Silk Sericin and Potential Application Areas

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 15, 450 - 459, 31.03.2019

Zehra Gün Gök Mustafa Yiğitoğlu İbrahim Vargel

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.517226

Öz

Silk consists of two main proteins called fibroin (fibrous protein) and sericin (globular, glued protein). While fibroin is used in textile production and various biomaterial applications, sericin is considered as a waste material in the textile industry. Sericin is a multicomponent protein with an indefinite structure and has received less attention than fibroin, but it has been shown to be biocompatible and has biological activity. Sericin has interesting bioactive properties for biomedical applications with variable amino acid composition and various functional groups. Because of its antioxidant character, its moisturizing ability and its mitogenic effect on mammalian cells, in recent years, it has been shown that sericin is useful in cell culture and tissue engineering. In addition, the positive effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts have led to the development of sericin-based biomaterials for the repair of skin tissue, especially for wound care materials. In addition, sericin has the potential to be used for bone tissue engineering because of its ability to induce bone-like hydroxyapatite nucleation. Stable silk sericin biomaterials such as films, sponges and hydrogels are prepared by cross-linking or mixing with other polymers. Sericin also has the potential to be used for drug release because its chemical reactivity and pH response facilitate the production of sericin-based nano-microparticles, hydrogels and conjugated molecules, and increase the bioactivity of drugs. In this study, the properties and usage areas of silk sericin, which is an important protein, are summarized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biomaterials, Silk, Sericin, Fibroin

İpek Serisin ve Potansiyel Uygulama Alanları

Öz

İpek, fibroin (lifli protein)
ve serisin (globüler, zamklama proteini) olarak isimlendirilen iki ana
proteinden oluşmaktadır. Fibroin tekstil üretiminde ve çeşitli biyomateryal
uygulamalarda kullanılırken, serisin tekstil endüstrisinde bir atık malzeme olarak
kabul edilmektedir. Serisin, belirsiz bir yapıya sahip çok bileşenli bir
protein olması nedeniyle, fibroinden daha az dikkat çekmiştir, ancak bu
proteinin de biyolojik aktiviteye sahip olduğu ve biyouyumlu olduğu yapılan
çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Serisin değişken amino asit bileşimi ve çeşitli
fonksiyonel grupları ile  biyomedikal
uygulamalar için ilgi çekici biyoaktif özelliklere sahiptir. Antioksidan
karakteri, nemlendirme yeteneği ve memeli hücreleri üzerindeki mitojenik etkisi
nedeniyle, serisinin hücre kültürü ve doku mühendisliğinde yararlı olduğu son
yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca, keratinositler ve
fibroblastlar üzerindeki olumlu etkileri, başta yara bakım malzemeleri olmak
üzere deri dokusu onarımı için serisin bazlı biyomateryallerin gelişmesine yol
açmıştır. Ek olarak, serisin, kemik benzeri hidroksiapatit nükleasyonunu
indükleme kabiliyeti nedeniyle kemik doku mühendisliği için kullanılma
potansiyeline de sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir. Filmler, süngerler ve hidrojeller
gibi kararlı ipek serisin biyomateryalleri, çapraz bağlama veya diğer
polimerler ile karıştırılarak hazırlanmaktadır. Serisin aynı zamanda ilaç
salımı için de kullanılma potansiyeline sahiptir, çünkü kimyasal reaktivitesi
ve pH yanıtı, serisin bazlı nano-mikropartiküllerin, hidrojellerin ve konjuge
moleküllerin üretimini kolaylaştırmakta ve ilaçların biyoaktivitesini
arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, önemli bir protein olan ipek serisinin
özellikleri ve kullanım alanları özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyomateryal, İpek, Fibroin, Serisin

Kaynakça

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