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INVESTIGATION AUTHORITIES’ ABILITY TO SECRETLY OBTAIN EVIDENCE FROM ELECTRONIC DEVICES THROUGH REMOTE ACTIVATION IN THE FRENCH PENAL PROCEDURAL CODE

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 126 - 150, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.55009/bilisimhukukudergisi.1382980

Abstract

The proposal that adds amends Article 230-34 with Article 230-34-1 and Article 706-96-1 with Article 706-96-2 in the French Penal Procedural Code creates an amendment allowing the collection of evidence through audio and visual recordings, as well as geolocation data, by accessing technological devices. This is particularly relevant in cases related to terrorism and organized crime. Additionally, new paragraphs have been amended to Articles 230-36 and 706-97 of the French Penal Procedural Code. As a result of these amendments, investigation authorities are for the first time in a penal procedural code, empowered to secretly obtain evidence from electronic devices through remote activation.
In this context, the current article will address how and which authorities can listen to a person during an investigation, the offenses that allow this measure to be applied, the limitations of cataloged offenses, and how eavesdropping for intelligence purposes will be conducted. Considering this information, the article will also explore the effect the regulation will primarily have on the right to defense, right to privacy, freedom of communication, and protection of personal data.

References

  • Abraha, Halefom H., Regulating law enforcement access to electronic evidence across borders: the United States approach, Information & Communications Technology Law, Volume 29, 2020 - Issue 3, 324-353.
  • Assemblée Natıonale-Rapport (23 juin 2023) Tome I
  • Assemblée Natıonale-Rapport (23 juin 2023) Tome II
  • Avocats Barreau Paris, Communiqué du Conseil de l’Ordre (17 mai 2023), https://www.avocatparis.org/communique-du-conseil-de-lordre
  • Ceffinato, Tobias, Aktuelles-Internetstrafrecht, JuS 2021, 311, BeckOnline.
  • Goodison, Sean E., Davis, Robert C., Jackson, Brian A., Digital Evidence and the U.S. Criminal Justice System, A Project of the RAND Corporation, 2005.
  • Kardell, Nicole, Remote Search Warrants and the Continued Threat to Privacy Rights, December 2014, https://www.ifrahlaw.com/crime-in-the-suites/remote-search-warrants-continued-loss-privacy/
  • Osula, Anna-Maria, Remote search and seizure in domestic criminal procedure: Estonian case study, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Volume 24, Issue 4, Winter 2016, Pages 343–373.
  • Pfeifle, Anne, Alexa, What Should We Do about Privacy: Protecting Privacy for Users of Voice-Activated Devices, Washington Law Review, vol. 93, no. 1, March 2018, pp. 421-458.
  • The Impact of Pegasus on Fundamental Rights and Democratic Processes, European Parliament, January 2023.
  • Weisburd, Kate, Sentenced to Surveillance: Fourth Amendment Limits on Electronic Monitoring, 98 N.C. L. REV. 717 (2020).

FRANSIZ CEZA MUHAKEMESİ KANUNU'NDA SORUŞTURMA MAKAMLARININ UZAKTAN ETKİNLEŞTİRME YOLUYLA ELEKTRONİK CİHAZLARDAN GİZLİCE DELİL ELDE EDEBİLMESİ

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 126 - 150, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.55009/bilisimhukukudergisi.1382980

Abstract

Fransız Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu’na 230‑34 maddesinden sonra 230‑34‑1 maddesini ve 706‑96‑1 maddesinden sonra 706‑96‑2 ekleyerek değişiklik yapan yasa tasarısı ile özellikle terör suçları ve organize suçlar bakımından yürütülen soruşturmalarda uzaktan aktivasyon yöntemiyle ses ve görüntü kaydı yapılarak elektronik cihazlardan delil elde edilmesini ve yer tespiti için teknolojik cihazlara erişilmesini mümkün kılan bir düzenleme yapılmıştır. Aynı şekilde Fransız Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu madde 230-36 ve 706-97’ye yeni fıkralar eklenmiştir. Değişiklikler ve eklemeler neticesinde, soruşturma makamlarının uzaktan erişim yoluyla elektronik cihazlardan gizlice delil elde etmesi uluslararası alanda ceza muhakemesi kanununa ilk kez getirilmektedir.
Bu bağlamda çalışmada, soruşturma evresinde suç şüphesi altında bulunan kimsenin elektronik cihazlarının ne şekilde kimler tarafından dinlenebileceği, söz konusu tedbirin hangi suçlarda uygulanacağı, katalog suç sınırlaması ve istihbarat amaçlı dinlemelerin ne şekilde yapılacağı ele alınacaktır. Bu bilgiler ışığında söz konusu düzenlemenin savunma hakkı başta olmak üzere, özel hayatın gizliliğine, haberleşme hürriyetine, kişisel verilerin korunmasına etkisi değerlendirilecektir.

References

  • Abraha, Halefom H., Regulating law enforcement access to electronic evidence across borders: the United States approach, Information & Communications Technology Law, Volume 29, 2020 - Issue 3, 324-353.
  • Assemblée Natıonale-Rapport (23 juin 2023) Tome I
  • Assemblée Natıonale-Rapport (23 juin 2023) Tome II
  • Avocats Barreau Paris, Communiqué du Conseil de l’Ordre (17 mai 2023), https://www.avocatparis.org/communique-du-conseil-de-lordre
  • Ceffinato, Tobias, Aktuelles-Internetstrafrecht, JuS 2021, 311, BeckOnline.
  • Goodison, Sean E., Davis, Robert C., Jackson, Brian A., Digital Evidence and the U.S. Criminal Justice System, A Project of the RAND Corporation, 2005.
  • Kardell, Nicole, Remote Search Warrants and the Continued Threat to Privacy Rights, December 2014, https://www.ifrahlaw.com/crime-in-the-suites/remote-search-warrants-continued-loss-privacy/
  • Osula, Anna-Maria, Remote search and seizure in domestic criminal procedure: Estonian case study, International Journal of Law and Information Technology, Volume 24, Issue 4, Winter 2016, Pages 343–373.
  • Pfeifle, Anne, Alexa, What Should We Do about Privacy: Protecting Privacy for Users of Voice-Activated Devices, Washington Law Review, vol. 93, no. 1, March 2018, pp. 421-458.
  • The Impact of Pegasus on Fundamental Rights and Democratic Processes, European Parliament, January 2023.
  • Weisburd, Kate, Sentenced to Surveillance: Fourth Amendment Limits on Electronic Monitoring, 98 N.C. L. REV. 717 (2020).
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Information and Technology Law
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Murat Balcı 0000-0002-8506-7911

Kerim Çakır 0000-0003-1821-9935

Early Pub Date December 29, 2023
Publication Date December 29, 2023
Submission Date October 29, 2023
Acceptance Date December 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

Chicago Balcı, Murat, and Kerim Çakır. “INVESTIGATION AUTHORITIES’ ABILITY TO SECRETLY OBTAIN EVIDENCE FROM ELECTRONIC DEVICES THROUGH REMOTE ACTIVATION IN THE FRENCH PENAL PROCEDURAL CODE”. Bilişim Hukuku Dergisi 5, no. 2 (December 2023): 126-50. https://doi.org/10.55009/bilisimhukukudergisi.1382980.

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