REHABİLİTASYON HEMŞİRELİĞİNDE HAYVAN DESTEKLİ UYGULAMALAR

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 88 - 93, 31.08.2016

Seçil Beyece İncazlı Serap Özer Yasemin Yıldırım

Öz

Rehabilitasyon hemşireliği; kronik bir hastalığı olup, uzun süre bakım ve tedaviye gereksinim duyan hastaların öz-bakımını arttırmaya, bozulan fonksiyonlarını düzeltmeye ve yaşam kalitesini arttırmaya yönelik girişimleri hedefleyen bir hemşirelik alanıdır. Hayvan destekli uygulamalar; rehabilitasyon hemşireliği sürecinde belirtilen hedeflere ulaşmak, tedavi ve bakımı kolaylaştırmak için kullanılan, önemli yararları olan bir müdahale programı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Temel prensibi, insan ve hayvan etkileşiminin sağladığı biyolojik-fiziksel-kimyasal değişimlerle ortaya çıkan psikosomatik etkilere dayanmaktadır. Hayvan beslemek ya da hayvanlarla birlikte olmak, bu etkilerin ortaya çıkmasını sağlayarak mental, sosyal ve fiziksel sağlığın iyileştirilmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu uygulamaların yararlarının ortaya çıkması için veteriner, halk sağlığı uzmanı, fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon uzmanı, fizyoterapist, diğer deneyimli terapist ve hemşire gibi profesyonellerden oluşan multidisipliner bir ekip çalışması gerekmektedir.

Bu makalede, hayvan destekli uygulamaların etki mekanizmaları ve yararları ile ilgili bilgilere yer verilmiş olup, özellikle rehabilitasyon hemşireliği alanındaki kullanımına vurgu yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rehabilitasyon, hemşirelik, hayvan destekli uygulama

ANIMAL-ASSISTED INTERVENTION IN REHABILITATION NURSING

Öz

Rehabilitation nursing is a nursing field that targeting the initiatives about improving selfcare, correcting the impaired functions and increasing the quality of living of patiens that have a chronic disease and need long term care. Animal-assisted interventions are defined as an intervention program that used to simplify treatment and care and it has significant benefits in achieving the objectives referred in the rehabilitation nursing process. Its basic principle is based on biological-physical-chemical changes resulting psychosomatic effects provided by the human and animal interaction. Having an animal or being with animals, allows the emergence of these effects and plays an important role in improving mental, social and physical health. For the emergence of the benefits of these practices multidiscipliner teams that consist of veterinarians, public health specialists, physiotherapy and rehabilitation specialists, other therapists and experienced professionals should work together.

In this article, information has been given about the mechanism of action and benefits of animal assisted interventions and particularly the use of these mechanism in rehabilitation nursing field has been emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rehabilitation, nursing, animal-assisted intervention

Kaynakça

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