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Investigation of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Patients with Hypertension

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 72 - 82, 30.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468

Abstract

References

  • Akın, S., & Bölük, C. (2020). Prevalence of comorbidities in patients with type–2 diabetes mellitus. Primary Care Diabetes, 14(5), 431–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. pcd.2019.12.006
  • Alberti, K. G. M. M., Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., Zimmet, P. Z., Cleeman, J. I., Donato, K. A., Fruchart, J. C., James, W. P. T., Loria, C. M., & Smith, S. C. (2009a). Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; National heart, lung, and blood institute; American heart association; World heart federation; International. Içinde Circulation (C. 120, Sayı 16, ss. 1640–1645). https://doi.org/10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644
  • Alberti, K. G. M. M., Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., Zimmet, P. Z., Cleeman, J. I., Donato, K. A., Fruchart, J. C., James, W. P. T., Loria, C. M., & Smith, S. C. (2009b). Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; National heart, lung, and blood institute; American heart association; World heart federation; International . Circulation, 120(16), 1640–1645. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644
  • Borghi, C., Fogacci, F., Agnoletti, D., & Cicero, A. F. G. (2022). Hypertension and Dyslipidemia Combined Therapeutic Approaches. Içinde High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Prevention (C. 29, Sayı 3, ss. 221–230). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-022-00507-8
  • Chimonas, T., Karagiannis, A., Athyros, V. G., Achimastos, A., Elisaf, M., & Panagiotakos, D. B. (2010). Blood pressure levels constitute the most important determinant of the metabolic syndrome in a mediterranean population: A discrimination analysis. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 8(6), 523–529. https://doi.org/10.1089/ met.2010.0023
  • Christian, A. K., Sanuade, O. A., Kushitor, S. B., Kushitor, M., Kretchy, I., Agyemang, C., & Aikins, A. de G. (2021). Metabolic syndrome among individuals living with hypertension in Accra, Ghana. Plos One, 16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0253837
  • da Silva, A. A., do Carmo, J. M., Li, X., Wang, Z., Mouton, A. J., & Hall, J. E. (2020). Role of Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance in Hypertension: Metabolic Syndrome Revisited. Içinde The Canadian journal of cardiology (C. 36, Sayı 5, ss. 671–682). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.02.066
  • Dai, S., Huang, B., Zou, Y., & Liu, Y. (2019). Associations of dipping and non-dipping hypertension with cardiovascular diseases in patients with dyslipidemia. Archives of Medical Science, 15(2), 337–342. https://doi.org/10.5114/ aoms.2018.72609
  • De La Sierra, A., Romero, R., Bonet, J., Pérez, M., Lorez, J. S., Ravella, R., & Aguilera, M. T. (2006). Prevalence and general features of the metabolic syndrome in the Spanish hypertensive population. Medicina Clinica, 126(11), 406–409. https://doi.org/10.1157/13086123
  • Ford, E. S., Giles, W. H., & Dietz, W. H. (2002). Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Journal of the American Medical Association, 287(3), 356– 359. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.3.356
  • Franco, G. P. P., Scala, L. C. N., Alves, C. J., França, G. V. A. De, Cassanelli, T., & Jardim, P. C. B. V. (2009). Metabolic syndrome in patients with high blood pressure in Cuiabá- Mato Grosso State: prevalence and associated factors. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 92(6), 437–442, 456– 461, 472–478.
  • Gundogan, K., Bayram, F., Gedik, V., Kaya, A., Karaman, A., Demir, O., Sabuncu, T., Kocer, D., & Coskun, R. (2013). Metabolic syndrome prevalence according to ATP III and IDF criteria and related factors in Turkish adults. Archives of Medical Science, 9(2), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.5114/ aoms.2013.34560
  • Katsimardou, A., Imprialos, K., Stavropoulos, K., Sachinidis, A., Doumas, M., & Athyros, V. (2019). Hypertension in Metabolic Syndrome: Novel Insights. Current Hypertension Reviews, 16(1), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573402115666190415161 813
  • Kjeldsen, S. E., Naditch-Brule, L., Perlini, S., Zidek, W., & Farsang, C. (2008). Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in uncontrolled hypertension across Europe: The Global Cardiometabolic Risk Profile in Patients with hypertension disease survey. Journal of Hypertension, 26(10), 2064– 2070. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e32830c45c3
  • Lizcano, F., & Guzmán, G. (2014). Estrogen deficiency and the origin of obesity during menopause. BioMed Research International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/757461
  • Matsuzawa, Y., Funahashi, T., & Nakamura, T. (2011). The concept of metabolic syndrome: Contribution of visceral fat accumulation and its molecular mechanism. Içinde Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (C. 18, Sayı 8, ss. 629–639). https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.7922
  • Michael, O. A., Bimbola, F. M., & Rotimi, O. (2019). The relationship between measures of obesity and atherogenic lipids among Nigerians with hypertension. Malawi Medical Journal, 31(3), 193–197. https://doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v31i3.5
  • Petrie, J. R., Guzik, T. J., & Touyz, R. M. (2018). Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Insights and Vascular Mechanisms. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 34(5), 575–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2017.12.005
  • Reaven, G. M. (1997). Banting Lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. 1988. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 13(1), 1595–1607. https://doi. org/10.2337/diabetes.37.12.1595
  • Rochlani, Y., Pothineni, N. V., Kovelamudi, S., & Mehta, J. L. (2017). Metabolic syndrome: Pathophysiology, management, and modulation by natural compounds. Içinde Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease (C. 11, Sayı 8, ss. 215–225). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi. org/10.1177/1753944717711379
  • Saklayen, M. G. (2018). The Global Epidemic of the Metabolic Syndrome. Içinde Current Hypertension Reports (C. 20, Sayı 2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-018-0812-z
  • Samson, S. L., & Garber, A. J. (2014). Metabolic syndrome. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 43(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2013.09.009
  • Strain, W. D., & Paldánius, P. M. (2018). Diabetes, cardiovascular disease and the microcirculation. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 17(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-018- 0703-2
  • Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. (2019). Obezite Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu (8. baskı).
  • Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. (2022). Hipertansiyon Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu (6. baskı).
  • Wong, R. J., & Hirode, G. (2020). Trends in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the United States, 2011-2016. New England Journal of Medicine, 323(24), 2526–2528. https:// doi.org/10.1056/nejmsr2005760
  • Xie, K., Bao, L., Jiang, X., Ye, Z., Bing, J., Dong, Y., Gao, D., Ji, X., Jiang, T., Li, J., Li, Y., Luo, S., Mao, W., Peng, D., Qu, P., Song, S., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Xu, B., … Li, Y. (2019). The association of metabolic syndrome components and chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension. Lipids in Health and Disease, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-019-1121-5

Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 72 - 82, 30.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468

Abstract

Giriş ve Amaç: Günümüzde hipertansiyon ve metabolik sendrom yaygınlığı giderek artmaktadır. Metabolik sendrom, insülin direnci zemininde gelişen diyabetes mellitus, abdominal obezite, dislipidemi ve hipertansiyon gibi sistemik bozuklukların bir arada görüldüğü bir metabolik disfonksiyondur. Çalışmamızda, hipertansiyon tanılı hastalarda hipertansiyonun metabolik sendromun diğer tanı kriterleri ile aralarındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi ve metabolik sendrom sıklığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu araştırma, 1 Aralık 2021- 1 Mart 2022 tarihleri arasında, Atatürk Üniversitesi Aile Hekimliği Ana Bilim Dalı’na bağlı olan Eğitim Aile Sağlığı Merkezi nüfusuna kayıtlı 302 adet hipertansiyon tanılı yetişkin hasta üzerinde yapılmıştır. Katılımcılara Uluslararası Diyabet Federasyonu metabolik sendrom tanı kriterlerinin dahil edildiği araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan veri toplama formu kullanılarak uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 60±9,7 yıldı. Çalışmamızda hipertansiyona en sık eşlik eden metabolik bozukluk olarak abdominal obezite (%68,5) bulunmuştur. Abdominal obeziteyi sırasıyla düşük HDL-K seviyeleri (%47,7), yüksek açlık kan glukozu seviyeleri (%42,4) ve hipertrigliseridemi (%41,7) izlemiştir. Metabolik sendromu olan hasta grubunun oranı ise %69,5 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kadınlarda metabolik sendrom olma durumu %74,7, erkeklerde ise % 62,9 olarak anlamlı idi (p<0,05).
Açlık kan glukozu ≥100 mg/dl ve trigliserit ≥150 mg/dl olanlarda metabolik sendrom olma durumu yüksek oranlarda ve ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Metabolik sendrom olma durumu, erkek katılımcılarda HDL kolesterolün <40 mg/dl ve bel çevresinin ≥100 cm olanlarda yüksek iken kadın katılımcılarda ise HDL kolesterolün <50 mg/dl ve bel çevresinin ≥90 cm olanlarda yüksek ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0,001).
Sonuç: Hipertansiyon hastalarında metabolik sendrom bileşenlerini tek tek incelediğimizde; diyabet, dislipidemi ve abdominal obezite sıklığının fazla olduğunu gördük. Metabolik sendrom tanı kriterlerini karşılayan hastaların prevalansının oldukça yüksek olduğunu gösteren sonuçlar elde ettik. Bu nedenle, birinci basamakta hipertansif hastalarda sık görülen metabolik sendrom komponentlerini taramanın ve uygun multidisipliner yönetimle hastaya yaklaşmanın çok önemli olduğunu vurguluyoruz.

References

  • Akın, S., & Bölük, C. (2020). Prevalence of comorbidities in patients with type–2 diabetes mellitus. Primary Care Diabetes, 14(5), 431–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. pcd.2019.12.006
  • Alberti, K. G. M. M., Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., Zimmet, P. Z., Cleeman, J. I., Donato, K. A., Fruchart, J. C., James, W. P. T., Loria, C. M., & Smith, S. C. (2009a). Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; National heart, lung, and blood institute; American heart association; World heart federation; International. Içinde Circulation (C. 120, Sayı 16, ss. 1640–1645). https://doi.org/10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644
  • Alberti, K. G. M. M., Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., Zimmet, P. Z., Cleeman, J. I., Donato, K. A., Fruchart, J. C., James, W. P. T., Loria, C. M., & Smith, S. C. (2009b). Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: A joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; National heart, lung, and blood institute; American heart association; World heart federation; International . Circulation, 120(16), 1640–1645. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644
  • Borghi, C., Fogacci, F., Agnoletti, D., & Cicero, A. F. G. (2022). Hypertension and Dyslipidemia Combined Therapeutic Approaches. Içinde High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Prevention (C. 29, Sayı 3, ss. 221–230). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-022-00507-8
  • Chimonas, T., Karagiannis, A., Athyros, V. G., Achimastos, A., Elisaf, M., & Panagiotakos, D. B. (2010). Blood pressure levels constitute the most important determinant of the metabolic syndrome in a mediterranean population: A discrimination analysis. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 8(6), 523–529. https://doi.org/10.1089/ met.2010.0023
  • Christian, A. K., Sanuade, O. A., Kushitor, S. B., Kushitor, M., Kretchy, I., Agyemang, C., & Aikins, A. de G. (2021). Metabolic syndrome among individuals living with hypertension in Accra, Ghana. Plos One, 16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0253837
  • da Silva, A. A., do Carmo, J. M., Li, X., Wang, Z., Mouton, A. J., & Hall, J. E. (2020). Role of Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance in Hypertension: Metabolic Syndrome Revisited. Içinde The Canadian journal of cardiology (C. 36, Sayı 5, ss. 671–682). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2020.02.066
  • Dai, S., Huang, B., Zou, Y., & Liu, Y. (2019). Associations of dipping and non-dipping hypertension with cardiovascular diseases in patients with dyslipidemia. Archives of Medical Science, 15(2), 337–342. https://doi.org/10.5114/ aoms.2018.72609
  • De La Sierra, A., Romero, R., Bonet, J., Pérez, M., Lorez, J. S., Ravella, R., & Aguilera, M. T. (2006). Prevalence and general features of the metabolic syndrome in the Spanish hypertensive population. Medicina Clinica, 126(11), 406–409. https://doi.org/10.1157/13086123
  • Ford, E. S., Giles, W. H., & Dietz, W. H. (2002). Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Journal of the American Medical Association, 287(3), 356– 359. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.3.356
  • Franco, G. P. P., Scala, L. C. N., Alves, C. J., França, G. V. A. De, Cassanelli, T., & Jardim, P. C. B. V. (2009). Metabolic syndrome in patients with high blood pressure in Cuiabá- Mato Grosso State: prevalence and associated factors. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 92(6), 437–442, 456– 461, 472–478.
  • Gundogan, K., Bayram, F., Gedik, V., Kaya, A., Karaman, A., Demir, O., Sabuncu, T., Kocer, D., & Coskun, R. (2013). Metabolic syndrome prevalence according to ATP III and IDF criteria and related factors in Turkish adults. Archives of Medical Science, 9(2), 243–253. https://doi.org/10.5114/ aoms.2013.34560
  • Katsimardou, A., Imprialos, K., Stavropoulos, K., Sachinidis, A., Doumas, M., & Athyros, V. (2019). Hypertension in Metabolic Syndrome: Novel Insights. Current Hypertension Reviews, 16(1), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573402115666190415161 813
  • Kjeldsen, S. E., Naditch-Brule, L., Perlini, S., Zidek, W., & Farsang, C. (2008). Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in uncontrolled hypertension across Europe: The Global Cardiometabolic Risk Profile in Patients with hypertension disease survey. Journal of Hypertension, 26(10), 2064– 2070. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e32830c45c3
  • Lizcano, F., & Guzmán, G. (2014). Estrogen deficiency and the origin of obesity during menopause. BioMed Research International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/757461
  • Matsuzawa, Y., Funahashi, T., & Nakamura, T. (2011). The concept of metabolic syndrome: Contribution of visceral fat accumulation and its molecular mechanism. Içinde Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (C. 18, Sayı 8, ss. 629–639). https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.7922
  • Michael, O. A., Bimbola, F. M., & Rotimi, O. (2019). The relationship between measures of obesity and atherogenic lipids among Nigerians with hypertension. Malawi Medical Journal, 31(3), 193–197. https://doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v31i3.5
  • Petrie, J. R., Guzik, T. J., & Touyz, R. M. (2018). Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Insights and Vascular Mechanisms. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 34(5), 575–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2017.12.005
  • Reaven, G. M. (1997). Banting Lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. 1988. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 13(1), 1595–1607. https://doi. org/10.2337/diabetes.37.12.1595
  • Rochlani, Y., Pothineni, N. V., Kovelamudi, S., & Mehta, J. L. (2017). Metabolic syndrome: Pathophysiology, management, and modulation by natural compounds. Içinde Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease (C. 11, Sayı 8, ss. 215–225). SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi. org/10.1177/1753944717711379
  • Saklayen, M. G. (2018). The Global Epidemic of the Metabolic Syndrome. Içinde Current Hypertension Reports (C. 20, Sayı 2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-018-0812-z
  • Samson, S. L., & Garber, A. J. (2014). Metabolic syndrome. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 43(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2013.09.009
  • Strain, W. D., & Paldánius, P. M. (2018). Diabetes, cardiovascular disease and the microcirculation. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 17(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-018- 0703-2
  • Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. (2019). Obezite Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu (8. baskı).
  • Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. (2022). Hipertansiyon Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu (6. baskı).
  • Wong, R. J., & Hirode, G. (2020). Trends in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the United States, 2011-2016. New England Journal of Medicine, 323(24), 2526–2528. https:// doi.org/10.1056/nejmsr2005760
  • Xie, K., Bao, L., Jiang, X., Ye, Z., Bing, J., Dong, Y., Gao, D., Ji, X., Jiang, T., Li, J., Li, Y., Luo, S., Mao, W., Peng, D., Qu, P., Song, S., Wang, H., Wang, Z., Xu, B., … Li, Y. (2019). The association of metabolic syndrome components and chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension. Lipids in Health and Disease, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-019-1121-5
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nurebrar Çelik 0000-0002-4846-3026

Kenan Taştan 0000-0002-6020-1379

Ezel Bilge Yerli 0000-0002-0209-0711

Publication Date September 30, 2023
Submission Date April 6, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çelik, N., Taştan, K., & Bilge Yerli, E. (2023). Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468
AMA Çelik N, Taştan K, Bilge Yerli E. Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması. EurasianJHS. September 2023;6(3):72-82. doi:10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468
Chicago Çelik, Nurebrar, Kenan Taştan, and Ezel Bilge Yerli. “Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 6, no. 3 (September 2023): 72-82. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468.
EndNote Çelik N, Taştan K, Bilge Yerli E (September 1, 2023) Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 6 3 72–82.
IEEE N. Çelik, K. Taştan, and E. Bilge Yerli, “Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması”, EurasianJHS, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 72–82, 2023, doi: 10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468.
ISNAD Çelik, Nurebrar et al. “Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 6/3 (September 2023), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468.
JAMA Çelik N, Taştan K, Bilge Yerli E. Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması. EurasianJHS. 2023;6:72–82.
MLA Çelik, Nurebrar et al. “Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 3, 2023, pp. 72-82, doi:10.53493/avrasyasbd.1278468.
Vancouver Çelik N, Taştan K, Bilge Yerli E. Hipertansiyon Tanılı Hastalarda Metabolik Sendrom Risk Faktörlerinin Araştırılması. EurasianJHS. 2023;6(3):72-8.