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Soda-Potasyum Borhidrür Yöntemiyle Fıstık Çamı Öz ve Diri Odunlarından Elde Edilen Kağıt Hamurlarının Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1894 - 1902, 31.07.2020

Saniye Erkan Mustafa Çiçekler Ahmet Tutuş

Abstract

Bu çalışmada fıstık çamı öz ve diri odunlarından elde edilen kağıt hamurlarının özelliklerinin karşılaştırılması ve pişirme işlemlerinde koruyucu ajan olarak kullanılan potasyum borhidrürün (KBH4) kağıt hamuru özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. KBH4 oranı değiştirilerek öz ve diri odunlara sekiz farklı pişirme deneyi uygulanmıştır. Pişirme deneyleri sonucundan elde edilen kağıt hamurlarının bazı kimyasal, fiziksel ve optik özellikleri belirlenmiş ve KBH4’ün bu özellikler üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Öz odunun içerdiği yüksek ekstraktif maddelerden dolayı kağıt hamur verimi diri odundan yaklaşık %24 daha düşük çıkmıştır. Pişirme işlemlerinde KBH4 kullanımı ile diri odun hamur verimleri artarken öz odun hamur verimlerinde düşüşler meydana gelmiştir. Diri odunlardan elde edilen kağıt hamurlarının kappa numaraları ve viskozite değerlerinin öz odun hamurlarından daha iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pişirme çözeltisine ilave edilen KBH4 diri odunu hamurlarının kappa numaralarını yükseltirken öz odunu hamurlarınkini düşürmüştür. Diri odun ve öz odun hamurlarının optik özellikleri arasında belirgin bir fark bulunmazken diri odun hamurlarının fiziksel özellikleri öz oduna nazaran daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, KBH4 kullanımı her iki kağıt hamuru türünün de optik özelliklerini iyileştirmiştir.

Keywords

Diri odun Fıstık çamı Kağıt hamuru Öz odun Potasyum borhidrür

References

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  • [2] A. Tutuş and M. Çiçekler, “Evaluation of common wheat stubbles (Triticum aestivum L.) for pulp and paper production,” Drv. Ind., vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 271–279, 2016, doi: 10.5552/drind.2016.1603.
  • [3] A. Istek and I. Özkan, “Effect of sodium borohydride on Populus tremula L. kraft pulping,” Turkish J. Agric. For., vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 131–136, 2008, doi: 10.3906/tar-0709-21.
  • [4] M. Akgul, I. Erdonmez, M. Cicekler, and A. Tutus, “The Investigations on Pulp and Paper Production with Modified Kraft Pulping Method from Canola (Brassica napus L.) Stalks,” Kastamonu Univ. J. For. Fac., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 357–365, 2018.
  • [5] M. Cicekler and A. Tutus, “Effects of potassium borohydride on the Pinus brutia pulp properties,” KSU J Eng Sci, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 38–47, 2019.
  • [6] A. Tutus, M. Cicekler, and A. Ayaz, “Evaluation of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) wood on pulp and paper production,” Turkish J. For., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 61–67, 2016.
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  • [8] I. Pinto, H. Pereira, and A. Usenius, “Heartwood and sapwood development within maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) stems,” Trees - Struct. Funct., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 284–294, 2004, doi: 10.1007/s00468-003-0305-8.
  • [9] Y. Bozkurt, Wood Anatomy, İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, 1992.
  • [10] E. Sjöström, “The Structure of Wood,” in Wood Chemistry, 1993, pp. 1–20.
  • [11] B. Esteves, J. Gominho, J. C. Rodrigues, I. Miranda, and H. Pereira, “Pulping yield and delignification kinetics of heartwood and sapwood of maritime pine,” J. Wood Chem. Technol., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 217–230, 2005, doi: 10.1080/02773810500366656.
  • [12] H. Pereira, J. Graca, and J. C. Rodrigues, “Wood Chemistry in Relation to Quality,” ChemInform, vol. 35, no. 46, 2004, doi: 10.1002/chin.200446298.
  • [13] L. H. Allen, “Pitch Control in Paper Mills,” in Pitch Control, Wood Resin and Deresination, no. 13, M. Ek, G. Gellerstedt, and G. Henriksson, Eds. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2000, pp. 307–328.
  • [14] Y. Ataç and H. Eroǧlu, “The effects of heartwood and sapwood on kraft pulp properties of Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold and Abies bornmuelleriana Mattf,” Turkish J. Agric. For., vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 243–248, 2013, doi: 10.3906/tar-1205-20.
  • [15] A. Lourenço, J. Gominho, and H. Pereira, “Pulping and delignification of sapwood and heartwood from Eucalyptus Globulus,” J. Pulp Pap. Sci., vol. 36, no. 3–4, pp. 85–90, 2010.
  • [16] H. Gao, L. P. Zhang, and S. Q. Liu, “Comparison of KP pulping properties between heartwood and sapwood of Cedrus Deodara (Roxb.) G. Don,” in Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2011, vol. 55–57, pp. 1778–1784, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.55-57.1778.
  • [17] A. Lourenço, I. Baptista, J. Gominho, and H. Pereira, “The influence of heartwood on the pulping properties of Acacia melanoxylon wood,” J. Wood Sci., vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 464–469, 2008, doi: 10.1007/s10086-008-0972-6.
  • [18] M. Pydimalla, N. S. Reddy, and R. B. Adusumalli, “Characterization of subabul heartwood and sapwood pulps after cooking and bleaching,” Cellul. Chem. Technol., vol. 53, no. 5–6, pp. 479–492, 2019, doi: 10.35812/CelluloseChemTechnol.2019.53.48.
  • [19] S. Erkan, “Determination to chemical and morphological properties of heartwood and sapwood of peanut pine and black locust,” M.S. thesis, Forest Industry Engineering, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,Turkey, 2012.
  • [20] S. Erkan, I. Bektas, and A. Tutus, “Morphological and chemical properties of sapwood and heartwood of the stone pine,” in Proceeding of the 3rd International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress, 2018, pp. 1144–1148.
  • [21] E. Brännvall, “Pulping Technology,” in Pulping Chemistry and Technology, M. Ek, G. Gellerstedt, and G. Henriksson, Eds. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2009.
  • [22] P. Rayirath and S. Avramidis, “Some aspects of western hemlock air permeability,” Maderas Cienc. y Tecnol., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 185–194, 2008, doi: 10.4067/S0718-221X2008000300002.
  • [23] S. Mariana, M. Torres, A. Fernandez, and E. Morales, “Effects of Eucalyptus nitens heartwood in kraft pulping,” Tappi J., vol. 4, pp. 8–10, 2005.
  • [24] J. Gominho et al., “Variation of wood pulping and bleached pulp properties along the stem in mature Eucalyptus globulus trees,” BioResources, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 7808–7816, 2015, doi: 10.15376/biores.10.4.7808-7816.
  • [25] I. Miranda, J. Gominho, A. Lourenço, and H. Pereira, “Heartwood, extractives and pulp yield of three Eucalyptus globulus clones grown in two sites,” Appita J., vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 485–500, 2007.
  • [26] H. Gao, L. P. Zhang, and S. Q. Liu, “Comparison of KP pulping properties between heartwood and sapwood of poplar I-69,” in Advanced Materials Research, 2011, vol. 236–238, pp. 1437–1441, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.236-238.1437.
  • [27] A. Gencer and H. Turkmen, “Determination of paper production conditions of wild cherry heartwood and sapwood,” J. Bartın Fac. For., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 23–31, 2016.
  • [28] M. Akgül, Y. Çöpür, and S. Temiz, “A comparison of kraft and kraft-sodium borohydrate brutia pine pulps,” Build. Environ., vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 2586–2590, 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.07.022.
  • [29] A. Tutus, M. Cicekler, F. Ozdemir, and U. Yilmaz, “Evaluation of Diospyros kaki Grown in Kahramanmaraş in Pulp and Paper Production,” in Proceeding of the II. National Mediterranean Forest and Environment Symposium, 2014, pp. 775–784.
  • [30] Hader H. Alzate Gil et al., “Study of the enzymatic / neutral deinking process of waste photocopy paper,” O Pap., vol. 74, pp. 61–65, 2013.
  • [31] S. K. Gulsoy, S. Oguz, S. Uysal, S. Simsir, and M. Tas, “The Influence of potassium borohydride (KBH4) on kraft pulp properties of Maritime pine,” J. Bartın Fac. For., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 103–106, 2016.
  • [32] Y. Copur and A. Tozluoglu, “A comparison of kraft, PS, kraft-AQ and kraft-NaBH4 pulps of Brutia pine,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 99, no. 5, pp. 909–913, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.04.015.
  • [33] S. K. Gulsoy and H. Eroglu, “Influence of sodium borohydride on kraft pulping of European black pine as a digester additive,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 2441–2444, 2011, doi: 10.1021/ie101999p.
  • [34] A. Istek and E. Gonteki, “Utilization of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in kraft pulping process,” J. Environ. Biol., vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 951–953, 2009.
  • [35] A. Saracbasi, H. T. Sahin, and A. Karademir, “Effects of sodium borohydride addition to kraft pulping process of some pine species,” J. For. Res., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 134–143, 2016, doi: 10.17568/oad.19661.
  • [36] I. Deniz, O. T. Okan, B. Serdar, and H. İ. Şahin, “Kraft and modified kraft pulping of bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides),” Drewno, vol. 60, no. 200, pp. 79–94, 2017, doi: 10.12841/wood.1644-3985.224.05.
  • [37] A. R. Saraeian, G. R. A. Khalili, M. Aliabadi, and G. N. . Dahmardeh, “Comparison of soda and kraft pulp properties of Populus deltoides sapwood and heartwood,” Wood For. Sci. Technol., vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 125–138, 2011.
  • [38] J. A. Clark, Pulp Technology. California: Miller Freeman Publications, 1978.

Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 1894 - 1902, 31.07.2020

Saniye Erkan Mustafa Çiçekler Ahmet Tutuş

Abstract

This study was aimed to compare pulp properties of Pinus pinea heartwood and sapwood pulp obtained from modified soda method and to investigate effects of potassium borohydride (KBH4) used as a protective agent in cooking processes. Eight different cooking experiments were applied to the heartwood and sapwood samples by changing KBH4 ratio. The effects of KBH4 on some chemical, physical and optical properties of pulps obtained from cooking processes were determined. Due to high content of soluble extraction of heartwood, yield of heartwood pulp was approximately 24% lower than that of sapwood pulp. Using KBH4 in pulping processes increased sapwood pulp yield, while it has a decreasing impact on heartwood pulp yield. Kappa number and viscosity values of sapwood pulps were better than those of heartwood pulps. With addition of KBH4 to liquor there was increased kappa numbers of sapwood pulp in contrast to heartwood. In generally, physical properties of sapwood pulp are better than that of heartwood pulp. But, there are no significant difference in optical properties between heartwood and sapwood pulp. With no regard to the type of pulps used, the pulp optical properties were improved by using KBH4 in pulping processes.

Keywords

Heartwood Pinus pinea Potassium borohydride Pulp Sapwood

References

  • [1] S. Ateş, İ. Deniz, H. Kirci, C. Atik, and O. T. Okan, “Comparison of pulping and bleaching behaviors of some agricultural residues,” Turkish J. Agric. For., vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 144–153, 2014, doi: 10.3906/tar-1403-41.
  • [2] A. Tutuş and M. Çiçekler, “Evaluation of common wheat stubbles (Triticum aestivum L.) for pulp and paper production,” Drv. Ind., vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 271–279, 2016, doi: 10.5552/drind.2016.1603.
  • [3] A. Istek and I. Özkan, “Effect of sodium borohydride on Populus tremula L. kraft pulping,” Turkish J. Agric. For., vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 131–136, 2008, doi: 10.3906/tar-0709-21.
  • [4] M. Akgul, I. Erdonmez, M. Cicekler, and A. Tutus, “The Investigations on Pulp and Paper Production with Modified Kraft Pulping Method from Canola (Brassica napus L.) Stalks,” Kastamonu Univ. J. For. Fac., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 357–365, 2018.
  • [5] M. Cicekler and A. Tutus, “Effects of potassium borohydride on the Pinus brutia pulp properties,” KSU J Eng Sci, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 38–47, 2019.
  • [6] A. Tutus, M. Cicekler, and A. Ayaz, “Evaluation of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) wood on pulp and paper production,” Turkish J. For., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 61–67, 2016.
  • [7] Y. Bozkurt, N. Erdin, and A. Unligil, Wood Patology, İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, 1995.
  • [8] I. Pinto, H. Pereira, and A. Usenius, “Heartwood and sapwood development within maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) stems,” Trees - Struct. Funct., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 284–294, 2004, doi: 10.1007/s00468-003-0305-8.
  • [9] Y. Bozkurt, Wood Anatomy, İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul University, Faculty of Forestry, 1992.
  • [10] E. Sjöström, “The Structure of Wood,” in Wood Chemistry, 1993, pp. 1–20.
  • [11] B. Esteves, J. Gominho, J. C. Rodrigues, I. Miranda, and H. Pereira, “Pulping yield and delignification kinetics of heartwood and sapwood of maritime pine,” J. Wood Chem. Technol., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 217–230, 2005, doi: 10.1080/02773810500366656.
  • [12] H. Pereira, J. Graca, and J. C. Rodrigues, “Wood Chemistry in Relation to Quality,” ChemInform, vol. 35, no. 46, 2004, doi: 10.1002/chin.200446298.
  • [13] L. H. Allen, “Pitch Control in Paper Mills,” in Pitch Control, Wood Resin and Deresination, no. 13, M. Ek, G. Gellerstedt, and G. Henriksson, Eds. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2000, pp. 307–328.
  • [14] Y. Ataç and H. Eroǧlu, “The effects of heartwood and sapwood on kraft pulp properties of Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold and Abies bornmuelleriana Mattf,” Turkish J. Agric. For., vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 243–248, 2013, doi: 10.3906/tar-1205-20.
  • [15] A. Lourenço, J. Gominho, and H. Pereira, “Pulping and delignification of sapwood and heartwood from Eucalyptus Globulus,” J. Pulp Pap. Sci., vol. 36, no. 3–4, pp. 85–90, 2010.
  • [16] H. Gao, L. P. Zhang, and S. Q. Liu, “Comparison of KP pulping properties between heartwood and sapwood of Cedrus Deodara (Roxb.) G. Don,” in Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2011, vol. 55–57, pp. 1778–1784, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.55-57.1778.
  • [17] A. Lourenço, I. Baptista, J. Gominho, and H. Pereira, “The influence of heartwood on the pulping properties of Acacia melanoxylon wood,” J. Wood Sci., vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 464–469, 2008, doi: 10.1007/s10086-008-0972-6.
  • [18] M. Pydimalla, N. S. Reddy, and R. B. Adusumalli, “Characterization of subabul heartwood and sapwood pulps after cooking and bleaching,” Cellul. Chem. Technol., vol. 53, no. 5–6, pp. 479–492, 2019, doi: 10.35812/CelluloseChemTechnol.2019.53.48.
  • [19] S. Erkan, “Determination to chemical and morphological properties of heartwood and sapwood of peanut pine and black locust,” M.S. thesis, Forest Industry Engineering, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş,Turkey, 2012.
  • [20] S. Erkan, I. Bektas, and A. Tutus, “Morphological and chemical properties of sapwood and heartwood of the stone pine,” in Proceeding of the 3rd International Mediterranean Science and Engineering Congress, 2018, pp. 1144–1148.
  • [21] E. Brännvall, “Pulping Technology,” in Pulping Chemistry and Technology, M. Ek, G. Gellerstedt, and G. Henriksson, Eds. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2009.
  • [22] P. Rayirath and S. Avramidis, “Some aspects of western hemlock air permeability,” Maderas Cienc. y Tecnol., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 185–194, 2008, doi: 10.4067/S0718-221X2008000300002.
  • [23] S. Mariana, M. Torres, A. Fernandez, and E. Morales, “Effects of Eucalyptus nitens heartwood in kraft pulping,” Tappi J., vol. 4, pp. 8–10, 2005.
  • [24] J. Gominho et al., “Variation of wood pulping and bleached pulp properties along the stem in mature Eucalyptus globulus trees,” BioResources, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 7808–7816, 2015, doi: 10.15376/biores.10.4.7808-7816.
  • [25] I. Miranda, J. Gominho, A. Lourenço, and H. Pereira, “Heartwood, extractives and pulp yield of three Eucalyptus globulus clones grown in two sites,” Appita J., vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 485–500, 2007.
  • [26] H. Gao, L. P. Zhang, and S. Q. Liu, “Comparison of KP pulping properties between heartwood and sapwood of poplar I-69,” in Advanced Materials Research, 2011, vol. 236–238, pp. 1437–1441, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.236-238.1437.
  • [27] A. Gencer and H. Turkmen, “Determination of paper production conditions of wild cherry heartwood and sapwood,” J. Bartın Fac. For., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 23–31, 2016.
  • [28] M. Akgül, Y. Çöpür, and S. Temiz, “A comparison of kraft and kraft-sodium borohydrate brutia pine pulps,” Build. Environ., vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 2586–2590, 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.07.022.
  • [29] A. Tutus, M. Cicekler, F. Ozdemir, and U. Yilmaz, “Evaluation of Diospyros kaki Grown in Kahramanmaraş in Pulp and Paper Production,” in Proceeding of the II. National Mediterranean Forest and Environment Symposium, 2014, pp. 775–784.
  • [30] Hader H. Alzate Gil et al., “Study of the enzymatic / neutral deinking process of waste photocopy paper,” O Pap., vol. 74, pp. 61–65, 2013.
  • [31] S. K. Gulsoy, S. Oguz, S. Uysal, S. Simsir, and M. Tas, “The Influence of potassium borohydride (KBH4) on kraft pulp properties of Maritime pine,” J. Bartın Fac. For., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 103–106, 2016.
  • [32] Y. Copur and A. Tozluoglu, “A comparison of kraft, PS, kraft-AQ and kraft-NaBH4 pulps of Brutia pine,” Bioresour. Technol., vol. 99, no. 5, pp. 909–913, 2008, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.04.015.
  • [33] S. K. Gulsoy and H. Eroglu, “Influence of sodium borohydride on kraft pulping of European black pine as a digester additive,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 2441–2444, 2011, doi: 10.1021/ie101999p.
  • [34] A. Istek and E. Gonteki, “Utilization of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in kraft pulping process,” J. Environ. Biol., vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 951–953, 2009.
  • [35] A. Saracbasi, H. T. Sahin, and A. Karademir, “Effects of sodium borohydride addition to kraft pulping process of some pine species,” J. For. Res., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 134–143, 2016, doi: 10.17568/oad.19661.
  • [36] I. Deniz, O. T. Okan, B. Serdar, and H. İ. Şahin, “Kraft and modified kraft pulping of bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides),” Drewno, vol. 60, no. 200, pp. 79–94, 2017, doi: 10.12841/wood.1644-3985.224.05.
  • [37] A. R. Saraeian, G. R. A. Khalili, M. Aliabadi, and G. N. . Dahmardeh, “Comparison of soda and kraft pulp properties of Populus deltoides sapwood and heartwood,” Wood For. Sci. Technol., vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 125–138, 2011.
  • [38] J. A. Clark, Pulp Technology. California: Miller Freeman Publications, 1978.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Saniye Erkan 0000-0002-6549-8319

Mustafa Çiçekler 0000-0001-5793-2827

Ahmet Tutuş 0000-0003-2922-4916

Publication Date July 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Erkan, S., Çiçekler, M., & Tutuş, A. (2020). Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 8(3), 1894-1902.
AMA Erkan S, Çiçekler M, Tutuş A. Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method. DUBİTED. July 2020;8(3):1894-1902.
Chicago Erkan, Saniye, Mustafa Çiçekler, and Ahmet Tutuş. “Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 8, no. 3 (July 2020): 1894-1902.
EndNote Erkan S, Çiçekler M, Tutuş A (July 1, 2020) Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 8 3 1894–1902.
IEEE S. Erkan, M. Çiçekler, and A. Tutuş, “Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method”, DUBİTED, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1894–1902, 2020.
ISNAD Erkan, Saniye et al. “Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 8/3 (July 2020), 1894-1902.
JAMA Erkan S, Çiçekler M, Tutuş A. Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method. DUBİTED. 2020;8:1894–1902.
MLA Erkan, Saniye et al. “Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 8, no. 3, 2020, pp. 1894-02.
Vancouver Erkan S, Çiçekler M, Tutuş A. Comparison of Pinus Pinea Heartwood and Sapwood Pulps Obtained by Soda-Potassium Borohydride Method. DUBİTED. 2020;8(3):1894-902.