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The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 288 - 297, 28.06.2019

Sinem Bozkurt Berat Meryem Alkan Fatma Gülçin Ural Hatice Aksekili Fatma Fidan Nebahat Sezer Lale Aktekin Özge Ardıçoğlu Selami Akkuş

https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.582000

Öz

Objectives: Vitamin D plays an important role in
musculoskeletal and nervous system health. Although, the prevalence of vitamin
D deficiency is fairly high and it may lead to bone abnormalities and muscle
weakness, it is a preventable condition. The aim of this prospective study was
to assess the effects of vitamin D supplementation on balance, mobility, grip
strength, fatigue, depression and quality of life.

Materials and Methods: Between October 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015, a
total of 92 patients with vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency were included in
the study. Demographic characteristics of age, gender, height, weight, serum
25-hydroxyvitamin [25-(OH)D], parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase (ALP),
calcium, and phosphorus levels were recorded. The primary outcome was assessed
the [25-(OH) D] levels at 1 month and 3 month post-treatment. The secondary
outcomes were the efficacy of vitamin D administration on fatigue, mobility,
balance, depression, quality of life (QoL), muscle strength using The
Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale (MAF), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG),
Single leg stance test (SLS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), The Nottingham
Health Profile(NHP), hand dynamometer, respectively at all visits. 

Results: After the 1 month, the vitamin D supplementation had
significantly improved muscle strength, balance ability, mobility, QoL,
depression, and fatigue symptoms. The levels of [25-(OH) D] significant
decreased after 3 months.

Conclusion: Supplemental vitamin D consistently demonstrated beneficial
effects on muscle strength, mobility, balance control, depression, fatigue and
QoL. The 300,000 bolus of vitamin D was well-tolerated and safe in adult
population. We would recommend evaluating vitamin D status once in three
months. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balance Fatigue Muscle strength Quality of life Vitamin D

Kaynakça

  • Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 2007;357:266–81.
  • Rosen CJ. Clinical practice. Vitamin D insufficiency. N Engl J Med 2011;364:248–54.
  • Knutsen KV, Brekke M, Gjelstad S, et al. Vitamin D status in patients with musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and headache: a cross-sectional descriptive study in a multi-ethnic general practice in Norway. Scand J Prim Health Care 2010;28:166–71.
  • Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Relevance of vitamin D in muscle health. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2012; 13:71–7.
  • Kerr DC, Zava DT, Piper WT, et al. Associations between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in healthy young adult women. Psychiatry Res 2015; 227: 46–51.
  • Hamilton B. Vitamin D and human skeletal muscle. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010;20:182–90.
  • Kjaergaard M, Waterloo K, Wang CE, Almas B, Figenschau Y, Hutchinson MS. Effect of vitamin D supplement on depression scores in people with low levels of serum 25- hydroxyvitaminD: nested case-control study and randomised clinical trial. Br J Psychiatry 2012;5:360–8
  • Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Nabizade L, Yassini-Ardakani SM, Hadinedoushan H, Barzegar K. The effect of 2 different single injections of high dose of vitamin D on improving the depression in depressed patients with vitamin D deficiency: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2013; 33(3):378–85.
  • Nair R, Maseeh A. Vitamin D: The "sunshine" vitamin. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2012;3(2):118-26.
  • Autier P, Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:1730–7.
  • Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, et al. Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96(7):1911–30.
  • Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Dietrich T, Dawson-Hughes B. Estimation ofoptimal serum concentrations of25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;84(1):18–28.
  • Rejnmark L. Effects of vitamin D on muscle function and performance: a review of evidence from randomized controlled trials. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2011; 2(1): 25-37.
  • Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing 2010; 39:412-23.
  • Cedric A, Samir H, St´ephane W, Manuel MO, Gustavo D, Duval Guillaume T.Vitamin D and walking speed in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Maturitas 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.07.012
  • Kücükdeveci AA, McKenna SP, Kutlay S, Gürsel Y, Whalley D, Arasil T. The development and psychometric assessment of the Turkish version of the Nottingham Health Profile. Int J Rehab Res 2000;23(1):31-8
  • Hunt SM, McEwen J, McKenna SP. Measuring health status: a new tool for clinicians and epidemiologists. J Roy Coll Gen Pract 1985; 35: 185–8.
  • Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed ‘‘up & go’’: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991;39: 142–8.
  • Kear BM, Guck TP, McGaha AL.Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test: Normative Reference Values for Ages 20 to 59 Years and Relationships With Physical and Mental Health Risk Factors. J Prim Care Community Health 2017;8(1):9-13.
  • Giorgetti MM, Harris BA, Jette A. Reliability of clinical balance outcome measures in the elderly. Physio Res Intern 1998; 3(4):274–83
  • Ozerkan KN. The effects of smiling or crying facial expressions on grip strength, measured with a hand dynamometer and the bi-digital O-ring test. Acupunct Electrother Res 2001;26(3):171-86.
  • Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M,Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961:4:561-71.
  • Hisli Sahin N. Use of the Beck Depression Inventory with Turkish University Students: Reliability, validity and Factor Analysis. Turkish J Psychology 1989; 6, 3-13.
  • Yildirim Y, Ergin G. A validity and reliability study of the Turkish Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF) scale in chronic musculoskeletal physical therapy patients. J Back Musculoskeletal 2013; 26: 307–16.
  • Beaudart C, Buckinx F, Rabenda V, et al. The effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle power: A systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99: 4336-45.
  • V. Gerodimos. Reliability of handgrip strength test in basketball players. J Human Kinetics 2012; 31: 25–36.
  • Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, et al. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing 2010; 39:412-23.
  • C. Annweiler, A.M. Schott, G. Berrut, et al. Vitamin D and ageing: neurological issues. Neuropsychobiology 2010; 62: 139–50.
  • Pfeifer M, Begerow B, Minne HW, et al. Vitamin D status, trunk muscle strength, body sway, falls, and fractures among 237 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2001; 109: 87-92.
  • Pfeifer M, Begerow B, Minne HW, Abrams C, Nachtigall D, Hansen C. Effects of a short-term vitamin D and calcium supplementation on body sway and secondary hyperparathyroidism in elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 2000; 15:1113-8.
  • Bischoff HA, Stahelin HB, Dick W. Effects of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Falls: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Bone Miner Res 2003;18(2):343-51.
  • Laksmi PW, Setiati S, Oemardi M, Aries W,Siregar P. Correlation Between Vitamin D Concentration and Basic Functional Mobility in Elderly Women. Acta Med Indones 2007; 39(3):112-18.
  • Dawson-Hughes B: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and muscle atrophy in the elderly. Proc Nutr Soc 2012; 71: 46–9.
  • Qutubuddin A, Cifu DX, Adler RA, et al. A pilot study of vitamin D and balance characteristics in middle-aged, healthy individuals. PM R, 2010,2: 23-6.
  • Roy S, Sherman A, Monari- Sparks MJ, Schweiker O, Hunter K. Correction of Low Vitamin D Improves Fatigue: Effect of Correction of Low Vitamin D in Fatigue Study (EViDiF Study). N Am J Med Sci. 2014; 6(8): 396–402.
  • Amato AA, Brown RH. Muscular distrophies and other muscle diseases. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, editors. Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed.Vol.2. New York: McGraw Hill Medical; 2012.p.3488.
  • Mesci M, Mesci N, İçağasıoğlu A. Association of vitamin D deficiency with fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and physical activity level. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2016;62(3):222- 8.
  • Anglin RE, Samaan Z, Walter SD, McDonald SD. 2013. Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 202(2):100–7
  • Gowda U, Mutowo MP, Smith BJ, Wluka AE, Renzaho AM. 2015. Vitamin D supplementation to reduce depression in adults: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition. 31(3):421–9.
  • Akyuz G, SanalToprak C, Yagci İ, Giray E,KuruBektasoglu P. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on pain, quality of life, and nerve conduction studies in women with chronic widespread pain. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 2017, 40( 1):76-83.
  • Abbasnezhad A, Amani R, Hasanvand A, et al. Association of serum vitamin D concentration with clinical symptoms and quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome. J Am Coll Nutr 2018, 25: 1-7.
  • Andersen MR, Sweet E, Hager S, Gaul M, Dowd F, Standish LJ. Effects of vitamin d use on health related quality of life of breast cancer patients in early survivorship. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1-12.
  • Alam U, Fawwad A, Shaheen F, Tahir B, Basit A, Malik RA. Improvement in neuropathy specific quality of life in patients with diabetes after vitamin d supplementation. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017: 7928083. doi: 10.1155/2017/7928083
  • Garland CF, Kim JJ, Mohr SB, Gorham ED, Grant WB, Giovannucci EL, et al. Meta-analysis of all-cause mortality according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Am J Public Health 2014;104(8): 43-50.
  • Francis R, Aspray T, Fraser W, Gittoes N, Javaid K. Vitamin D and Bone Health: A Practical Clinical Guideline for Patient Management. The National Osteoporosis Society. Camerton, Bath:2013. Available from: http://www.nos.org.uk/document.doc?id=1352.
  • P. Pludowski, Holick MF, Grant WB, et al. Vitamin D supplementation guidelines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 175: 125–35.
  • P. Pludowski, E.Karczmarewiez, Bayer M, et al. Practical guidelines fort he supplementation of vitamin D and the treatment of deficits in Central Europe- recommended vitamin D intakes in the general population and groups at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Endokrynol Pol. 2013; 64(4) 319-27.
  • Gupta N, Farooqui KJ, Mithal A. Effect of oral versus intramuscular vitamin D replacement in apparently healthy adults with vitamin D deficiency. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2017; 21(1):131-6.
  • Leventis P, Kiely PD. The tolerability and biochemical effects of high dose bolus vitamin D2 and D3 supplementation in patients with vit D insufficiency. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 38(2):149-53.

Bolus D Vitamini Takviyesinin Etkileri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 288 - 297, 28.06.2019

Sinem Bozkurt Berat Meryem Alkan Fatma Gülçin Ural Hatice Aksekili Fatma Fidan Nebahat Sezer Lale Aktekin Özge Ardıçoğlu Selami Akkuş

https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.582000

Öz

Amaç: D vitamini, kas-iskelet sistemi ve
sinir sistemi sağlığında önemli bir rol oynar. D vitamini eksikliği prevalansı
oldukça yüksek olup kemik anormallikleri ve kas güçsüzlüğü ile
sonuçlanabilmesine rağmen, önlenebilir bir durumdur. Bu prospektif çalışmanın
amacı, D vitamini desteğinin denge, mobilite, kavrama gücü, yorgunluk,
depresyon ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmektir. 

Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya 1 Ekim
2015 - 31 Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında D vitamini yetersizliği / eksiksizliği
olan 92 hasta alındı. Yaş, cinsiyet, boy, kilo, serum 25-hidroksivitamin D [25-
(OH) D], paratiroid hormon, alkalen fosfataz (ALP), kalsiyum ve fosfor
seviyeleri kaydedildi. Primer sonuç, tedavi sonrası 1 ay ve 3 ay sonra [25-
(OH) D] seviyelerini değerlendirmekti. İkincil sonuçlar; tüm vizitlerde D vitamini
uygulamasının yorgunluk, mobilite, denge, depresyon, yaşam kalitesi üzerine
etkinliğinin, sırasıyla Yorgunluk Ölçeğinin Çok Boyutlu Değerlendirilmesi,
Zamanlı Kalk ve Yürü Testi, Tek Bacak Üzerinde Durma Testi, Beck Depresyon
Envanteri, Nottingham Sağlık Profili, el dinamometresi, kullanılarak
değerlendirilmesidir.



Bulgular: 1 ay sonra, D vitamini takviyesi kas
gücünü, denge yeteneğini, mobiliteyi, yaşam kalitesini, depresyonu ve yorgunluk
semptomlarını önemli ölçüde iyileştirdi. [25- (OH) D] düzeyleri düzeyleri 3 ay
sonra belirgin olarak düştü.



Sonuç: D vitamini takviyesi, kas kuvveti,
mobilite, denge kontrolü, depresyon, yorgunluk ve yaşam kalitesi üzerinde
faydalı etkiler göstermiştir. 300.000 IU bolus D vitamini takviyesi erişkin
popülasyonda iyi tolere edilmiştir. D vitamini düzeyinin üç ayda bir
değerlendirilmesini tavsiye ediyoruz. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Denge Yorgunluk Kas gücü Yaşam kalitesi D vitamini

Kaynakça

  • Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 2007;357:266–81.
  • Rosen CJ. Clinical practice. Vitamin D insufficiency. N Engl J Med 2011;364:248–54.
  • Knutsen KV, Brekke M, Gjelstad S, et al. Vitamin D status in patients with musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and headache: a cross-sectional descriptive study in a multi-ethnic general practice in Norway. Scand J Prim Health Care 2010;28:166–71.
  • Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Relevance of vitamin D in muscle health. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2012; 13:71–7.
  • Kerr DC, Zava DT, Piper WT, et al. Associations between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in healthy young adult women. Psychiatry Res 2015; 227: 46–51.
  • Hamilton B. Vitamin D and human skeletal muscle. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010;20:182–90.
  • Kjaergaard M, Waterloo K, Wang CE, Almas B, Figenschau Y, Hutchinson MS. Effect of vitamin D supplement on depression scores in people with low levels of serum 25- hydroxyvitaminD: nested case-control study and randomised clinical trial. Br J Psychiatry 2012;5:360–8
  • Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Nabizade L, Yassini-Ardakani SM, Hadinedoushan H, Barzegar K. The effect of 2 different single injections of high dose of vitamin D on improving the depression in depressed patients with vitamin D deficiency: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2013; 33(3):378–85.
  • Nair R, Maseeh A. Vitamin D: The "sunshine" vitamin. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2012;3(2):118-26.
  • Autier P, Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:1730–7.
  • Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, et al. Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96(7):1911–30.
  • Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Dietrich T, Dawson-Hughes B. Estimation ofoptimal serum concentrations of25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;84(1):18–28.
  • Rejnmark L. Effects of vitamin D on muscle function and performance: a review of evidence from randomized controlled trials. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2011; 2(1): 25-37.
  • Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cederholm T, Landi F, et al. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing 2010; 39:412-23.
  • Cedric A, Samir H, St´ephane W, Manuel MO, Gustavo D, Duval Guillaume T.Vitamin D and walking speed in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Maturitas 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.07.012
  • Kücükdeveci AA, McKenna SP, Kutlay S, Gürsel Y, Whalley D, Arasil T. The development and psychometric assessment of the Turkish version of the Nottingham Health Profile. Int J Rehab Res 2000;23(1):31-8
  • Hunt SM, McEwen J, McKenna SP. Measuring health status: a new tool for clinicians and epidemiologists. J Roy Coll Gen Pract 1985; 35: 185–8.
  • Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed ‘‘up & go’’: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991;39: 142–8.
  • Kear BM, Guck TP, McGaha AL.Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test: Normative Reference Values for Ages 20 to 59 Years and Relationships With Physical and Mental Health Risk Factors. J Prim Care Community Health 2017;8(1):9-13.
  • Giorgetti MM, Harris BA, Jette A. Reliability of clinical balance outcome measures in the elderly. Physio Res Intern 1998; 3(4):274–83
  • Ozerkan KN. The effects of smiling or crying facial expressions on grip strength, measured with a hand dynamometer and the bi-digital O-ring test. Acupunct Electrother Res 2001;26(3):171-86.
  • Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M,Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961:4:561-71.
  • Hisli Sahin N. Use of the Beck Depression Inventory with Turkish University Students: Reliability, validity and Factor Analysis. Turkish J Psychology 1989; 6, 3-13.
  • Yildirim Y, Ergin G. A validity and reliability study of the Turkish Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF) scale in chronic musculoskeletal physical therapy patients. J Back Musculoskeletal 2013; 26: 307–16.
  • Beaudart C, Buckinx F, Rabenda V, et al. The effects of vitamin D on skeletal muscle strength, muscle mass, and muscle power: A systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99: 4336-45.
  • V. Gerodimos. Reliability of handgrip strength test in basketball players. J Human Kinetics 2012; 31: 25–36.
  • Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, et al. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing 2010; 39:412-23.
  • C. Annweiler, A.M. Schott, G. Berrut, et al. Vitamin D and ageing: neurological issues. Neuropsychobiology 2010; 62: 139–50.
  • Pfeifer M, Begerow B, Minne HW, et al. Vitamin D status, trunk muscle strength, body sway, falls, and fractures among 237 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2001; 109: 87-92.
  • Pfeifer M, Begerow B, Minne HW, Abrams C, Nachtigall D, Hansen C. Effects of a short-term vitamin D and calcium supplementation on body sway and secondary hyperparathyroidism in elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 2000; 15:1113-8.
  • Bischoff HA, Stahelin HB, Dick W. Effects of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Falls: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Bone Miner Res 2003;18(2):343-51.
  • Laksmi PW, Setiati S, Oemardi M, Aries W,Siregar P. Correlation Between Vitamin D Concentration and Basic Functional Mobility in Elderly Women. Acta Med Indones 2007; 39(3):112-18.
  • Dawson-Hughes B: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and muscle atrophy in the elderly. Proc Nutr Soc 2012; 71: 46–9.
  • Qutubuddin A, Cifu DX, Adler RA, et al. A pilot study of vitamin D and balance characteristics in middle-aged, healthy individuals. PM R, 2010,2: 23-6.
  • Roy S, Sherman A, Monari- Sparks MJ, Schweiker O, Hunter K. Correction of Low Vitamin D Improves Fatigue: Effect of Correction of Low Vitamin D in Fatigue Study (EViDiF Study). N Am J Med Sci. 2014; 6(8): 396–402.
  • Amato AA, Brown RH. Muscular distrophies and other muscle diseases. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, editors. Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed.Vol.2. New York: McGraw Hill Medical; 2012.p.3488.
  • Mesci M, Mesci N, İçağasıoğlu A. Association of vitamin D deficiency with fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and physical activity level. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2016;62(3):222- 8.
  • Anglin RE, Samaan Z, Walter SD, McDonald SD. 2013. Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 202(2):100–7
  • Gowda U, Mutowo MP, Smith BJ, Wluka AE, Renzaho AM. 2015. Vitamin D supplementation to reduce depression in adults: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition. 31(3):421–9.
  • Akyuz G, SanalToprak C, Yagci İ, Giray E,KuruBektasoglu P. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on pain, quality of life, and nerve conduction studies in women with chronic widespread pain. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 2017, 40( 1):76-83.
  • Abbasnezhad A, Amani R, Hasanvand A, et al. Association of serum vitamin D concentration with clinical symptoms and quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome. J Am Coll Nutr 2018, 25: 1-7.
  • Andersen MR, Sweet E, Hager S, Gaul M, Dowd F, Standish LJ. Effects of vitamin d use on health related quality of life of breast cancer patients in early survivorship. Integr Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1-12.
  • Alam U, Fawwad A, Shaheen F, Tahir B, Basit A, Malik RA. Improvement in neuropathy specific quality of life in patients with diabetes after vitamin d supplementation. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017: 7928083. doi: 10.1155/2017/7928083
  • Garland CF, Kim JJ, Mohr SB, Gorham ED, Grant WB, Giovannucci EL, et al. Meta-analysis of all-cause mortality according to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Am J Public Health 2014;104(8): 43-50.
  • Francis R, Aspray T, Fraser W, Gittoes N, Javaid K. Vitamin D and Bone Health: A Practical Clinical Guideline for Patient Management. The National Osteoporosis Society. Camerton, Bath:2013. Available from: http://www.nos.org.uk/document.doc?id=1352.
  • P. Pludowski, Holick MF, Grant WB, et al. Vitamin D supplementation guidelines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 175: 125–35.
  • P. Pludowski, E.Karczmarewiez, Bayer M, et al. Practical guidelines fort he supplementation of vitamin D and the treatment of deficits in Central Europe- recommended vitamin D intakes in the general population and groups at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Endokrynol Pol. 2013; 64(4) 319-27.
  • Gupta N, Farooqui KJ, Mithal A. Effect of oral versus intramuscular vitamin D replacement in apparently healthy adults with vitamin D deficiency. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2017; 21(1):131-6.
  • Leventis P, Kiely PD. The tolerability and biochemical effects of high dose bolus vitamin D2 and D3 supplementation in patients with vit D insufficiency. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 38(2):149-53.
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırmalar
Yazarlar

Sinem Bozkurt

Berat Meryem Alkan Bu kişi benim

Fatma Gülçin Ural Bu kişi benim

Hatice Aksekili Bu kişi benim

Fatma Fidan Bu kişi benim

Nebahat Sezer Bu kişi benim

Lale Aktekin Bu kişi benim

Özge Ardıçoğlu Bu kişi benim

Selami Akkuş Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Haziran 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bozkurt, S., Alkan, B. M., Ural, F. G., Aksekili, H., vd. (2019). The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation. Ankara Medical Journal, 19(2), 288-297. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.582000
AMA Bozkurt S, Alkan BM, Ural FG, Aksekili H, Fidan F, Sezer N, Aktekin L, Ardıçoğlu Ö, Akkuş S. The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation. Ankara Med J. Haziran 2019;19(2):288-297. doi:10.17098/amj.582000
Chicago Bozkurt, Sinem, Berat Meryem Alkan, Fatma Gülçin Ural, Hatice Aksekili, Fatma Fidan, Nebahat Sezer, Lale Aktekin, Özge Ardıçoğlu, ve Selami Akkuş. “The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation”. Ankara Medical Journal 19, sy. 2 (Haziran 2019): 288-97. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.582000.
EndNote Bozkurt S, Alkan BM, Ural FG, Aksekili H, Fidan F, Sezer N, Aktekin L, Ardıçoğlu Ö, Akkuş S (01 Haziran 2019) The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation. Ankara Medical Journal 19 2 288–297.
IEEE S. Bozkurt, “The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation”, Ankara Med J, c. 19, sy. 2, ss. 288–297, 2019, doi: 10.17098/amj.582000.
ISNAD Bozkurt, Sinem vd. “The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation”. Ankara Medical Journal 19/2 (Haziran 2019), 288-297. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.582000.
JAMA Bozkurt S, Alkan BM, Ural FG, Aksekili H, Fidan F, Sezer N, Aktekin L, Ardıçoğlu Ö, Akkuş S. The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation. Ankara Med J. 2019;19:288–297.
MLA Bozkurt, Sinem vd. “The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation”. Ankara Medical Journal, c. 19, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 288-97, doi:10.17098/amj.582000.
Vancouver Bozkurt S, Alkan BM, Ural FG, Aksekili H, Fidan F, Sezer N, Aktekin L, Ardıçoğlu Ö, Akkuş S. The Effect of Bolus Vitamin D Supplementation. Ankara Med J. 2019;19(2):288-97.
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