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Optimization of Laser Cutting Parameters for Enhanced Surface Quality and Reduced Kerf Width in AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 654 - 662, 01.01.2024

Abstract

In this study, we performed experimental and statistical analysis on the cutting of AISI 304 stainless steel using a commonly utilized laser cutting machine. Three different gas pressures (5.1, 6.4 and 8 bar), three different cutting speeds (2048, 2560 and 3200 mm/min), fixed focal point (-4 mm), fixed frequency (5000 Hz) and fixed gas (Nitrogen) were used as cutting parameters. As a result of the study, it was observed that the surface roughness decreased as the cutting speed increased at all pressure values, and the surface roughness increased as the pressure increased at all cutting speed values. It was determined that the top and bottom kerf width decreased with increasing cutting speed and decreasing gas pressure, and the top and bottom kerf width increased with increasing gas pressure and decreasing cutting speed. When the signal/noise ratios were analyzed as a result of Taguchi analysis, the optimum cutting parameter was calculated as Level 1 (5.1 bar) for pressure and Level 3 (3200 mm/min) for cutting speed. When the variance results were analyzed, it was determined that the important parameter affecting the surface roughness from the pressure and cutting speed factors was determined as cutting speed with 70.74%.

References

  • [1] R. Işık,B. Özlü, and H. Demir, "Experimental and statistical investigation of the effect of the parameters selected in cutting process with laser St-37 material," Firat University Journal of Engineering, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 161-171, October 2021, doi: 10.35234/fumbd.769716
  • [2] F. Mert, M. Tunç, and G. Sur, "AISI 304 Çeliğinin lazer ile kesilmesinde kesme parametrelerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğüne etkisinin incelenmesi," in 5th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science 29-30 September 2017 (ISITES2017 Baku-Azerbaijan), 2017, pp. 190-198. https://isites.info/PastConferences/ISITES2017/
  • [3] A. Arif and B. S. Yilbas, "Thermal stress developed during the laser cutting process: consideration of different materials," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 37, pp. 698-704, June 2008, doi: 10.1007/s00170-007-1020-1
  • [4] K. Nyon, C. Nyeoh, M. Mokhtar, and R. Abdul-Rahman, "Finite element analysis of laser inert gas cutting on Inconel 718," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 60, pp. 995-1007, June 2012, doi: 10.1007/s00170-011-3655-1
  • [5] C. Wandera, "Laser cutting of austenitic stainless steel with a high quality laser beam," Ms Thesis, Lappeenranta University Of Technology, Finland 2006.
  • [6] İ. Cebeci, Ö. Barış, and H. Demir, "Investigation the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness, kerf width and dross height in laser processing of AISI 304 stainless sheet material," Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 410-415, April 2022, doi: 10.28948/ngmuh.764983
  • [7] M. Madic and M. Radovanovic, "Investigation into the effect of the cutting parameters on the burr height in CO2 laser nitrogen cutting of AISI 304 stainless steel," Metalurgia International, vol. 17, no. 7, p. 74, 2012.
  • [8] R. Yılmaz, "Optimum design of laser head carrier bridge system used in laser cutting machinery," Ms Thesis, Necmettin Erbakan University, Türkiye 2019.
  • [9] M. Ürgüplü and S. Köksal, "The Effect of laser cutting process parameters on the quality of metalic componenets," in 3rd International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science, 2015, pp. 865-874. https://conferencealerts.com/show-event?id=144184
  • [10] İ. Cebeci, Ö. Barış, and H. Demir, "Investigation of the Effect of Cutting Parameters on Cutting Quality in Laser Cutting of AISI 310 Quality Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet Material " Journal of the Institute of Science Technology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2791-2799, December 2020, doi: 10.21597/jist.764067
  • [11] N. A. Özbek, A. Çiçek, M. Gülesin, and O. Özbek, "Evaluation of machinability of AISI 304 and AISI 316 austenitic stainless steels," Journal of Polytechnic, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 43-49, May 2017, doi: 10.2339/2017.20.1 43-49
  • [12] A. Mustafa and F. Yücelişli, "Investigation of the effect on cutting quality of process parameters in fiber laser cuttingof Ti-6Al-4V Alloy " Science and Eng. J of Fırat Univ. , vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 215-223, September 2018.
  • [13] J. Powell, S. Al-Mashikhi, A. Kaplan, and K. Voisey, "Fibre laser cutting of thin section mild steel: An explanation of the ‘striation free’effect," Optics Lasers in Engineering, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 1069-1075,August 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2011.03.011
  • [14] O. Özbek, "Effects of deep cryogenic treatment with different holding times on the mechanical properties of Al 7050-T7451 alloy friction stir welding," Materials Testing, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 364-377, March 2023, doi: 10.1515/mt-2022-0277
  • [15] İ. Çiftçi and H. Gökçe, " Optimisation of cutting tool and cutting parameters in machining of molybdenum alloys through the Taguchi Method," Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 201-214, March 2019, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.416482
  • [16] H. Gökçe and M. Biberci, "Investigation of thrust force, drill bit temperature and burr height in the drilling of aluminum alloy used in ammunition wing drive systems," Experimental Techniques, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 691-705, August 2022, doi: 10.1007/s40799-021-00501-0
  • [17] B. Özlü, "Investigation of the effect of cutting parameters on cutting force, surface roughness and chip shape in turning of Sleipner cold work tool steel," Journal of the Faculty of Engineering Architecture of Gazi University, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 1241-1251, January 2021, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.668169
  • [18] N. A. Özbek, M. İ. Karadag, and O. Özbek, "Optimization of flank wear and surface roughness during turning of AISI 304 stainless steel using the Taguchi method," Materials Testing, vol. 62, no. 9, pp. 957-961, February 2020, doi: 10.3139/120.111571
  • [19] O. Tuncel and H. Aydın, "Optimization of Nd: YAG laser welding factors of cold rolled strenx 700 CR steel by taguchi method," Cukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 85-92, March 2023, doi: 10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1273719
  • [20] Y. Harun and R. Atılkan, "Optimization of machining parameters in drillıing of nickel based superalloys wıth gray relational analysis and taguchi," Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Journal of Engineering Sciences, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 363-378, May 2023, doi: 10.17780/ksujes.1167745
  • [21] B. Özlü, "Experimental and statistical investigation of the effects of cutting parameters on kerf quality and surface roughness in laser cutting of Al 5083 alloy," Surface Review Letters, vol. 28, no. 10, p. 2150093, September 2021, doi: 10.1142/S0218625X21500931

AISI 304 Paslanmaz Çelikte Geliştirilmiş Yüzey Kalitesi ve Azaltılmış Kerf Genişliği için Lazer Kesim Parametrelerinin optimizasyonu

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 654 - 662, 01.01.2024

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, yaygın olarak kullanılan bir lazer kesme makinesi kullanılarak AISI 304 paslanmaz çeliğin kesilmesi üzerine deneysel ve istatistiksel analizler gerçekleştirdik. Kesme parametreleri olarak üç farklı gaz basıncı 5.1, 6.4 ve 8 bar) , üç farklı kesme hızı (2048, 2560 ve 3200 mm/dak), sabit odak noktası (-4 mm), sabit frekans (5000 Hz) ve sabit gaz (Azot) kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmanın sonucunda Bütün basınç değerlerinde kesme hızı arttıkça yüzey pürüzlülük değerinin azaldığı, bütün kesme hızı değerlerinde basınç arttıkça yüzey pürüzlülük değerinin arttığı görülmüştür. Kesme hızının artması ve gaz basıncının azalması ile üst ve alt kerf genişliğinin azaldığı, gaz basıncının artması ve kesme hızının azalması ile üst ve alt kerf genişliğinin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Taguchi analizi sonucunda sinyal/gürültü oranları incelendiğinde optimum kesme parametresinin basınç için Seviye 1 (5.1 bar) ve kesme hızı için Seviye 3 (3200 mm/dak.) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Varyans sonuçları incelendiğinde basınç ve kesme hızı faktörlerinden yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerine etki eden önemli parametrenin %70.74 ile kesme hızı olarak oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • [1] R. Işık,B. Özlü, and H. Demir, "Experimental and statistical investigation of the effect of the parameters selected in cutting process with laser St-37 material," Firat University Journal of Engineering, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 161-171, October 2021, doi: 10.35234/fumbd.769716
  • [2] F. Mert, M. Tunç, and G. Sur, "AISI 304 Çeliğinin lazer ile kesilmesinde kesme parametrelerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğüne etkisinin incelenmesi," in 5th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science 29-30 September 2017 (ISITES2017 Baku-Azerbaijan), 2017, pp. 190-198. https://isites.info/PastConferences/ISITES2017/
  • [3] A. Arif and B. S. Yilbas, "Thermal stress developed during the laser cutting process: consideration of different materials," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 37, pp. 698-704, June 2008, doi: 10.1007/s00170-007-1020-1
  • [4] K. Nyon, C. Nyeoh, M. Mokhtar, and R. Abdul-Rahman, "Finite element analysis of laser inert gas cutting on Inconel 718," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 60, pp. 995-1007, June 2012, doi: 10.1007/s00170-011-3655-1
  • [5] C. Wandera, "Laser cutting of austenitic stainless steel with a high quality laser beam," Ms Thesis, Lappeenranta University Of Technology, Finland 2006.
  • [6] İ. Cebeci, Ö. Barış, and H. Demir, "Investigation the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness, kerf width and dross height in laser processing of AISI 304 stainless sheet material," Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 410-415, April 2022, doi: 10.28948/ngmuh.764983
  • [7] M. Madic and M. Radovanovic, "Investigation into the effect of the cutting parameters on the burr height in CO2 laser nitrogen cutting of AISI 304 stainless steel," Metalurgia International, vol. 17, no. 7, p. 74, 2012.
  • [8] R. Yılmaz, "Optimum design of laser head carrier bridge system used in laser cutting machinery," Ms Thesis, Necmettin Erbakan University, Türkiye 2019.
  • [9] M. Ürgüplü and S. Köksal, "The Effect of laser cutting process parameters on the quality of metalic componenets," in 3rd International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science, 2015, pp. 865-874. https://conferencealerts.com/show-event?id=144184
  • [10] İ. Cebeci, Ö. Barış, and H. Demir, "Investigation of the Effect of Cutting Parameters on Cutting Quality in Laser Cutting of AISI 310 Quality Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet Material " Journal of the Institute of Science Technology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2791-2799, December 2020, doi: 10.21597/jist.764067
  • [11] N. A. Özbek, A. Çiçek, M. Gülesin, and O. Özbek, "Evaluation of machinability of AISI 304 and AISI 316 austenitic stainless steels," Journal of Polytechnic, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 43-49, May 2017, doi: 10.2339/2017.20.1 43-49
  • [12] A. Mustafa and F. Yücelişli, "Investigation of the effect on cutting quality of process parameters in fiber laser cuttingof Ti-6Al-4V Alloy " Science and Eng. J of Fırat Univ. , vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 215-223, September 2018.
  • [13] J. Powell, S. Al-Mashikhi, A. Kaplan, and K. Voisey, "Fibre laser cutting of thin section mild steel: An explanation of the ‘striation free’effect," Optics Lasers in Engineering, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 1069-1075,August 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2011.03.011
  • [14] O. Özbek, "Effects of deep cryogenic treatment with different holding times on the mechanical properties of Al 7050-T7451 alloy friction stir welding," Materials Testing, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 364-377, March 2023, doi: 10.1515/mt-2022-0277
  • [15] İ. Çiftçi and H. Gökçe, " Optimisation of cutting tool and cutting parameters in machining of molybdenum alloys through the Taguchi Method," Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 201-214, March 2019, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.416482
  • [16] H. Gökçe and M. Biberci, "Investigation of thrust force, drill bit temperature and burr height in the drilling of aluminum alloy used in ammunition wing drive systems," Experimental Techniques, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 691-705, August 2022, doi: 10.1007/s40799-021-00501-0
  • [17] B. Özlü, "Investigation of the effect of cutting parameters on cutting force, surface roughness and chip shape in turning of Sleipner cold work tool steel," Journal of the Faculty of Engineering Architecture of Gazi University, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 1241-1251, January 2021, doi: 10.17341/gazimmfd.668169
  • [18] N. A. Özbek, M. İ. Karadag, and O. Özbek, "Optimization of flank wear and surface roughness during turning of AISI 304 stainless steel using the Taguchi method," Materials Testing, vol. 62, no. 9, pp. 957-961, February 2020, doi: 10.3139/120.111571
  • [19] O. Tuncel and H. Aydın, "Optimization of Nd: YAG laser welding factors of cold rolled strenx 700 CR steel by taguchi method," Cukurova University Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 85-92, March 2023, doi: 10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1273719
  • [20] Y. Harun and R. Atılkan, "Optimization of machining parameters in drillıing of nickel based superalloys wıth gray relational analysis and taguchi," Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Journal of Engineering Sciences, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 363-378, May 2023, doi: 10.17780/ksujes.1167745
  • [21] B. Özlü, "Experimental and statistical investigation of the effects of cutting parameters on kerf quality and surface roughness in laser cutting of Al 5083 alloy," Surface Review Letters, vol. 28, no. 10, p. 2150093, September 2021, doi: 10.1142/S0218625X21500931
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Optimization Techniques in Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Engin Nas 0000-0002-4828-9240

Sabri Uzuner 0000-0002-9099-1324

Publication Date January 1, 2024
Submission Date October 18, 2023
Acceptance Date December 19, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

IEEE E. Nas and S. Uzuner, “Optimization of Laser Cutting Parameters for Enhanced Surface Quality and Reduced Kerf Width in AISI 304 Stainless Steel”, GJES, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 654–662, 2024.

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