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Sarıçam Tohum Bahçesinde Yaprak Alanı İndeksi (YAİ) ile Göğüs Çapı, Kozalak Verimi ve Kalıtsallık İlişkisinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 215 - 220, 15.04.2019

Öz



Bu
çalışma Kastamonu Taşköprü-Tekçam Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) klonal tohum
bahçesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada; klonlar üzerinde göğüs yüzeyi çapı
(d1,30), Yaprak Alanı İndeksi (YAİ) ve kozalak sayısı arasındaki ilişki ortaya
konulmaya çalışılmış ve bu karakterlere bağlı kalıtsallık oranları (H2) hesaplanmıştır.
Çalışma sonucunda, klonlardaki kozalak sayısının YAİ, ağaç çapı ve klonlara
göre değişimi incelendiğinde kozalak sayısı ile YAİ ve klonlar arasında bir
ilişki olduğu ortaya konulmuştur (p<0.05). YAİ değerleri 0.72-2.18m2m-2
(ort. 1.4m2m-2) ile göğüs çapı 14.8 - 30.9cm (ort. 23cm) arasında ise anlamlı
bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Bir ağacın kozalak veriminin klonlara
göre de farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Çalışmada ölçülen
karakterlere bağlı kalıtsallık değerleri hesaplanmış ve en yüksek kalıtsallık
değeri H2 kozalak sayısında elde edilmiş olup, YAİ bakımından elde edilen
değerler ise ortalamanın çok altında kalmıştır. Klonal tohum bahçeleri için
oldukça önemli olan kozalak verimi ile YAİ arasındaki anlamlı ilişkinin ortaya
konulmuş olması tohum verimini optimize eden uygulamalarda YAİ’nin de
değerelendirilebilir bir karakter olduğunu göstermektedir.



Kaynakça

  • Alan M (2018). Ebe sarıçamı klonal tohum bahçesi kozalak ve tohum özelliklerinde genetik parametrelerin tahmini. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 19(3): 240-245.
  • Alan M, Sbuncu R, Ezen T, Kaplan S (2018). The effects of top pruning on growth and production of conelets and cones in Pinus brutia Ten. seed orchards of different ages. Šumarski list, 5–6: 269–282.
  • Almqvist C, Jansson G (2015). Effects of pruning and stand density on cone and pollen production in an experimental Pinus sylvestris seed orchard. Silva Fennica vol. 49 no. 4 article id 1243.
  • Anonim (2001). Working report of 2000 and working plan of 2001, The Research Directorate of Forest Tree Seeds and Tree Breeding publishers, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Anonim (2015). Türkiye orman varlığı 2015. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Anakara.
  • Bilir N, Prescher F, Lindgren D, Kroon J (2008). Variation in cone and seed characters in clonal seed orchards of Pinus sylvestris. New Forests, 36(2), 187-199.
  • Bilir N, Tamirağa H (2012). Fertility variation and status number in clonal seed orchards of Pinus sylvestris. Pakistan Journal of Biological Scinces, 15, 1075-1079.
  • Boydak M, Çalışkan S (2014). Ağaçlandırma. Ormancılığı Geliştirme ve Orman Yangınları ile Mücadele Hizmetlerini Destekleme Vakfı Yayınları.Ankara, pp: 714.
  • Chen JM, Cihlar J (1995). Quantifying the effect of canopy architecture on optical measurements of leaf area index using two gap size analysis methods. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 33(3), 777-787.
  • Dantec VL, Dufrene E, Saugier B (2000). Interannual and spatial variation in maximum leaf area index of temperate deciduous stands. Forest Ecology and Management, 134: 71-81. Geiger EL, Gotsch SG, Damasco G, Haridasan M, Franco AC, Hoffmann WA (2011). Distinct roles of savanna and forest tree species in regeneration under fire suppression in a Brazilian savanna. Journal of Vegetation Science, 22(2), 312-321.
  • Hannerz M, Eriksson U, Wennström U, Wilhelmsson L (2000). Scots pine and Norway spruce seed orchards in Sweden - a description and analysis of future seed supply. Redogörelse. Skogforsk.
  • Kara F (2018). A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 18(1), 53-61.
  • Kara F, Topaçoğlu O (2018). Influence of stand density and canopy structure on the germination and growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 190 (12), 749. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-7129-x.
  • Kara Ö, Şentürk M, Bolat İ, Çakıroğlu K (2011). Kayın, Göknar ve Göknar-Kayın meşcerelerinde Yaprak Alan İndeksi ve toprak özellekleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 61, 47-54.
  • Koski V, Antola J (1993). Turkish National Tree Breeding and Seed Production Program for Turkey (1994-2003), The Research Directorate of Forest Tree Seeds and Tree Breeding, Ankara, 52 pp.
  • Kozlowski T, T, Kramer PJ, Pallardy SG (1991). The Physiological Ecology of Woody Plants. Academic Press, New York, 657 pp.
  • Krannits PG, Duralia TE (2004). Cone and seed production in Pinus ponderosa: a review. West North Am Nat 64:208–218.
  • Masters CJ (1981). Weyerhaeuser's seed orchard program. pp. 60-70. In: D .F.W. Pollard, D.G.W. Edwards, and C .W. Yeatman (Eds) Proc.l8th Mtg. Can. Tree Improvement Assoc. Part 2. Environ. Can., Can. For. Serv., Ottawa.
  • Matziris D (1984). Genetic variation in morphological and anatomical needle characteristics in the black pine of Peloponnesos. Silvae Genetica, 33(4-5), 164-169.
  • Matziris D (1997). Variation in growth, flowering and cone production in a clonal seed orchard of Aleppo pine grown in Greece. Silvae Genetica, 46(4), 224-228.
  • Matziris D (1998). Genetic variation in cone and seed characteristics in a clonal seed orchard of Aleppo pine grown in Greece. Silvae Genetica, 47(1), 37-41.
  • Mukassabi TA, Polwart A, Coleshaw T, Thomas PA (2012). Scots pine seed dynamics on a waterlogged site. Trees, 26(4), 1305-1315.
  • OATIAM (2018). Orman Ağaçları ve Tohumları Islah Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Ankara, https://ortohum.ogm.gov.tr/SitePages/OGM/OGMDefault.aspx, Erişim: 07,11,2018.
  • Özbayram AK, Çiçek E, Yılmaz F (2015). Kızılçam ve karaçam meşcerelerinde yaprak alan indeksi (YAİ) ile bazı meşcere özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Kastamonu Univ. Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 15, 78-85.
  • Özbayram AK (2018). Doğu kayını meşcerelerinde aralamanın yaprak alan indeksine etkisi. Bartın Orman Fakultesi Dergisi, 20, 590-598.
  • Philipson JJ (1985). The effect of top pruning, girdling, and gibberellin A4,, application on the production and distribution of pollen and seed cones in Sitka spruce. Canadian Journal of Forest Research . 15 :1125-1128.
  • R Development Core Team (2010). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
  • Rodríguez G (2007). Lecture notes on generalized linear models. Available at http://data.princeton.edu/wws509/notes/.
  • Ross SD (1989). Long term cone production and growth responses to crown management and gibberellin A 4/7 treatment in a young western hemlock seed orchard. New Forests, 3(3), 235-245.
  • Running SW, Nemani RR, Peterson DL, Band LE, Potts DF, Pierce LL, Spanner MA (1989). Mapping regional forest evapotranspiration and photosynthesis by coupling satellite data with ecosystem simulation. Ecology, 70(4), 1090-1101.
  • Sivacioglu A, Ayan S (2008). Evaluation of seed production of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) clonal seed orchard with cone analysis method. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(24).
  • Sıvacıoğlu A (2010). Genetic variation in seed and cone characteristics in a clonal seed orchard of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestis L.) grown in Kastamonu-Turkey. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 15(6): 5695-570.
  • Şevik H (2005). Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) Tohum Meşcerelerinde Populasyonlar Arası Farklılıklar, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. G.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enst. 1-5.
  • Şevik H, Topacoglu O (2015). Variation and inheritance pattern in cone and seed characteristics of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) for evaluation of genetic diversity. Journal of Environmental Biology, 36:1125-1130.
  • Şevik H, Yiğit N, Topacoglu O (2015). Taşköprü- Tekçam Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) klonal tohum bahçesinde ibre ve dal karakterlerine bağlı genetic varyasyon. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences. 1(1):23-32.
  • Stanley RG (1958). Methods and concepts applied to a study of flowering in pine. In: Thimann KV (ed) Physiology of forest trees. Ronald Press, New York, pp 583–599.
  • Topaçoğlu O, Şevik H, Sivacioglu A, Kara F (2017). Genetic variations among and within the populations of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) in Turkey. Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(4), 691-702.
  • Warren CR, Adams MA (2000). Trade-offs between the persistence of foliage and productivity in two Pinus species. Oecologia, 124(4), 487-494.

Determination of Relationship with Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Diameter at Breast-Height, Cone Yield, Heritability in Scots Pine Seed Orchard

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 215 - 220, 15.04.2019

Öz

This study was carried out in Kastamonu Taşköprü-Tekçam Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) clonal seed orchard. In
the study, the correlations between the number of cones and tree diameter at breat height (d1,30), leaf area index
(LAI) and the clones were inquired, and the heritability ratios (H2) depending on these characters were
calculated. As a result of the study, as changes in the number of cones depending on the clones, LAI and tree
diameter were examined, it was found that there were significant correlations between the number of cones and
LAI as well as clones (p<0.05). No significant correlation was found between the LAI (0.72 - 2.18 m2m-2) and
diameter at breat height (14.8 - 30.9cm.) (p>0.05). It has been determined that the cone yield of a tree differs
according to the clones (p<0.05). In the study, the heritability values were calculated; the highest heritability
value was obtained in the number of H2 cones and the values obtained in LAI were far below the average. The
significant correlation between the cone yield and the LAI, which seems to be very important for the clonal seed
orchards, shows that the LAI is also a critical factor for the optimization of the seed yield.

Kaynakça

  • Alan M (2018). Ebe sarıçamı klonal tohum bahçesi kozalak ve tohum özelliklerinde genetik parametrelerin tahmini. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 19(3): 240-245.
  • Alan M, Sbuncu R, Ezen T, Kaplan S (2018). The effects of top pruning on growth and production of conelets and cones in Pinus brutia Ten. seed orchards of different ages. Šumarski list, 5–6: 269–282.
  • Almqvist C, Jansson G (2015). Effects of pruning and stand density on cone and pollen production in an experimental Pinus sylvestris seed orchard. Silva Fennica vol. 49 no. 4 article id 1243.
  • Anonim (2001). Working report of 2000 and working plan of 2001, The Research Directorate of Forest Tree Seeds and Tree Breeding publishers, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Anonim (2015). Türkiye orman varlığı 2015. T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Anakara.
  • Bilir N, Prescher F, Lindgren D, Kroon J (2008). Variation in cone and seed characters in clonal seed orchards of Pinus sylvestris. New Forests, 36(2), 187-199.
  • Bilir N, Tamirağa H (2012). Fertility variation and status number in clonal seed orchards of Pinus sylvestris. Pakistan Journal of Biological Scinces, 15, 1075-1079.
  • Boydak M, Çalışkan S (2014). Ağaçlandırma. Ormancılığı Geliştirme ve Orman Yangınları ile Mücadele Hizmetlerini Destekleme Vakfı Yayınları.Ankara, pp: 714.
  • Chen JM, Cihlar J (1995). Quantifying the effect of canopy architecture on optical measurements of leaf area index using two gap size analysis methods. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 33(3), 777-787.
  • Dantec VL, Dufrene E, Saugier B (2000). Interannual and spatial variation in maximum leaf area index of temperate deciduous stands. Forest Ecology and Management, 134: 71-81. Geiger EL, Gotsch SG, Damasco G, Haridasan M, Franco AC, Hoffmann WA (2011). Distinct roles of savanna and forest tree species in regeneration under fire suppression in a Brazilian savanna. Journal of Vegetation Science, 22(2), 312-321.
  • Hannerz M, Eriksson U, Wennström U, Wilhelmsson L (2000). Scots pine and Norway spruce seed orchards in Sweden - a description and analysis of future seed supply. Redogörelse. Skogforsk.
  • Kara F (2018). A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 18(1), 53-61.
  • Kara F, Topaçoğlu O (2018). Influence of stand density and canopy structure on the germination and growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 190 (12), 749. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-7129-x.
  • Kara Ö, Şentürk M, Bolat İ, Çakıroğlu K (2011). Kayın, Göknar ve Göknar-Kayın meşcerelerinde Yaprak Alan İndeksi ve toprak özellekleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 61, 47-54.
  • Koski V, Antola J (1993). Turkish National Tree Breeding and Seed Production Program for Turkey (1994-2003), The Research Directorate of Forest Tree Seeds and Tree Breeding, Ankara, 52 pp.
  • Kozlowski T, T, Kramer PJ, Pallardy SG (1991). The Physiological Ecology of Woody Plants. Academic Press, New York, 657 pp.
  • Krannits PG, Duralia TE (2004). Cone and seed production in Pinus ponderosa: a review. West North Am Nat 64:208–218.
  • Masters CJ (1981). Weyerhaeuser's seed orchard program. pp. 60-70. In: D .F.W. Pollard, D.G.W. Edwards, and C .W. Yeatman (Eds) Proc.l8th Mtg. Can. Tree Improvement Assoc. Part 2. Environ. Can., Can. For. Serv., Ottawa.
  • Matziris D (1984). Genetic variation in morphological and anatomical needle characteristics in the black pine of Peloponnesos. Silvae Genetica, 33(4-5), 164-169.
  • Matziris D (1997). Variation in growth, flowering and cone production in a clonal seed orchard of Aleppo pine grown in Greece. Silvae Genetica, 46(4), 224-228.
  • Matziris D (1998). Genetic variation in cone and seed characteristics in a clonal seed orchard of Aleppo pine grown in Greece. Silvae Genetica, 47(1), 37-41.
  • Mukassabi TA, Polwart A, Coleshaw T, Thomas PA (2012). Scots pine seed dynamics on a waterlogged site. Trees, 26(4), 1305-1315.
  • OATIAM (2018). Orman Ağaçları ve Tohumları Islah Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü, Ankara, https://ortohum.ogm.gov.tr/SitePages/OGM/OGMDefault.aspx, Erişim: 07,11,2018.
  • Özbayram AK, Çiçek E, Yılmaz F (2015). Kızılçam ve karaçam meşcerelerinde yaprak alan indeksi (YAİ) ile bazı meşcere özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler. Kastamonu Univ. Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 15, 78-85.
  • Özbayram AK (2018). Doğu kayını meşcerelerinde aralamanın yaprak alan indeksine etkisi. Bartın Orman Fakultesi Dergisi, 20, 590-598.
  • Philipson JJ (1985). The effect of top pruning, girdling, and gibberellin A4,, application on the production and distribution of pollen and seed cones in Sitka spruce. Canadian Journal of Forest Research . 15 :1125-1128.
  • R Development Core Team (2010). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
  • Rodríguez G (2007). Lecture notes on generalized linear models. Available at http://data.princeton.edu/wws509/notes/.
  • Ross SD (1989). Long term cone production and growth responses to crown management and gibberellin A 4/7 treatment in a young western hemlock seed orchard. New Forests, 3(3), 235-245.
  • Running SW, Nemani RR, Peterson DL, Band LE, Potts DF, Pierce LL, Spanner MA (1989). Mapping regional forest evapotranspiration and photosynthesis by coupling satellite data with ecosystem simulation. Ecology, 70(4), 1090-1101.
  • Sivacioglu A, Ayan S (2008). Evaluation of seed production of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) clonal seed orchard with cone analysis method. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(24).
  • Sıvacıoğlu A (2010). Genetic variation in seed and cone characteristics in a clonal seed orchard of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestis L.) grown in Kastamonu-Turkey. Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 15(6): 5695-570.
  • Şevik H (2005). Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) Tohum Meşcerelerinde Populasyonlar Arası Farklılıklar, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. G.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enst. 1-5.
  • Şevik H, Topacoglu O (2015). Variation and inheritance pattern in cone and seed characteristics of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) for evaluation of genetic diversity. Journal of Environmental Biology, 36:1125-1130.
  • Şevik H, Yiğit N, Topacoglu O (2015). Taşköprü- Tekçam Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) klonal tohum bahçesinde ibre ve dal karakterlerine bağlı genetic varyasyon. Kastamonu University Journal of Engineering and Sciences. 1(1):23-32.
  • Stanley RG (1958). Methods and concepts applied to a study of flowering in pine. In: Thimann KV (ed) Physiology of forest trees. Ronald Press, New York, pp 583–599.
  • Topaçoğlu O, Şevik H, Sivacioglu A, Kara F (2017). Genetic variations among and within the populations of Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) in Turkey. Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(4), 691-702.
  • Warren CR, Adams MA (2000). Trade-offs between the persistence of foliage and productivity in two Pinus species. Oecologia, 124(4), 487-494.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Orman Endüstri Mühendisliği
Bölüm Biodiversity, Environmental Management and Policy, Sustainable Forestry
Yazarlar

Osman Topaçoğlu

Sibel Mukaddes Göztaşı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Nisan 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Topaçoğlu, O., & Göztaşı, S. M. (2019). Sarıçam Tohum Bahçesinde Yaprak Alanı İndeksi (YAİ) ile Göğüs Çapı, Kozalak Verimi ve Kalıtsallık İlişkisinin Belirlenmesi. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 215-220. https://doi.org/10.24011/barofd.494427


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