İNTRADİYALİTİK HİPOTANSİYON VE ÖNLEMEYE YÖNELİK HEMŞİRELİK YAKLAŞIMLARI

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 1, 58 - 63, 04.04.2019

Gülşah Kesik Leyla Özdemir

Öz

ÖZET

Ülkemizde ve dünyada hemodiyaliz tedavisine ihtiyaç
duyan hasta sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Hemodiyaliz tedavisi hayat
kurtarıcı olmasına rağmen, akut ve kronik komplikasyonları da beraberinde
getirmektedir. İntradiyalitik hipotansiyon, en sık görülen intradiyalitik
komplikasyon olup, hemodiyaliz tedavisi sırasında, tedavi öncesine göre
sistolik kan basıncında 20mmHg ve üzerinde düşme ya da ortalama kan basıncında
10mmHg ve üzerinde düşme olarak tanımlanır. İntradiyalitik hipotansiyon;
bulantı, kusma, kramplar, huzursuzluk, yorgunluk, baygınlık gibi diğer
komplikasyonları da beraberinde getirebilir. İntradiyalitik hipotansiyon acil
hemşirelik girişimi gerektirmesi nedeniyle hemşireler için oldukça önemlidir.
İntradiyalitik hipotansiyon durumunda hemşireler tarafından uygulanan bağımsız
hemşirelik girişimleri olsa da, bu girişimler kanıta dayalı uygulama değildir
ve belirli bir standardı yoktur. İntradiyalitik hipotansiyon konusunda
hemşirelik araştırmalarının artması ve hemşirelik bakımının standardize
edilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemodiyaliz; hipotansiyon; hemşirelik bakımı

ABSTRACT

Nursing
Approaches to Prevent Intradialytic Hypotension

The
number of patients in need of hemodialysis treatment in our country and in the
world is increasing day by day. Although hemodialysis treatment is life saving,
it also causes acute and chronic complications. Intradialytic hypotension is
the most common complication of intradialytic complications and it is defined
as in comparison with the pre-treatment a decrease in systolic blood pressure
of 20 mmHg or more, or a decrease in mean blood pressure of 10 mmHg or more
during hemodialysis treatment. Intradialytic hypotension can cause nausea,
vomiting, cramps, restlessness, tiredness, fainting, and other complications.
Intradialytic hypotension is ve0ry important for nurses because of the need for
emergency nursing intervention. Although there are independent nursing
interventions applied by nurses in the case of intradialytic hypotension, these
interventions are not evidence based and do not have a specific standard. To
conclude, it can be said that the number of researches made for intradialytic
hypotension by the nurses is insufficient and it needs to be improved and
nursing care should be standardized.

Keywords: Hemodialysis; hypotension; nursing care

Anahtar Kelimeler

İntradiyalitik Hipotansiyon, Hemodiyaliz, Hemodiyaliz Komplikasyonları, Hemşirelik

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