Colorectal Cancer And Immunotherapy

Year 2017, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 131 - 137, 13.01.2017

Suna Çokmert , Zekiye Altun İlhan Öztop Nur Olgun

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in both genders and
the third most common cause of cancer related deaths. One million CRC patients
are newly diagnosed annually and more than 20% of them are metastatic at the
time of diagnosis. About 50% of patients diagnosed at an early stage develop
relapse and metastasis on follow up. Although new advances in the treatment
increased the survival rates of patients with metastatic disease, need for new
treatment choices is still present. Increased knowledge on the preventive role
of immune system in tumor formation, growth and metastasis draws attention to
this field for new therapies. Since treatment modalities under the heading of
immunotherapy yield favorable responses in many types of cancer, its use in CRC
is also investigated. The aim of this study is to analyze known immune response
mechanisms against CRC and immune escape mechanisms developed by tumor and
present knowledge on current and future immunotherapy modalities for CRC.

Keywords

Colon, Rectum, Cancer, Immunity

Kolorektal Kanser ve İmmünoterapi

Abstract

Kolorektal kanser (KRK), her iki cinste üçüncü en sık görülen kanser türü
olup, kanser ilişkili ölüm nedenleri arasında da yine üçüncü sırada yer
almaktadır. Her yıl yeni tanı alan yaklaşık 1 milyon KRK hastasının % 20’sinden
fazlası tanı anında metastatik iken, erken evrede tanı alan hastaların yaklaşık
% 50’sinde takipte relaps ve metastaz geliştiği izlenmektedir. Son yıllarda
tedavi alanındaki gelişmeler metastatik safhadaki hastaların sağ kalım
oranlarını arttırmış olsa da, yeni tedavi seçeneklerine olan ihtiyaç devam
etmektedir. İmmün sistemin tümörün oluşumu, büyümesi ve metastazının
önlenmesinde önemli rol oynayabileceğine dair artan bilgiler dikkatleri tedavi
açısından bu alana çekmektedir. İmmünoterapi başlığı altındaki tedaviler, pek
çok kanser türünde olumlu yanıtlar alınması nedeniyle KRK’de de
araştırılmaktadır. Bu yazının amacı; KRK’e karşı bilinen immün yanıt
mekanizmaları ve tümör tarafından geliştirilen immün kaçış mekanizmalarının
analizi ve KRK için günümüz ve gelecekteki immünoterapi seçenekleri hakkında
bilgileri sunabilmektir.

Keywords

Kolon, Rektum, Cancer, İmmünite

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