Öz
Ultrasound exhibits several beneficial effects in solid–liquid systems by means of the cavitations phenomenon. In this study, the modeling and optimization of the surface areas of the activated carbon prepared by ultrasound-assisted KOH-impregnated hazelnut shell has been investigated. The experiments were planned by statistical design methods and the effects of parameters have been investigated. A statistical model has been obtained by means of variance analysis among the prepared activated carbon surface areas and corresponding parameters. This model has been used to obtain the optimum process conditions by using Matlab with a constrained optimization program
Anahtar Kelimeler
Statistical design Ultrasound Activated carbon Surface area Optimization
Kaynakça
- Baştuğ, F., (2008). Palmiye Kabuğu Kökenli Aktif Karbon Adsorpsiyonu ile Ağır Metal Giderimi, Y. Lisans Tezi, SD , Isparta.
- Daud, W.M.A.W., Ali, W.S.W. and. Sulaiman, M.Z., (2002) Effect of Activation Temperature on Pore Development in Activated Carbon Produced from Palm Shell, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 78, 1-5.
- Daud, W.M.A.W. and Ali, W.S.W., (2004). Comparison on Pore Development of Activated Carbon Produced from Palm Shell and Coconut Shell, Bioresource Technology 93, 63– 69.
- Demiral, H., Demiral, İ., Karabacakoğlu, B. ve Tümsek, F., (2011). Fındık Küspesi Piroliz Katı Ürününden Aktif Karbon Eldesi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
- Demirbas, E., Kobya, M., Öncel, S. and Şencan, S., (2002). Removal of Ni(II) from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Hazelnut Shell Activated Carbon: Equilibrium Studies, Bioresource Technology 84, 291–293.
- Foo, K. Y. and Hameed, B.H., (2011). Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Pistachio Nut Shells Via Microwave-Induced Chemical Activation, Biomass and Bioenergy, 35, 3257-3261.
- Grusamy A., (2002). Adsorption of Basic Dye on Strongly Chelating Polymer: Batch Kinetics Studies, Iranian Polymer Jourual, 1, 237-244.
- Guo, G., (2002). The Effect of Local Hydrodynamics on Mass Transfer in Disordered Porous Media, Ph.D. Dissertation in Chem. Eng. Louisiana State University, USA.
- Gülensoy, H. ve Şengil, A., (1981). Aktif Karbon ve Üretimi, Sakarya Devlet Mühendis ve Mimarlık Akademisi Dergisi, Sayı:MMA-11, 77- 90, Sakarya.
- Hussein, M.Z., Tarmizi, R.S.H., Zainal, Z., Ibrahim, R. and Badri, (1996). M., Preparation and Characterization of Active Carbons from Oil Palm Shells, Carbon. 34 (11), 1447–1454.
- Kazemipour, M., Ansari, M., Tajrobehkar, S., Majdzadeh, M. and Kermani, H. R., (2008). Removal of Lead, Cadmium, Zinc, and Copper from Industrial Wastewater by Carbon Developed from Walnut, Hazelnut, Almond, Pistachio Shell, and Apricot Stone, Journal of Hazardous Materials 150, 322–327.
- Letterman, R.D., Water Quality and Treatment, (1999). A Handbook Of Community Water Supplies. Fifth Edition. McGraw-Hill. New York.
- Lua, A.C. and Guo, J., (1998). Preparation and Characterization of Chars from Oil Palm Waste, Carbon. 36 (11), 1663–1670.
- Marani, D. and Macci, G., Pagano, (1995). M., Lead Precipitation in The Presence of Sulphate and Carbonate. Testing of Thermodynamic Predictions, Water Research, 29, 1085-1092.
- Özer, A. and Şen, N., (2011). Fosforik Asitle Aktifleştirilen Fındık kabuklarından Elde Edilen Aktif Karbonun Bazı Yüzey Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
- Papini, M.P., Kahie ,Y.D., Troia, B. and Majone, M., (1999). Adsorption of Lead at Variable pH Onto a Natural Porous Medium: Modeling of Batch and Column Experiments, Environmental Science and Technology, 33, 3357-4464.
- Smith, H.E., Lu, W., Vengris, T. and Binkiene, R., (1996). Sorption of Heavy Metals by Lithuian Glauconite, Water Research, 30, 2883-2892.
- Sublet, R., Simonnot, M., Boireau, A. and Sardin, M., (2003). Selection of an Adsorbent for Lead Removal from Drinking Water by A Point-of-use Treatment Device, Water Research. 37, 4904– 4912.
- Şayan, E., (2002). Kırmızı Çamurdan TiO2’in Sülfürik Asit ile Liçingi Üzerine Ultrases Gücünün Etkisinin İncelenmesi, İstatistiksel Modellenmesi ve Optimizasyonu, Doktora Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum.
- Şayan, E., (2006). Ultrasound-Assisted Preparation of Activated Carbon from Alkaline Impregnated Hazelnut Shell: An Optimization Study on Removal of Cu from Aqueous Solution, Chemical Engineering Journal, 115, 213–218. 2+
- Vural, N., (2007). Paulownia Ağacı Odunundan ZnCl2 Aktivasyonu ile Aktifleştirilmiş Karbon Üretimi ve Karakterizasyonu, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
- Zhang, K., Cheung, W., Valix, M., (2005). Roles of Physical and Chemical Properties of Activated Carbon in The Adsorption of Lead Ions, Chemosphere. 60, 1129–1140.
ULTRASES YARDIMIYLA ALKALİ EMDİRİLEREK HAZIRLANMIŞ AKTİF KARBONLARIN YÜZEY ALANLARININ MODELLENMESİ VE OPTİMİZASYONU
Öz
ÖZ
Ultrases, kavitasyon etkisiyle katı-sıvı sistemlerinde birçok yararlı etkiler göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, ultrases yardımıyla KOH emdirilmiş fındıkkabuğu ile hazırlanan aktif karbonların yüzey alanlarının modelleme ve optimizasyonu araştırılmıştır. Deneyler istatistiksel olarak tasarlanmış ve parametrelerin etkisi incelenmiştir. Hazırlanan aktif karbonların yüzey alanları ile ilgili parametreler arasında varyans analizi yardımıyla istatistiksel bir model elde edilmiştir. Bu model, matlab kısıtlamalı optimizasyon programıyla optimum proses şartlarının elde edilmesi için kullanılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
İstatistiksel tasarım Ultrases Aktif karbon Yüzey alanı Optimizasyon.
Kaynakça
- Baştuğ, F., (2008). Palmiye Kabuğu Kökenli Aktif Karbon Adsorpsiyonu ile Ağır Metal Giderimi, Y. Lisans Tezi, SD , Isparta.
- Daud, W.M.A.W., Ali, W.S.W. and. Sulaiman, M.Z., (2002) Effect of Activation Temperature on Pore Development in Activated Carbon Produced from Palm Shell, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 78, 1-5.
- Daud, W.M.A.W. and Ali, W.S.W., (2004). Comparison on Pore Development of Activated Carbon Produced from Palm Shell and Coconut Shell, Bioresource Technology 93, 63– 69.
- Demiral, H., Demiral, İ., Karabacakoğlu, B. ve Tümsek, F., (2011). Fındık Küspesi Piroliz Katı Ürününden Aktif Karbon Eldesi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
- Demirbas, E., Kobya, M., Öncel, S. and Şencan, S., (2002). Removal of Ni(II) from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Hazelnut Shell Activated Carbon: Equilibrium Studies, Bioresource Technology 84, 291–293.
- Foo, K. Y. and Hameed, B.H., (2011). Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Pistachio Nut Shells Via Microwave-Induced Chemical Activation, Biomass and Bioenergy, 35, 3257-3261.
- Grusamy A., (2002). Adsorption of Basic Dye on Strongly Chelating Polymer: Batch Kinetics Studies, Iranian Polymer Jourual, 1, 237-244.
- Guo, G., (2002). The Effect of Local Hydrodynamics on Mass Transfer in Disordered Porous Media, Ph.D. Dissertation in Chem. Eng. Louisiana State University, USA.
- Gülensoy, H. ve Şengil, A., (1981). Aktif Karbon ve Üretimi, Sakarya Devlet Mühendis ve Mimarlık Akademisi Dergisi, Sayı:MMA-11, 77- 90, Sakarya.
- Hussein, M.Z., Tarmizi, R.S.H., Zainal, Z., Ibrahim, R. and Badri, (1996). M., Preparation and Characterization of Active Carbons from Oil Palm Shells, Carbon. 34 (11), 1447–1454.
- Kazemipour, M., Ansari, M., Tajrobehkar, S., Majdzadeh, M. and Kermani, H. R., (2008). Removal of Lead, Cadmium, Zinc, and Copper from Industrial Wastewater by Carbon Developed from Walnut, Hazelnut, Almond, Pistachio Shell, and Apricot Stone, Journal of Hazardous Materials 150, 322–327.
- Letterman, R.D., Water Quality and Treatment, (1999). A Handbook Of Community Water Supplies. Fifth Edition. McGraw-Hill. New York.
- Lua, A.C. and Guo, J., (1998). Preparation and Characterization of Chars from Oil Palm Waste, Carbon. 36 (11), 1663–1670.
- Marani, D. and Macci, G., Pagano, (1995). M., Lead Precipitation in The Presence of Sulphate and Carbonate. Testing of Thermodynamic Predictions, Water Research, 29, 1085-1092.
- Özer, A. and Şen, N., (2011). Fosforik Asitle Aktifleştirilen Fındık kabuklarından Elde Edilen Aktif Karbonun Bazı Yüzey Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
- Papini, M.P., Kahie ,Y.D., Troia, B. and Majone, M., (1999). Adsorption of Lead at Variable pH Onto a Natural Porous Medium: Modeling of Batch and Column Experiments, Environmental Science and Technology, 33, 3357-4464.
- Smith, H.E., Lu, W., Vengris, T. and Binkiene, R., (1996). Sorption of Heavy Metals by Lithuian Glauconite, Water Research, 30, 2883-2892.
- Sublet, R., Simonnot, M., Boireau, A. and Sardin, M., (2003). Selection of an Adsorbent for Lead Removal from Drinking Water by A Point-of-use Treatment Device, Water Research. 37, 4904– 4912.
- Şayan, E., (2002). Kırmızı Çamurdan TiO2’in Sülfürik Asit ile Liçingi Üzerine Ultrases Gücünün Etkisinin İncelenmesi, İstatistiksel Modellenmesi ve Optimizasyonu, Doktora Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum.
- Şayan, E., (2006). Ultrasound-Assisted Preparation of Activated Carbon from Alkaline Impregnated Hazelnut Shell: An Optimization Study on Removal of Cu from Aqueous Solution, Chemical Engineering Journal, 115, 213–218. 2+
- Vural, N., (2007). Paulownia Ağacı Odunundan ZnCl2 Aktivasyonu ile Aktifleştirilmiş Karbon Üretimi ve Karakterizasyonu, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eskişehir.
- Zhang, K., Cheung, W., Valix, M., (2005). Roles of Physical and Chemical Properties of Activated Carbon in The Adsorption of Lead Ions, Chemosphere. 60, 1129–1140.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 12 Kasım 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2015 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2 |
