gas media, respectively.
Furthermore, abilities of removal of Cu2+ ions from solution of
produced activated carbons were investigated. In both operation conditions,
approximately 97% Cu2+ ions in solutions can be removed. As a result, it was determined that high
sulfur coals caused environmental problems can be used in non-fuel areas.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ahmadpour A., Do D., 1996, “The preparation of activated carbon from coal by chemical and physical activation “Carbon Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 471-479. Ahmed M., 2016, Application of agricultural based activated carbon by microwave and conventional activations for basic dye adsorption review” Journal of Environmental Chemical ENgineering, vol: 4, 89-99, Akashi B., and O’Brain W., 1996 T”he preparation of activated carbon from a bituminous coal” Internatıonal Journal Of Energy Research, Vol. 20, pp913--922 Bondosz T., 1999 “Effects of pore structure and surface chemistry of virgin activated carbons on removal of hydrogen sulfide” Carbon, vol:37, 483-491 Çuhadaroğlu D., Uygun O., A. “Production and characterization of activated carbon from a bituminous coal by chemical activation“ African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 7 (20), pp. 3703-3710 Demir U., 2016 “Characterization and Desulfurization Possibilities of High Sulfur Gediz-Turkey Coal” 2. International Conferance on Engineering and Natural Science” Sarajova, Bosna Herzegovia Demir U., Aydın A., 2016 ”Desulfurization of high sulfur coal by Electron Transfer Method” XV. Mineral Processing Symposium, IMPS 2016, , Istanbul, Turkey Demiral İ., Demiral H., 2010 “Surface characterization of activated carbons obtained from olive bagasse by chemical activation” Surface and Interface Analysis, vol. 40, 1347-1350 Döngel B., 1997 “Zonguldak kömürlerinden aktif karbon üretimi” Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enst. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Zonguldak Elbinsoy S., 2016 “Yüksek kükürt içeren Kütahya-Gediz yöresi kömürlerinden aktif karbon üretilmesi ve özelliklerinin belirlenmesi” Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kütahya Gergove K., S., E., 1996 “Effects of activation method the pore structure of activated carbons from apricot stone” Carbon vol.34, 879-888 Gürses A., Hassani A., Kıranşan M., Acıslı Ö., Karaca S., 2014 “Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution using by untreated lignite as potantial low cost adsorbent kinetic thermodynamic and equilibrium approach“ Journal of Water Process Engineering 2 10–21 Hsu L., Y., Teng H., “Infuluence of different chemical reagent on the preparation of activated carbons from bituminous coal“ Fuel Processing Technology 64, 155–166 Hu Z., Srinivasan M.P., Ni Y., 2001 “Novel activation process for preparing highly microporous and mesoporous activated carbons” Carbon 39, 877–886 Jasienko M., Kedzior K., 2005 “Comparision of moleculer sieve properties in microporous chars from low rank bituminous coal activated by steam and carbon dioxide” Carbon, Vol:43, 944 Jorjani E., Yperman J, Carleer, R. Rezai B. 2006 ”Reductive pyrolysis study of sulfur compounds in different Tabas coal samples (Iran)” Fuel 85, pp 114–120, Jorjani, E,. Rezai, B., Vossoughi, M., Osanloo, M., Abdollahi, M., 2004a, “Oxidation pretreatment for enhancing desulfurization of coal with sodium butoxide” Minerals Engineering, vol: 17, 545-552 Jorjani, E., Rezai, B., Vossouhgi, M., Osanloo, M., 2004b, “Desulfurization of Tabas coal with microwave irridation/peroxyacetic acid washing at 25, 55 and 85 oC” Fuel, vol: 83, 943-949 Karaca S., Gürses A., Bayrak R., 2005 “Investigation of applicability of the various adsorption models of methylene blue adsorption onto lignite water interface”” Energy Conversion and Management, vol:46, 33-46, Kawatra, S.K., ve Eisele, T.C. 2001, Coal desulfurization, high-efficiency preparation methods, Printed by Edwards Brothers, Ann Arbor, Taylor & Francis Inc. 349p. Kopac T., and Toprak A., 2007, “Preparation of activated carbons from Zonguldak region coal by physical and chemical activation for hydrogen sorption” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol: 32, 5005-5014 Orbak İ., 2002 “Tunçbilek linyitlerinden kimyasal aktitivasyon yöntemi ile aktif karbon üretimi” İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enst. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Pis J., J., Mahamud M., Pajares A., J., Parra B., J., Bansal R., C., 1998 “Preparation of active carbon from coal Part III. Activation of char” Fuel Processing Technology, vol 57, pp149-161, Pis J., J., Mahamud M., Parra B., J., Pajares A., J., Bansal R., C., 1997 “Preparation of active carbon from coal Part II. Carbonisation of oxidised coal” Fuel Processing Technology, vol 48, pp249-260, Pis J., J., Teresa A., C., Mahamud M., Fuertes B., A., Parra B., J., Pajares A., J., Bansal R., C., 1996 “Preparation of active carbon from coal Part I. Oxidation of coal” Fuel Processing Technology, vol 47, pp119-138 Qi Y., Hoadly A., Chaffee A., L., Garnier G., 2011 “Characterization of lignite as an industrial adsorbent” Fuel, vol: 90, 1567-1574, Şentorun-Shalaby Ç., Astarlıoğlu M., Artok L., Sarıcı Ç., 2006 “Preparation and characterization of activated carbons by one-step steam pyrolysis/activation from apricot Stones” Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 88, 126–134 Solano A.L., Gullon I.M., Lecea C.S.M., Talovera B.S., 2000. “Activated Carbons from Bituminous Coal: Effect of Mineral Matter Content”. Fuel, 79: 635-643. Usmani T., Ahmed T., Ahmed S., Yousufzai A., 1995 “Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from a low rank coal” Carbon Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 77-82, Wilson J., 1981 “Activated carbon from coal”, Fuel, vol:60, pp823-831,
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 45 - 51, 15.01.2019
Öz
Aktif karbon, genellikle odun,
kömür, Hindistan cevizi kabuğu gibi
çeşitli zirai atıklardan üretilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, aktif karbon üretilmesi
için hammadde olarak yüksek oranda kükürt içeren kömür kullanılmıştır. Aktif
karbon üretiminde fiziksel aktivasyon yöntemi uygulanmış, bu yöntemde etkili
olan aktivasyon sıcaklığı (350-950 oC), aktivasyon süresi (5-120
dakika), tane boyut (0,25-2 mm) gibi değişkenlerin etkileri araştırılmıştır.
Aktif karbon üretiminde hammadde olarak kullanılan kömür numunesinin BET yüzey
alanı 56 m2/gr iken en uygun çalışma şartlarında herhangi bir gaz
girişinin olmadığı işlemde elde edilen aktif karbonun BET yüzey alanı 485 m2/gr
ve inert bir gaz olan N2 ile yapılan işlem ile elde edilen aktif
karbonun BET yüzey alanı 510 m2/gr olarak ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca elde
edilen aktif karbonun çözeltiden Cu2+ iyonlarını uzaklaştırma
kabiliyetleri incelenmiştir. Her iki çalışma şartlarında çözeltideki Cu2+
iyonlarının yaklaşık %97’si uzaklaştırılabilmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışma ile
çevresel sorun oluşturan yüksek oranda kükürt içeren kömürlerin yakıt dışı
alanlarda kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Ahmadpour A., Do D., 1996, “The preparation of activated carbon from coal by chemical and physical activation “Carbon Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 471-479. Ahmed M., 2016, Application of agricultural based activated carbon by microwave and conventional activations for basic dye adsorption review” Journal of Environmental Chemical ENgineering, vol: 4, 89-99, Akashi B., and O’Brain W., 1996 T”he preparation of activated carbon from a bituminous coal” Internatıonal Journal Of Energy Research, Vol. 20, pp913--922 Bondosz T., 1999 “Effects of pore structure and surface chemistry of virgin activated carbons on removal of hydrogen sulfide” Carbon, vol:37, 483-491 Çuhadaroğlu D., Uygun O., A. “Production and characterization of activated carbon from a bituminous coal by chemical activation“ African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 7 (20), pp. 3703-3710 Demir U., 2016 “Characterization and Desulfurization Possibilities of High Sulfur Gediz-Turkey Coal” 2. International Conferance on Engineering and Natural Science” Sarajova, Bosna Herzegovia Demir U., Aydın A., 2016 ”Desulfurization of high sulfur coal by Electron Transfer Method” XV. Mineral Processing Symposium, IMPS 2016, , Istanbul, Turkey Demiral İ., Demiral H., 2010 “Surface characterization of activated carbons obtained from olive bagasse by chemical activation” Surface and Interface Analysis, vol. 40, 1347-1350 Döngel B., 1997 “Zonguldak kömürlerinden aktif karbon üretimi” Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enst. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Zonguldak Elbinsoy S., 2016 “Yüksek kükürt içeren Kütahya-Gediz yöresi kömürlerinden aktif karbon üretilmesi ve özelliklerinin belirlenmesi” Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kütahya Gergove K., S., E., 1996 “Effects of activation method the pore structure of activated carbons from apricot stone” Carbon vol.34, 879-888 Gürses A., Hassani A., Kıranşan M., Acıslı Ö., Karaca S., 2014 “Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution using by untreated lignite as potantial low cost adsorbent kinetic thermodynamic and equilibrium approach“ Journal of Water Process Engineering 2 10–21 Hsu L., Y., Teng H., “Infuluence of different chemical reagent on the preparation of activated carbons from bituminous coal“ Fuel Processing Technology 64, 155–166 Hu Z., Srinivasan M.P., Ni Y., 2001 “Novel activation process for preparing highly microporous and mesoporous activated carbons” Carbon 39, 877–886 Jasienko M., Kedzior K., 2005 “Comparision of moleculer sieve properties in microporous chars from low rank bituminous coal activated by steam and carbon dioxide” Carbon, Vol:43, 944 Jorjani E., Yperman J, Carleer, R. Rezai B. 2006 ”Reductive pyrolysis study of sulfur compounds in different Tabas coal samples (Iran)” Fuel 85, pp 114–120, Jorjani, E,. Rezai, B., Vossoughi, M., Osanloo, M., Abdollahi, M., 2004a, “Oxidation pretreatment for enhancing desulfurization of coal with sodium butoxide” Minerals Engineering, vol: 17, 545-552 Jorjani, E., Rezai, B., Vossouhgi, M., Osanloo, M., 2004b, “Desulfurization of Tabas coal with microwave irridation/peroxyacetic acid washing at 25, 55 and 85 oC” Fuel, vol: 83, 943-949 Karaca S., Gürses A., Bayrak R., 2005 “Investigation of applicability of the various adsorption models of methylene blue adsorption onto lignite water interface”” Energy Conversion and Management, vol:46, 33-46, Kawatra, S.K., ve Eisele, T.C. 2001, Coal desulfurization, high-efficiency preparation methods, Printed by Edwards Brothers, Ann Arbor, Taylor & Francis Inc. 349p. Kopac T., and Toprak A., 2007, “Preparation of activated carbons from Zonguldak region coal by physical and chemical activation for hydrogen sorption” International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol: 32, 5005-5014 Orbak İ., 2002 “Tunçbilek linyitlerinden kimyasal aktitivasyon yöntemi ile aktif karbon üretimi” İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enst. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Pis J., J., Mahamud M., Pajares A., J., Parra B., J., Bansal R., C., 1998 “Preparation of active carbon from coal Part III. Activation of char” Fuel Processing Technology, vol 57, pp149-161, Pis J., J., Mahamud M., Parra B., J., Pajares A., J., Bansal R., C., 1997 “Preparation of active carbon from coal Part II. Carbonisation of oxidised coal” Fuel Processing Technology, vol 48, pp249-260, Pis J., J., Teresa A., C., Mahamud M., Fuertes B., A., Parra B., J., Pajares A., J., Bansal R., C., 1996 “Preparation of active carbon from coal Part I. Oxidation of coal” Fuel Processing Technology, vol 47, pp119-138 Qi Y., Hoadly A., Chaffee A., L., Garnier G., 2011 “Characterization of lignite as an industrial adsorbent” Fuel, vol: 90, 1567-1574, Şentorun-Shalaby Ç., Astarlıoğlu M., Artok L., Sarıcı Ç., 2006 “Preparation and characterization of activated carbons by one-step steam pyrolysis/activation from apricot Stones” Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 88, 126–134 Solano A.L., Gullon I.M., Lecea C.S.M., Talovera B.S., 2000. “Activated Carbons from Bituminous Coal: Effect of Mineral Matter Content”. Fuel, 79: 635-643. Usmani T., Ahmed T., Ahmed S., Yousufzai A., 1995 “Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from a low rank coal” Carbon Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 77-82, Wilson J., 1981 “Activated carbon from coal”, Fuel, vol:60, pp823-831,
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mühendislik |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Ocak 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 13 Aralık 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 |
