General disaster preparedness beliefs and related sociodemographic characteristics: The example of Yalova University, Turkey
Öz
Aim: This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and disaster related
factors associated with General Disaster Preparedness Belief using the Health
Belief Model as a theoretical framework.
Methods: The survey study was
conducted in Yalova, Turkey between April and July, 2014. A prevalidated
General Disaster Preparedness Belief scale instrument based on the Health
Belief Model was administered to a study group of 286 academic and
administrative staff. The General Disaster Preparedness Belief score was
computed by summing up the six Health Belief Model subscales. Hierarchical
linear regression was used to test for association between the General Disaster
Preparedness Belief score and its associated factors. Results: The General Disaster Preparedness Belief score was
positively associated with; higher monthly income, higher occupational status,
having experienced any disaster previously and having any emergency/disaster
education. Respondents who had any emergency/disaster education had on average
an 19.05 higher General Disaster Preparedness Belief score as compared to
respondents who had no emergency/disaster education (β=19.05±4.83, p<0.001).
Furthermore, participants who had experienced any disaster had on average
21.615 higher GDPB score as compared to participants who had never experienced
any disaster (β =21.62±0.32, p<0.001). Conclusions: Monthly income, occupational status, previous
experiences of disasters and access to emergency/disaster education were
important factors associated with General Disaster Preparedness Belief.
Interventions aimed at increasing general disaster preparedness should include
provision of disaster education and should target individuals with lower
socioeconomic status as a priority.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Disaster Emergency Health Belief Model Preparedness Sociodemographic characteristics
Kaynakça
- 1. Donahue A, Joyce P. A Framework for Analyzing Emergency Management with an Application to Federal Budgeting. Public Administration Review 2001; 61(6):728-740.
- 2. Guha-Sapir D, Hoyois Ph, Below R. Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2013: The numbers and trends, Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters CRED, Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), 2014.
- 3. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC). World Disaster Report: Focus on Technology and the Future Humanitarian Action, Geneva, 2013.
- 4. Ersoy S, Kocak A. Disasters and Earthquake Preparedness of Children and Schools in Istanbul, Turkey. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risks 2016; 7(4);1307-1336.
- 5. Gokce O, Ozden S, Demir A. The Statistical and Spatial Distribution of Disasters in Turkey Disaster Information Inventory Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, Disaster Research and Assessment Department, 2008, p. 118.
- 6. Ejeta L.T, Ardalan A, Paton D. Application of Behavioral Theories to Disaster and Emergency Health Preparedness: A Systematic Review. 2015. PLOS Currents Disasters Edition 1.doi:10.1371/currents.dis.31a8995ced321301466db400f1357829.
- 7. Gregory R.C, Philip D.A, Erik A.D.H, et al. Disaster Medicine. U.S.A.: Mosby Elsevier, 2006, pp.29.
- 8. Armas I, Avram E. Patterns and Trends in the Perception of Seismic Risk. Case study: Bucharest Municipality/Romania. Natural Hazards 2008;44(1):147-61.
- 9. Mulilis J.P, Duval T.S. Negative Threat Appeals and Earthquake Preparedness: A Person Relative to Event (PrE) Model of Coping with Threat. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 1995;25(15):1319-39.
- 10. McClure J, Walkey F, Allen M. When Earthquake Damage is Seen As Preventable: Attributions, locus of control and attitudes to risk. Applied Psychology 1999;48(2): 239-56.
- 11. Paton D. Disaster resilience: Integrating Individual, Community, Institutional and Environmental Perspectives. Disaster Resilience: An integrated approach. 2006; 306- 19.
- 12. Mileti D.S, Darlington J. Societal Response to Revised Earthquake Probabilities in the San Francisco Bay Area. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters 1995;13(2):119-45.
- 13. Najafi M, Ardalan A, Akbarisari A., et al. Demographic Determinants of Disaster Preparedness Behaviors Amongst Tehran Inhabitants, Iran. 2015. PLOS Currents Disasters. Edition1,doi:10.1371/currents.dis.976b0ab9c9d9941cbbae3775a6c5fbe6
- 14. Bourque L.B, Siegel J.M, Kano M, Wood M.M. Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Disasters, in: Handbook of Disaster Research, Springer science, New York, 2006;97–112.
- 15. Austin D.W. Surviving the Next Disaster: Assessing The Preparedness of Community Based Organizations: University of Colorado at Boulder, 2010.
- 16. Kim Y, Kang J. Communication, Neighbourhood Belonging and Household Hurricane Preparedness. Disasters, 2010;34, 470–488. 17. Baker E. Household Preparedness for The Aftermath of Hurricanes in Florida. Appl. Geogr., 2011; 31, 46–52.
- 18. Tekeli-Yesil S, Dedeoglu N, Tanner M, et al. Individual Preparedness and Mitigation Actions for a Predicted Earthquake in Istanbul. Disasters 2010;34 (4): 910-930.
- 19. Lindell M.K, Prater C.S. Risk Area Residents' Perceptions and Adoption of Seismic Hazard Adjustments. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 2002; 32(11): 2377-2392.
- 20. Glanz K, Rimer B.K, Viswanath K, (eds). Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
- 21. Teitler-Regev S, Shahrabani S, Benzion U. Factors Affecting Intention Among Students to Be Vaccinated Against A/H1N1 Influenza: A Health Belief Model Approach. Advances in Preventive Medicine Article, 2011, ID 353207, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/353207.
- 22. Akompab D.K, Bi P, Williams S, Grant J, Walker I.A, Augoustinos M. Heat Waves and Climate Change: Applying the Health Belief Model to Identify Predictors of Risk Perception and Adaptive Behaviors in Adelaide, Australia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2013; 10(6): 2164-2184.
- 23. Rosenstock I. M. Why People Use Health Services. The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 1966; 44 (3):94–127.
- 24. Rosenstock I. M, Strecher V. J, Becker M. H. Social Learning Theory and the Health Belief Model. Health Education Quarterly 1988;15(2): 175–183.
- 25. Inal E. Developing a Scale to Evaluate Individual Preparedness for Emergencies/disasters by Using ''Health Belief Model (HBM)'' as a Theoretical Framework. Institute of Public Health, Hacettepe University. Public Health Programme Doctoral Thesis, Ankara, 2015.
- 26. Sakiroglu M. Variables Related to Earthquake Preparedness Behavior. The Thesis of the Graduate School of Social Sciences of Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 2015.
- 27. King D. You’re on Your Own: Community Vulnerability and the Need for Awareness and Education for Predictable Natural dDisasters. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 2000; 8(4):223-228.
- 28. Bourque L.B, Mileti D.S, Kano M, Wood M.M. Who Prepares for Terrorism? Environment and Behavior 2012; 44(3): 374-409.
- 29. Sherman M, Peyrot M, Magda L, Gershon R. Modeling Pre-evacuation Delay by Evacuees in World Trade Center Towers 1 and 2 on September 11, 2001: A revisit using regression analysis. Fire Safety Journal 2011;46(7): 414-24.
- 30. Harvatt J, Petts J, Chilvers J. Understanding Householder Responses to Natural Hazards: Flooding and Sea-level Rise Comparisons. Journal of Risk Research 2011; 14(1): 63-83.
- 31. Basolo V, Steinberg L.J, Burby R.J, et al. The Effects of Confidence in Government and Information on Perceived and Actual Preparedness in Disasters. Environment and Behavior 2008;41(3): 338-362.
- 32. Boscarino J.A, Adams E.R, Figley R.C, Galea S, Foa B.E. Fear of Terrorism and Preparedness in New York City 2 years After the Attacks: Implications for Disaster Planning and Research. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2006;12 (6): 05-513.
- 33. Inal E, Kocagoz S, Turan M. Basic Disaster Consciousness and Preparation Levels, Tr J Emerg Med, 2010;12 (1): 15-19.
- 34. Wood M. M, Kano M, Mileti D. S, & Bourque L. B. Reconceptualizing Household Disaster Readiness: The “Get Ready” Pyramid. Journal of Emergency Management, 2009;7(1):25-37.
- 35. Fothergill A, Maestas E, Darlington J. Race, Ethnicity, and Disasters in the United States: A Review of Literature. Disasters 2011; 23: 156–173.
- 36. Council for Excellence in Government (CEG). Introducing the Public Readiness Index: A Survey Based Tool to Measure the Preparedness of Individuals, Families and Communities. Washington, DC: CEG, 2006.
- 37. Peacock G, Morrow H, Girard C. Ethnic and Racial Inequities in Hurricane Damage and Insurance Settlements, Routledge, New York, 1999;171–190.
- 38. Kirschenbaum A. Families and Disaster Behavior: A Reassessment of Family Preparedness. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 2006; 24(1):111.
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışma, kavramsal bir çerçeve olarak Sağlık İnanç Modeli’nin
kullanılmasıyla Genel Afetlere Hazırlık İnançları ile ilgili sosyodemografik ve
afetlerle ilişkili faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Bu araştırma Nisan-Temmuz 2014 yılları arasında Yalova’da
yürütülmüştür. Geçerliği kabul edilmiş Sağlık İnanç Modeli’ne dayalı Genel
Afetlere Hazırlık İnanç Ölçeği akademik ve idari personelden oluşan 286 kişilik
bir çalışma grubuna uygulanmıştır. Genel Afetlere Hazırlık Ölçeği puanı Sağlık
İnanç Modeli altölçeklerinin toplanmasıyla elde edilmiştir. Genel Afetlere
Hazırlık Ölçeği puanı ve ilişkili faktörler arasındaki ilişki için hiyerarşik
linear regresyon kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Genel Afetlere Hazırlık İnanç
puanı daha yüksek aylık gelir, daha yüksek mesleki durum, daha önceki afet
deneyimi ve acil durum/afet eğitimi almış olmak ile pozitif olarak ilişkilidir.
Daha önce acil durum/afet eğitimi alan katılımcılar daha önce hiç acil
durum/afet eğitimi almadığını belirten katılımcılar ilekarşılaştırıldığında
ortalama olarak 19.05 kez daha yüksek Genel Afetlere Hazırlık İnanç puanına
sahiptir (β =19.05±4.83, p<0.001).
Ayrıca, daha önce herhangi bir afet deneyimi olan katılımcılar hiç afet
deneyimi olmayan katılımcılar ile karşılaştırıldığında ortalama olarak 21.62
kez daha yüksek Genel Afetlere Hazırlık İnanç puanına sahiptir (β
=21.62±0.32, p<0.001). Sonuç: Aylık
gelir, mesleki durum, herhangi bir afet deneyimi ve herhangi bir afet eğitimine
sahip olma durumu Genel Afetlere Hazırlık İnancı ile ilişkili önemli
faktörlerdir. Genel afete hazırlığı artırmayı amaçlayan müdahaleler afet
eğitiminin temel ilkesini içermeli ve ilk öncelik olarak daha düşük
sosyoekonomik durumda olan kişileri hedeflemelidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Acil durum Afet Hazırlık Sağlık İnanç Modeli Sosyodemografik özellikler
Kaynakça
- 1. Donahue A, Joyce P. A Framework for Analyzing Emergency Management with an Application to Federal Budgeting. Public Administration Review 2001; 61(6):728-740.
- 2. Guha-Sapir D, Hoyois Ph, Below R. Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2013: The numbers and trends, Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters CRED, Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), 2014.
- 3. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC). World Disaster Report: Focus on Technology and the Future Humanitarian Action, Geneva, 2013.
- 4. Ersoy S, Kocak A. Disasters and Earthquake Preparedness of Children and Schools in Istanbul, Turkey. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risks 2016; 7(4);1307-1336.
- 5. Gokce O, Ozden S, Demir A. The Statistical and Spatial Distribution of Disasters in Turkey Disaster Information Inventory Ankara. Turkish Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, Disaster Research and Assessment Department, 2008, p. 118.
- 6. Ejeta L.T, Ardalan A, Paton D. Application of Behavioral Theories to Disaster and Emergency Health Preparedness: A Systematic Review. 2015. PLOS Currents Disasters Edition 1.doi:10.1371/currents.dis.31a8995ced321301466db400f1357829.
- 7. Gregory R.C, Philip D.A, Erik A.D.H, et al. Disaster Medicine. U.S.A.: Mosby Elsevier, 2006, pp.29.
- 8. Armas I, Avram E. Patterns and Trends in the Perception of Seismic Risk. Case study: Bucharest Municipality/Romania. Natural Hazards 2008;44(1):147-61.
- 9. Mulilis J.P, Duval T.S. Negative Threat Appeals and Earthquake Preparedness: A Person Relative to Event (PrE) Model of Coping with Threat. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 1995;25(15):1319-39.
- 10. McClure J, Walkey F, Allen M. When Earthquake Damage is Seen As Preventable: Attributions, locus of control and attitudes to risk. Applied Psychology 1999;48(2): 239-56.
- 11. Paton D. Disaster resilience: Integrating Individual, Community, Institutional and Environmental Perspectives. Disaster Resilience: An integrated approach. 2006; 306- 19.
- 12. Mileti D.S, Darlington J. Societal Response to Revised Earthquake Probabilities in the San Francisco Bay Area. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters 1995;13(2):119-45.
- 13. Najafi M, Ardalan A, Akbarisari A., et al. Demographic Determinants of Disaster Preparedness Behaviors Amongst Tehran Inhabitants, Iran. 2015. PLOS Currents Disasters. Edition1,doi:10.1371/currents.dis.976b0ab9c9d9941cbbae3775a6c5fbe6
- 14. Bourque L.B, Siegel J.M, Kano M, Wood M.M. Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Disasters, in: Handbook of Disaster Research, Springer science, New York, 2006;97–112.
- 15. Austin D.W. Surviving the Next Disaster: Assessing The Preparedness of Community Based Organizations: University of Colorado at Boulder, 2010.
- 16. Kim Y, Kang J. Communication, Neighbourhood Belonging and Household Hurricane Preparedness. Disasters, 2010;34, 470–488. 17. Baker E. Household Preparedness for The Aftermath of Hurricanes in Florida. Appl. Geogr., 2011; 31, 46–52.
- 18. Tekeli-Yesil S, Dedeoglu N, Tanner M, et al. Individual Preparedness and Mitigation Actions for a Predicted Earthquake in Istanbul. Disasters 2010;34 (4): 910-930.
- 19. Lindell M.K, Prater C.S. Risk Area Residents' Perceptions and Adoption of Seismic Hazard Adjustments. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 2002; 32(11): 2377-2392.
- 20. Glanz K, Rimer B.K, Viswanath K, (eds). Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
- 21. Teitler-Regev S, Shahrabani S, Benzion U. Factors Affecting Intention Among Students to Be Vaccinated Against A/H1N1 Influenza: A Health Belief Model Approach. Advances in Preventive Medicine Article, 2011, ID 353207, 8 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/353207.
- 22. Akompab D.K, Bi P, Williams S, Grant J, Walker I.A, Augoustinos M. Heat Waves and Climate Change: Applying the Health Belief Model to Identify Predictors of Risk Perception and Adaptive Behaviors in Adelaide, Australia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2013; 10(6): 2164-2184.
- 23. Rosenstock I. M. Why People Use Health Services. The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 1966; 44 (3):94–127.
- 24. Rosenstock I. M, Strecher V. J, Becker M. H. Social Learning Theory and the Health Belief Model. Health Education Quarterly 1988;15(2): 175–183.
- 25. Inal E. Developing a Scale to Evaluate Individual Preparedness for Emergencies/disasters by Using ''Health Belief Model (HBM)'' as a Theoretical Framework. Institute of Public Health, Hacettepe University. Public Health Programme Doctoral Thesis, Ankara, 2015.
- 26. Sakiroglu M. Variables Related to Earthquake Preparedness Behavior. The Thesis of the Graduate School of Social Sciences of Middle East Technical University, Ankara, 2015.
- 27. King D. You’re on Your Own: Community Vulnerability and the Need for Awareness and Education for Predictable Natural dDisasters. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 2000; 8(4):223-228.
- 28. Bourque L.B, Mileti D.S, Kano M, Wood M.M. Who Prepares for Terrorism? Environment and Behavior 2012; 44(3): 374-409.
- 29. Sherman M, Peyrot M, Magda L, Gershon R. Modeling Pre-evacuation Delay by Evacuees in World Trade Center Towers 1 and 2 on September 11, 2001: A revisit using regression analysis. Fire Safety Journal 2011;46(7): 414-24.
- 30. Harvatt J, Petts J, Chilvers J. Understanding Householder Responses to Natural Hazards: Flooding and Sea-level Rise Comparisons. Journal of Risk Research 2011; 14(1): 63-83.
- 31. Basolo V, Steinberg L.J, Burby R.J, et al. The Effects of Confidence in Government and Information on Perceived and Actual Preparedness in Disasters. Environment and Behavior 2008;41(3): 338-362.
- 32. Boscarino J.A, Adams E.R, Figley R.C, Galea S, Foa B.E. Fear of Terrorism and Preparedness in New York City 2 years After the Attacks: Implications for Disaster Planning and Research. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2006;12 (6): 05-513.
- 33. Inal E, Kocagoz S, Turan M. Basic Disaster Consciousness and Preparation Levels, Tr J Emerg Med, 2010;12 (1): 15-19.
- 34. Wood M. M, Kano M, Mileti D. S, & Bourque L. B. Reconceptualizing Household Disaster Readiness: The “Get Ready” Pyramid. Journal of Emergency Management, 2009;7(1):25-37.
- 35. Fothergill A, Maestas E, Darlington J. Race, Ethnicity, and Disasters in the United States: A Review of Literature. Disasters 2011; 23: 156–173.
- 36. Council for Excellence in Government (CEG). Introducing the Public Readiness Index: A Survey Based Tool to Measure the Preparedness of Individuals, Families and Communities. Washington, DC: CEG, 2006.
- 37. Peacock G, Morrow H, Girard C. Ethnic and Racial Inequities in Hurricane Damage and Insurance Settlements, Routledge, New York, 1999;171–190.
- 38. Kirschenbaum A. Families and Disaster Behavior: A Reassessment of Family Preparedness. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. 2006; 24(1):111.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Nisan 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 19 Ocak 2018 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 13 Eylül 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
Cited By
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Anatolian Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://doi.org/10.54996/anatolianjem.1131207
TURKISH JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH - TURK J PUBLIC HEALTH. online-ISSN: 1304-1096
Copyright holder Turkish Journal of Public Health. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. 