Yağda Çözünen Vitaminler ve Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 116 - 122, 30.09.2023

Rabia Melda Karaağaç Çağla Pınarlı

https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1262072

Abstract

Sağlığın ve hastalığın kilit düzenleyicisi olarak mikrobiyota, son zamanlarda popüler konulardan birisidir. Başta deri, ağız, solunum sistemi ve gastrointestinal kanal olmak üzere farklı vücut bölgelerinde mikrobiyota bulunmaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotası, immün-modülasyon, konağın besin metabolizmasını düzenleme gibi pek çok etkisi bulunmaktadır. İnsan bağırsak mikrobiyotasının oluşumunda yaşamın erken dönemleri, özellikle ilk 3 yaş ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotası, konağın normal fonksiyonlarını devam ettirmesinde ve işleyişinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bununla birlikte bağırsak mikrobiyotası, konak ile etkileşime girerek insan sağlığını olumlu veya olumsuz etkileyen çeşitli metabolik ürünleri sentezleyebilmektedir. Bu noktada vitaminler de çeşitli mekanizmalar yoluyla mikrobiyomu modüle etmektedirler. Vitaminler, vücutta birçok işlevi olan çok çeşitli moleküllerdir. Vitaminler, yağda çözünen ve suda çözünen vitaminler olarak iki temel sınıflana ayrılmaktadır. Vitaminlerin bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki dolaylı etkileri arasında; konak bağışıklık tepkisini etkileme, enfeksiyonlara duyarlılığı değiştirme gibi şeyler bulunmaktadır. Mikrobiyom aynı zamanda bir vitamin üreticisidir, bu nedenle mikrobesin ögesi yeterliliğine ve bağırsaktaki bakteri topluluklarının stabilitesine katkıda bulunmaktadır. Tüm bu sebeplerle vitaminler, enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılmadan bağırsak mikrobiyomu üzerinde çift yönlü, doğrudan veya dolaylı etkilere sahip olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yağda çözünen A, D, E, K vitaminlerinin bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerine etkilerini literatür bilgileri ışığında derlemektir.

Keywords

Bağırsak, Mikrobiyota, Yağda çözünen vitaminler

Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota

Abstract

As a key regulator of health and disease, the microbiota has been a hot topic recently. There are microbiota in different body parts, especially the skin, mouth, respiratory system and gastrointestinal tract. It has many effects such as gut microbiota, immune-modulation, regulating the host's food metabolism. The early stages of life, especially the first 3 years, come to the fore in the formation of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the normal functioning and functioning of the host. In addition, the intestinal microbiota can synthesize various metabolic products that affect human health positively or negatively by interacting with the host. At this point, vitamins also modulate the microbiome through various mechanisms. Vitamins are a wide variety of molecules that have many functions in the body. Vitamins are divided into two basic classes, fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins. Among the indirect effects of vitamins on the intestinal microbiota; There are things like affecting the host immune response, changing susceptibility to infections. The microbiome is also a producer of vitamins, thus contributing to micronutrient adequacy and stability of bacterial communities in the gut. For all these reasons, vitamins can have bidirectional, direct or indirect effects on the gut microbiome without being used as an energy source. The aim of this study is to compile the effects of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K on intestinal microbiota in the light of literature.

Keywords

Gut, Microbiota, Fat soluble vitamins

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