Impacts of national agricultural trade policies on food self-sufficiency: Case of selected products in Niger

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 1, 46 - 53, 31.05.2019

Makbule Nisa Mencet Yelboğa Cengiz Sayın Hamidou Taffa Abdoul-azıze Rahmiye Figen Ceylan

https://doi.org/10.16882/derim.2019.453759

Öz

Most of Sub-Saharan African agricultural studies are
focused on rainfall variability, low use of technologies and inputs in
agriculture to explain the recurrence of food insecurity and famine in these
regions. However, agriculture sector relies on other sectors such as trade. So,
an evaluation of the efficiency of trade tools on main foodstuffs could very
helpful for policymaker in stabilizing their countries agricultural product
prices. Additionally, the evaluation of self-sufficiency and import dependency
is a significant step in estimating the country resources capacity in
satisfying its domestic demand especially for main foodstuffs. Hence, this
article aims at evaluating the impacts of National Agricultural Trade Policies
on Food Self-Sufficiency of main agricultural foodstuffs (cowpea, maize,
millet, and sorghum) in Niger during 1990-2015. The findings revealed that
Niger national resources can satisfy the countrywide demand for the main foodstuffs
except for maize. In conclusion Niger policy makers should review the country
agricultural trade policy by applying efficient trade’s tools and measures to
stabilize the inter-annual price volatility of main agricultural foodstuffs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Agricultural trade, Food security, Niger, Self-sufficiency, Sub-Sharan countries

Ulusal tarım ticareti politikalarının gıda yeterliliğine etkileri: Nijer’de seçilmiş ürünler örneği

Öz

Çoğu Sahraaltı Afrika
tarımsal çalışmaları bu bölgelerde yinelenen gıda krizlerinin ve kıtlığın
başlıca nedenleri olarak, yağış değişkenliği, düşük teknoloji kullanımı ve
tarımsal girdilerin düşük kullanımı üzerine odaklanmıştır. Ancak, tarım sektörü
ticaret gibi diğer sektörlere dayanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, ticaret araçlarının
ana gıda maddeleri üzerindeki etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi, politikacılar için
ülkelerinin tarımsal ürün fiyatlarının dengelenmesinde çok kullanışlı
olmaktadır. Ek olarak, kendi kendine yeterlilik ve ithalat bağımlılığının
değerlendirilmesi, özellikle ana gıda maddeleri için iç talebin karşılanması
konusunda ülke kaynakları kapasitesinin tahmin edilmesinde önemli bir adımdır. Bu
nedenle, bu makale, ulusal tarım ticareti politikalarının, Nijer'deki 1990-2015
döneminde başlıca tarımsal gıda maddelerinin (börülce, mısır, darı ve sorgum)
gıda öz yeterliliğine etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bulgular,
Nijer ulusal kaynaklarının, ülke genelinde ana gıda maddelerine yönelik talebi,
mısır hariç karşılayabildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak, Nijer politika
belirleyicileri, ana tarımsal gıda maddelerinin yıllar arası fiyat dalgalanmasını
dengelemek için etkili ticaret araçlarını ve önlemlerini uygulayarak ülke
tarımsal ticaret politikasını gözden geçirmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tarımsal ticaret, Gıda Güveniği, Niger, Kendine yeterlilik, Sahra altı ülkeler

Kaynakça

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