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İşletme Yükleri Değişen Betonarme Kaset Döşemelerin CFRP ile Düşey Yük Kapasitelerinin Arttırılması

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 411 - 421, 01.01.2024

Abstract

Lifli polimer kompozitlerle güçlendirme hızla yaygınlaşan yeni nesil güçlendirme tekniklerindendir. Karbon esaslı lifli polimerler (CFRP) betonarme yapı elemanlarının eğilme ve kesme kapasitelerinin artışının yanı sıra durabilite yönünden de etkili çözümler oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle mimari fonksiyonun korunması gereken yapılarda geleneksel güçlendirme tekniklerine göre daha uygundur. Çalışmanın konusu, DBYBHY2007’ye göre tasarım ve analizleri tamamlanan, Çorlu’da konvansiyonel betonarme yöntemi ile inşaa edilmiş, çift yönlü dişli döşemelerin kullanıldığı çerçeve sistemli mevcut ilaç üretim tesisinin, değişen işletme yükleri altında TBDY2018 esaslarına göre deprem performansının belirlenmesi ve çift yönlü dişli döşemelerin düşey yük kapasitelerinin artışı için CFRP’lerin kullanımının uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesidir. Uygulamada özellikle CFRP’ler ile gerçekleştirilecek güçlendirmenin etkinliği çalışma kapsamında araştırılmıştır. Yapı deprem performansı belirlendikten sonra yapıda artması öngörülen işletme yükleri sebebiyle oluşacak ilave tesirlerin CFRP’lerin kullanıldığı güçlendirme ile gerçekleştirilmesi projelendirilmiş ve sahada uygulanmıştır. İlaç tesisleri mimari fonksiyon özel olarak belirlendiği alanlardır. İlaç tesisi gibi oldukça hijyenik bir ortamda güçlendirme alternatifleri araştırılmış ve yapısal güvenlik karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Yapının deprem güçlendirme uygulamasında kompozit malzemelerle güçlendirmenin avantajlarından yararlanılmış ve geleneksel yöntemlere göre avantaj ve dezavantajları belirlenmiştir.

References

  • [1] İ. Aka, F. Keskinel, F. Çılı and O. C. Celik, Betonarme. İstanbul, Birsen Press, 2001.
  • [2] Z. Celep, Betonarme Yapılar. İstanbul, Beta Press, 2005.
  • [3] K. Darılmaz, Depreme Dayanıklı Betonarme Binaların Tasarımına Giriş. İstanbul, Yapı Yazılım Press, 2012.
  • [4] TBEC-2018, “Turkish building earthquake code 2018,” Official Newspaper of Turkey: Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, 2018.
  • [5] P. Inci, C. Goksu, E. Tore, E. Binbir, A. O. Ates, and A. Ilki, "Assessment Of seismic demand and damping of a reinforced concrete building after CFRP jacketing of columns," Structural Engineering and Mechanics, vol .82, no. 5, pp.651-665, 2022. doi:10.12989/sem.2022.82.5.651
  • [6] A. Ilki, E. Tore, C. Demir and M. Comert, "Seismic performance of a full-scale FRP retrofitted sub-standard RC building," 16th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki, Greece, vol.46, pp.519-544, 2018. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75741-4_22
  • [7] A. Ilki, O. Peker, E. Karamuk, C. Demir and N. Kumbasar, "FRP retrofit of low and medium strength circular and rectangular reinforced concrete columns," Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 20, no. 2 pp. 169-188, 2008. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2008)20:2(169)
  • [8] A. Ilki, N. Kumbasar and V. Koc, "Low strength concrete members externally confined with FRP sheets," Structural engineering and mechanics: An international journal, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 167-194, 2004. doi:10.12989/sem.2004.18.2.167
  • [9] O. Anıl, N. Kaya and O. Arslan, "Strengthening of one way RC slab with opening using CFRP strips," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 48, pp. 883-893, 2013. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.07.093
  • [10] O. Enochsson, J. Lundqvist, B. Taljsten, P. Rusinowski and T. Olofsson, "CFRP strengthened openings in two-way concrete slabs an experimental and numerical study," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 810-826, 2007. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.06.009
  • [11] R. Ghoroubı, O. Mercimek, A. Ozdemir and O. Anil, "Experimental investigation of damaged square short RC columns with low slenderness retrofitted by CFRP strips under axial load," Structures. Elsevier, vol. 28, pp. 170-180, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2020.08.068
  • [12] M. Emara, A. Hamoda and J. W. Hu, "Numerical assessment of rectangular one and two-way RC slabs strengthened with CFRP under impact loads," Computers and Concrete, vol. 31, no. 3, pp.173-184, 2023. doi:10.12989/cac.2023.31.3.173
  • [13] A. Türer, O. Mercimek and Y. Erbaş, "Experimental and numerical investigation of punching behavior of two-way RC slab with different opening locations and sizes strengthened with CFRP strip," Structures, vol. 49, pp. 918-942, 2023. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2023.01.157
  • [14] O. Mercimek, R. Ghoroubi, Y. Erbaş and Ö. Anil, "Comparison of strengthening methods to improve punching behavior of two-way RC flat slabs," Structures, vol. 46, pp. 1495-1516, 2022. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2022.11.018
  • [15] M. Jung and G. Markou, “Numerical investigation of retrofitting waffle slabs with carbon fibre reinforced polymer plates,” 9th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, COMPDYN 2023, Athens, Greece, June 12-14, 2023.
  • [16] A. Bal and A. M. Kılıç, “Investigation of strenghtening an existing five-storey RC residential structure with fiber reinforced polymers,” 2nd International Architecture and Design Congress, Çanakkale, Turkey, October. Güven Plus Press, 2018. pp. 1161-1169.
  • [17] A. Bal and A. M. Kılıç, “Comparison of CFRP and steel jacketing methods applications for retrofitting an existing concrete industrial structure in earthquake effect,” VI. International Earthquake Symposium Kocaeli, IESKO 2019, Kocaeli, Turkey, KUV Press, 2019. pp. 207-212.
  • [18] TEC-2007, “Turkish earthquake code 2007,” Official Newspaper of Turkey: Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, 2007.
  • [19] Earthquake Hazard Map AFAD, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/deprem-tehlike-haritasi. [Accessed: Sept., 2022].
  • [20] SAP2000, C. S. I. “Analysis reference manual, structural analysis program,” Computers and Structures, Inc., California, Berkeley, 2016.
  • [21] ACI 440.2R-08, “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures,” American Concrete Institute, 2008.
  • [22] ACI 318-08, "Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary." American Concrete Institute, 2008.

Increasing the Vertical Load Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Waffle Slabs With Varying Operating Loads Using CFRP

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 411 - 421, 01.01.2024

Abstract

Retrofit with fiber polymer composites is one of the new generations retrofitting techniques that is rapidly becoming widespread. CFRP provide effective solutions in terms of durability as well as increasing the flexural strength and shearing capacities of RC structural elements. It is more suitable than traditional retrofitting techniques, especially in buildings where the architectural function must be preserved. The subject of the study is to determine the earthquake performance according to TBEC2018 principles of the existing medicine production facility with a frame system, which was built with conventional RC method in Çorlu. In practice, the effectiveness of retrofitting with CFRPs was investigated within the scope of the study. After determining the earthquake performance of the building, the realization of the additional effects that will occur due to the operating loads expected to increase on the structure, with the retrofit using CFRPs, was designed and applied on the site. In a highly hygienic environment, retrofitting alternatives have been investigated and structural safety comparison has been made. In the earthquake retrofitting application of the building, the advantages of retrofit with composite materials were utilized and advantages and disadvantages were determined compared to traditional methods.

References

  • [1] İ. Aka, F. Keskinel, F. Çılı and O. C. Celik, Betonarme. İstanbul, Birsen Press, 2001.
  • [2] Z. Celep, Betonarme Yapılar. İstanbul, Beta Press, 2005.
  • [3] K. Darılmaz, Depreme Dayanıklı Betonarme Binaların Tasarımına Giriş. İstanbul, Yapı Yazılım Press, 2012.
  • [4] TBEC-2018, “Turkish building earthquake code 2018,” Official Newspaper of Turkey: Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, 2018.
  • [5] P. Inci, C. Goksu, E. Tore, E. Binbir, A. O. Ates, and A. Ilki, "Assessment Of seismic demand and damping of a reinforced concrete building after CFRP jacketing of columns," Structural Engineering and Mechanics, vol .82, no. 5, pp.651-665, 2022. doi:10.12989/sem.2022.82.5.651
  • [6] A. Ilki, E. Tore, C. Demir and M. Comert, "Seismic performance of a full-scale FRP retrofitted sub-standard RC building," 16th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki, Greece, vol.46, pp.519-544, 2018. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75741-4_22
  • [7] A. Ilki, O. Peker, E. Karamuk, C. Demir and N. Kumbasar, "FRP retrofit of low and medium strength circular and rectangular reinforced concrete columns," Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 20, no. 2 pp. 169-188, 2008. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2008)20:2(169)
  • [8] A. Ilki, N. Kumbasar and V. Koc, "Low strength concrete members externally confined with FRP sheets," Structural engineering and mechanics: An international journal, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 167-194, 2004. doi:10.12989/sem.2004.18.2.167
  • [9] O. Anıl, N. Kaya and O. Arslan, "Strengthening of one way RC slab with opening using CFRP strips," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 48, pp. 883-893, 2013. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.07.093
  • [10] O. Enochsson, J. Lundqvist, B. Taljsten, P. Rusinowski and T. Olofsson, "CFRP strengthened openings in two-way concrete slabs an experimental and numerical study," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 810-826, 2007. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.06.009
  • [11] R. Ghoroubı, O. Mercimek, A. Ozdemir and O. Anil, "Experimental investigation of damaged square short RC columns with low slenderness retrofitted by CFRP strips under axial load," Structures. Elsevier, vol. 28, pp. 170-180, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2020.08.068
  • [12] M. Emara, A. Hamoda and J. W. Hu, "Numerical assessment of rectangular one and two-way RC slabs strengthened with CFRP under impact loads," Computers and Concrete, vol. 31, no. 3, pp.173-184, 2023. doi:10.12989/cac.2023.31.3.173
  • [13] A. Türer, O. Mercimek and Y. Erbaş, "Experimental and numerical investigation of punching behavior of two-way RC slab with different opening locations and sizes strengthened with CFRP strip," Structures, vol. 49, pp. 918-942, 2023. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2023.01.157
  • [14] O. Mercimek, R. Ghoroubi, Y. Erbaş and Ö. Anil, "Comparison of strengthening methods to improve punching behavior of two-way RC flat slabs," Structures, vol. 46, pp. 1495-1516, 2022. doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2022.11.018
  • [15] M. Jung and G. Markou, “Numerical investigation of retrofitting waffle slabs with carbon fibre reinforced polymer plates,” 9th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, COMPDYN 2023, Athens, Greece, June 12-14, 2023.
  • [16] A. Bal and A. M. Kılıç, “Investigation of strenghtening an existing five-storey RC residential structure with fiber reinforced polymers,” 2nd International Architecture and Design Congress, Çanakkale, Turkey, October. Güven Plus Press, 2018. pp. 1161-1169.
  • [17] A. Bal and A. M. Kılıç, “Comparison of CFRP and steel jacketing methods applications for retrofitting an existing concrete industrial structure in earthquake effect,” VI. International Earthquake Symposium Kocaeli, IESKO 2019, Kocaeli, Turkey, KUV Press, 2019. pp. 207-212.
  • [18] TEC-2007, “Turkish earthquake code 2007,” Official Newspaper of Turkey: Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, 2007.
  • [19] Earthquake Hazard Map AFAD, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/deprem-tehlike-haritasi. [Accessed: Sept., 2022].
  • [20] SAP2000, C. S. I. “Analysis reference manual, structural analysis program,” Computers and Structures, Inc., California, Berkeley, 2016.
  • [21] ACI 440.2R-08, “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures,” American Concrete Institute, 2008.
  • [22] ACI 318-08, "Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary." American Concrete Institute, 2008.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmet Bal 0000-0003-3305-928X

Publication Date January 1, 2024
Submission Date January 30, 2023
Acceptance Date November 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

IEEE A. Bal, “Increasing the Vertical Load Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Waffle Slabs With Varying Operating Loads Using CFRP”, GJES, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 411–421, 2024.

Gazi Journal of Engineering Sciences (GJES) publishes open access articles under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY). 1366_2000-copia-2.jpg