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A DISCUSSION ON HEALTH-RELATED FACTORS & INTRA-HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION: THE CASE OF TURKEY

Year 2023, Volume: 22 Issue: 48 - İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Aralık/Güz 2023, Cilt 22, Sayı 48, 1285 - 1304, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.1258219

Abstract

Female labor force participation in developing nations like Turkey is a controversial issue that still requires additional research. Furthermore, health-related and intra-household elements, along with socio-economic and demographic factors, play a crucial role in explaining female employment. Purpose: This study aims to examine the trend of female participation in the labor force over recent years and to assess the potential influence of household responsibilities and health factors using descriptive statistics along with socio-economic and demographic factors. Method: In order to obtain descriptive results, the study uses data from Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) Household Labor Force Survey (HLFS) 2009-2020. Working-age females are the main focus of this paper. Descriptive results are used to make comparison and sample tests are used to carry out a conceptual discussion. Findings: The statistics derived from the Household Labor Force Survey (HLFS) show that women are more inclined to report negative health conditions. Between 2014-2020, a greater proportion of females leave their jobs than males because of poor health. Although there is a decline in the trend, a significant number of women of working age choose not to be part of an economic activity due to their spouse or partner. Originality: This is one of the pioneer studies in Turkey that aim to understand and add health-related factors in the discussion of female labor force participation.

References

  • Azam, M., and Han, L. (2019). Accounting for differences in female labor force participation between China and India. IZA Working Paper, No. 12681. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3448955
  • Ayvaz-Kizilgöz, Ö. (2012). Kadınların işgücüne katılımının belirleyicileri: Ekonometrik bir analiz . Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 13(1), 88-101. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/doujournal/issue/66666/1043041
  • Baldwin, M., and Johnson, W. G. (1994). Labor market discrimination against men with disabilities. The Journal of Human Resources, 29(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.2307/146053
  • Bound, J., Schoenbaum, M., and Waidman, T. (1995). Race and education differences in disability status and labor force atttachment. NBER Working Paper, No. 5159. https://doi: 10.3386/w5159
  • Cipollone, A., Patacchini, E. and Vallanti, G. (2013). Women labor market participation in europe: novel evidence on trends and shaping factors. IZA Discussion Paper, No. 7710. https://docs.iza.org/dp7710.pdf
  • Dayioğlu, M., and Kirdar, M. (2010). Determinants of and trends in labor force participation of determinants of and trends in labor force participation of women in Turkey. State Planning Organization of the Republic of
  • Turkey State Planning Organization of the Republic of Turkey Working Paper, No 5. https://doi.org/10.1596/27853
  • Düzgün-Öncel, B. and Eriş-Dereli, B. (2015). Why do women prefer part-time employment in Turkey? Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies, 17(2), 82-109. https://ecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1214&context=meea
  • Düzgün- Öncel, B. and Karaoğlan, D. (2016). Türkiye'de engelli erkeklerin iş gücü durumları üzerine betimesel bir çalışma. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 38(2), 169-185. https://doi.org/10.14780/iibd.49505
  • Düzgün-Öncel, B. and Karaoğlan, D. (2021). Impact of Turkish policy reform on labor force status of disabled males: difference and differences analysis. Panoeconomicus, 69(4), 635-650. https://doi.org/10.2298/PAN170208005D
  • Goldin, C. (1994). The U-shaped female labor force function in economic development and economic history. NBER Working Paper, No. 4707. https://doi.org/10.3386/w4707
  • Heckman, J. J., and Wills, R. J. (1977). A beta—logistic model for the analysis of sequential labor force participation by married women. NBER Working Paper, No.112. https:// 10.3386/w0112
  • Hosney, S. H. (2016). Factor influencing female labor force participation in Egypt and Germany: A
  • Comparative Study. SOEP papers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research, No:826, 3-73.https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/130586/1/856920835.pdf
  • Hyslop, D. R. (1999). State dependence, serial correlation and heterogeneity in intertemporal labor force participation of married women. Econometrica, 67(6), 1255-1294. https://doi.org/10.2307/2999562
  • Johnson, W. G., and Lambrinos, J. (1985). Wage discrimination against handicapped men and women. The Journal of Human Resources, 20(2), 265-277. https://doi.org/10.2307/146012
  • Jones, M. K., Latreille, P. L. and Sloane, P. J. (2003). Disability, gender and the labour market. IZA Discussion Paper, No.936. https://docs.iza.org/dp936.pdf
  • Karaoğlan, D. and Ökten, Ç. (2012). Labor force participation of married women in Turkey: is there an added or a discouraged worker effect?. IZA Discussion Paper, No.6616. https://docs.iza.org/dp6616.pdf
  • Karaoğlan, D. and Ökten, Ç. (2015). Labor force participation of married women in Turkey:A Study of the Added-Worker Effect and the Discouraged-Worker Effect. Emerging Market Finance and Trade.51:1, 274-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2015.1011535
  • Khan, R. E. and Khan, T. (2009). Labor force participation of married women in Punjab (Pakistan). Journal of Economic and Social Research, 11(2), 77-106. https://doi.org/10.1108/03068291011060643
  • Kidd, M. P., Sloane, P. J. and Ferko, I. (2000). Disability and the labour market: an analysis of British males. Journal of Health Economics,19(6), 961–981. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6296(00)00043-6
  • Kılıç, D. and Öztürk, S. (2014). Türkiye’de kadınların işgücüne katılımı önündeki engeller ve çözüm yolları: bir ampirik uygulama. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 47(1), 107-130. https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/157180/
  • Kızılgöl, Ö. A. (2012). Kadınların işgücüne katılımının belirleyicileri: ekonometrik bir analiz. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 13(1), 88-101. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2152020
  • Klasen, S., Pieters, J., Silva, M. S. and Tu, L. T. (2019). What drives female labor force participation? comparable micro-level evidence from eight developing and emerging economies. IZA Discussion Paper, No 12067. https://docs.iza.org/dp12067.pdf
  • Lassassi, M. and Tansel, A. (2020). Female labor force participation in five selected Mena countries: an age-period-cohort analysis (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan,Palestine and Tunisia). IZA Discussion Paper, No 13814. https://docs.iza.org/dp13814.pdf
  • Lopez-Acevedo, G., Devoto, F., Morales, M. & Rodriguez, J. R. (2021). Trends & determinants of female labor force participation in Morocco: An Initial Exploratory Analysis, IZA Discussion Paper, No. 14218. https://www.iza.org/publications/dp/14218/trends-and-determinants-of-female-labor-force-participation-in-morocco-an-initial-exploratory-analysis
  • Luft, H. S. (1975). The impact of poor health on earnings. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 57(1), 43-57. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937862
  • Maurer-Fazio, M., Lan, C. and Tang, L. (2009). Childcare, eldercare, and labor force participation of married women in urban China: 1982−2000. IZA Discussion Paper, No. 4204. https://docs.iza.org/dp4204.pdf
  • Mincer, J. (1958). Investment in human capital and personal incoma distrubition. Journal of Politıcal Economy, 66(4), 281-302. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1827422
  • Mincer, J. (1962). Labor force participation of married women: A study of labor supply. In Aspects of Labor Economics, Princeton University Press. 63-105
  • Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2023. https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=lfs_sexage_i_r#. (Accessed 21th of February 2023)
  • Piras, C. and Riphani, L. (2005). The effects of motherhood on wages and labor force participation: evidence from Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru. Sustainable Development Department Technical Paper Series, No. 106. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237279867_The_Effects_of_Motherhood_on_Wages_and_Labor_Force_Participation_Evidence_from_Bolivia_Brazil_Ecuador_and_Peru https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/viewer/The-Effects-of-Motherhood-on-Wages-and-Labor-Force-Participation-Evidence-from-Bolivia-Brazil-Ecuador-and-Peru.pdf
  • Psacharopoulos, G. and Tzannatos, Z. (1989). Female labor force participation: an international perspective. The World Bank Research Observer, 4(2), 187-201. https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/4.2.187
  • Repetti, R. L., Matthews, K.A. and Waldron, I. (2014). Employment and women's health: effects of paid employment on women's mental and physical health. American Psychologist, 44(11), 1394-1401. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.44.11.1394
  • Robertson, R., Lopez-Acevedo, G. and Morales, M. (2020). The relationship between female labor force participation and violent conflicts in South Asia. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No. 9195. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3561985
  • Sorsa, P., Mares, J., Didier, M., Guimares, C., Rabate, Tang, G. & Tuske, A. (2015). Determinants of The low female labor force participation in INDIA . Economics Departments Working Papers, No.1207, 3-64. https://doi.org/10.1787/18151973
  • Tansel, A. (2001). Economic development and female labor force participation in Turkey: Time-Series evidence and cross-province estimates, ERF Working Paper in Economics, 01/05. https://erc.metu.edu.tr/en/system/files/menu/series01/0105.pdf
  • Tunalı, İ. and Başlevent, C. (2002). Married women’s participation choices and productivity differentials: evidence from urban Turkey. In METU/ERC International Conference in Economics VI. https://users.ssc.wisc.edu/~jkennan/teaching/FLFP&prod-dif.pdf
  • Tunalı, İ., Kırdar, M. G. and Dayıoğlu, M. (2021). Down and up the "u"-a synthetic cohort (panel) analysis of female labor force participation in Turkey, 1988-2013. World Development, 146, 2-17. https://dio.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105609
  • Turkish Statistical Institute TURKSTAT 2023. Household Labor Force Survey 2009-2020 .
  • Uysal, G. (2014). Türkiye'de Kadın işgücüne katılım oranlarını artırmak. BETAM Araştırma Notu 10/64. https://betam.bahcesehir.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/ArastirmaNotu064.pdf

KADININ IŞ GÜCÜNE KATILIMI BAĞLAMINDA SAĞLIKLA ILGILI FAKTÖRLER VE HANE IÇI SORUMLULUKLAR ÜZERINE BIR TARTIŞMA: TÜRKIYE ÖRNEĞI

Year 2023, Volume: 22 Issue: 48 - İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Aralık/Güz 2023, Cilt 22, Sayı 48, 1285 - 1304, 30.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.1258219

Abstract

Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde kadının iş gücüne katılımı hala araştırma gerektiren tartışmalı bir konudur. Ayrıca, sağlıkla ilgili ve ev içi unsurlar, sosyo-ekonomik ve demografik faktörlerle birlikte, kadın istihdamının açıklanmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Amaç: Bu çalışma, son yıllarda kadınları iş gücüne katılım eğilimlerini incelemeyi ve sosyo-ekonomik ve demografik faktörlerle birlikte betimleyici istatistikler kullanarak hane içi sorumlulukların ve sağlıkla ilgili faktörlerinin muhtemel etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Betimleyici sonuçlar elde etmek için, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) Hane Halkı İşgücü Araştırması (HİA) 2009-2020'den elde edilen veriler kullanmaktadır. Çalışma çağındaki kadınlar bu makalenin odak noktasıdır. Betimleyici sonuçlar ve istatistik testleri cinsiyetler arası karşılaştırma yapmak ve kavramsal bir tartışma yürütmek için kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hane Halkı İşgücü Anketi'nden (HLFS) elde edilen istatistikler, kadınların olumsuz sağlık koşullarını bildirmeye daha yatkın olduğunu göstermektedir. 2014-2020 yılları arasında, kötü sağlık nedeniyle işini bırakan kadınların oranı erklerden fazladır. Eğilimde bir düşüş olmasına rağmen, çalışma çağındaki kadınların önemli bir kısmı, eşleri veya partnerleri nedeniyle ekonomik bir faaliyetin parçası olmamayı seçmektedir. Özgünlük: Bu makale, kadının iş gücüne katılımı tartışmasında sağlıkla ilgili faktörleri anlamayı ve bu tartışmaya eklemeyi amaçlayan Türkiye’deki öncü çalışmalardan biridir.

References

  • Azam, M., and Han, L. (2019). Accounting for differences in female labor force participation between China and India. IZA Working Paper, No. 12681. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3448955
  • Ayvaz-Kizilgöz, Ö. (2012). Kadınların işgücüne katılımının belirleyicileri: Ekonometrik bir analiz . Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 13(1), 88-101. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/doujournal/issue/66666/1043041
  • Baldwin, M., and Johnson, W. G. (1994). Labor market discrimination against men with disabilities. The Journal of Human Resources, 29(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.2307/146053
  • Bound, J., Schoenbaum, M., and Waidman, T. (1995). Race and education differences in disability status and labor force atttachment. NBER Working Paper, No. 5159. https://doi: 10.3386/w5159
  • Cipollone, A., Patacchini, E. and Vallanti, G. (2013). Women labor market participation in europe: novel evidence on trends and shaping factors. IZA Discussion Paper, No. 7710. https://docs.iza.org/dp7710.pdf
  • Dayioğlu, M., and Kirdar, M. (2010). Determinants of and trends in labor force participation of determinants of and trends in labor force participation of women in Turkey. State Planning Organization of the Republic of
  • Turkey State Planning Organization of the Republic of Turkey Working Paper, No 5. https://doi.org/10.1596/27853
  • Düzgün-Öncel, B. and Eriş-Dereli, B. (2015). Why do women prefer part-time employment in Turkey? Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies, 17(2), 82-109. https://ecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1214&context=meea
  • Düzgün- Öncel, B. and Karaoğlan, D. (2016). Türkiye'de engelli erkeklerin iş gücü durumları üzerine betimesel bir çalışma. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 38(2), 169-185. https://doi.org/10.14780/iibd.49505
  • Düzgün-Öncel, B. and Karaoğlan, D. (2021). Impact of Turkish policy reform on labor force status of disabled males: difference and differences analysis. Panoeconomicus, 69(4), 635-650. https://doi.org/10.2298/PAN170208005D
  • Goldin, C. (1994). The U-shaped female labor force function in economic development and economic history. NBER Working Paper, No. 4707. https://doi.org/10.3386/w4707
  • Heckman, J. J., and Wills, R. J. (1977). A beta—logistic model for the analysis of sequential labor force participation by married women. NBER Working Paper, No.112. https:// 10.3386/w0112
  • Hosney, S. H. (2016). Factor influencing female labor force participation in Egypt and Germany: A
  • Comparative Study. SOEP papers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research, No:826, 3-73.https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/130586/1/856920835.pdf
  • Hyslop, D. R. (1999). State dependence, serial correlation and heterogeneity in intertemporal labor force participation of married women. Econometrica, 67(6), 1255-1294. https://doi.org/10.2307/2999562
  • Johnson, W. G., and Lambrinos, J. (1985). Wage discrimination against handicapped men and women. The Journal of Human Resources, 20(2), 265-277. https://doi.org/10.2307/146012
  • Jones, M. K., Latreille, P. L. and Sloane, P. J. (2003). Disability, gender and the labour market. IZA Discussion Paper, No.936. https://docs.iza.org/dp936.pdf
  • Karaoğlan, D. and Ökten, Ç. (2012). Labor force participation of married women in Turkey: is there an added or a discouraged worker effect?. IZA Discussion Paper, No.6616. https://docs.iza.org/dp6616.pdf
  • Karaoğlan, D. and Ökten, Ç. (2015). Labor force participation of married women in Turkey:A Study of the Added-Worker Effect and the Discouraged-Worker Effect. Emerging Market Finance and Trade.51:1, 274-290. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2015.1011535
  • Khan, R. E. and Khan, T. (2009). Labor force participation of married women in Punjab (Pakistan). Journal of Economic and Social Research, 11(2), 77-106. https://doi.org/10.1108/03068291011060643
  • Kidd, M. P., Sloane, P. J. and Ferko, I. (2000). Disability and the labour market: an analysis of British males. Journal of Health Economics,19(6), 961–981. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6296(00)00043-6
  • Kılıç, D. and Öztürk, S. (2014). Türkiye’de kadınların işgücüne katılımı önündeki engeller ve çözüm yolları: bir ampirik uygulama. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 47(1), 107-130. https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/157180/
  • Kızılgöl, Ö. A. (2012). Kadınların işgücüne katılımının belirleyicileri: ekonometrik bir analiz. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 13(1), 88-101. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2152020
  • Klasen, S., Pieters, J., Silva, M. S. and Tu, L. T. (2019). What drives female labor force participation? comparable micro-level evidence from eight developing and emerging economies. IZA Discussion Paper, No 12067. https://docs.iza.org/dp12067.pdf
  • Lassassi, M. and Tansel, A. (2020). Female labor force participation in five selected Mena countries: an age-period-cohort analysis (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan,Palestine and Tunisia). IZA Discussion Paper, No 13814. https://docs.iza.org/dp13814.pdf
  • Lopez-Acevedo, G., Devoto, F., Morales, M. & Rodriguez, J. R. (2021). Trends & determinants of female labor force participation in Morocco: An Initial Exploratory Analysis, IZA Discussion Paper, No. 14218. https://www.iza.org/publications/dp/14218/trends-and-determinants-of-female-labor-force-participation-in-morocco-an-initial-exploratory-analysis
  • Luft, H. S. (1975). The impact of poor health on earnings. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 57(1), 43-57. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937862
  • Maurer-Fazio, M., Lan, C. and Tang, L. (2009). Childcare, eldercare, and labor force participation of married women in urban China: 1982−2000. IZA Discussion Paper, No. 4204. https://docs.iza.org/dp4204.pdf
  • Mincer, J. (1958). Investment in human capital and personal incoma distrubition. Journal of Politıcal Economy, 66(4), 281-302. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1827422
  • Mincer, J. (1962). Labor force participation of married women: A study of labor supply. In Aspects of Labor Economics, Princeton University Press. 63-105
  • Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 2023. https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=lfs_sexage_i_r#. (Accessed 21th of February 2023)
  • Piras, C. and Riphani, L. (2005). The effects of motherhood on wages and labor force participation: evidence from Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru. Sustainable Development Department Technical Paper Series, No. 106. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237279867_The_Effects_of_Motherhood_on_Wages_and_Labor_Force_Participation_Evidence_from_Bolivia_Brazil_Ecuador_and_Peru https://publications.iadb.org/publications/english/viewer/The-Effects-of-Motherhood-on-Wages-and-Labor-Force-Participation-Evidence-from-Bolivia-Brazil-Ecuador-and-Peru.pdf
  • Psacharopoulos, G. and Tzannatos, Z. (1989). Female labor force participation: an international perspective. The World Bank Research Observer, 4(2), 187-201. https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/4.2.187
  • Repetti, R. L., Matthews, K.A. and Waldron, I. (2014). Employment and women's health: effects of paid employment on women's mental and physical health. American Psychologist, 44(11), 1394-1401. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.44.11.1394
  • Robertson, R., Lopez-Acevedo, G. and Morales, M. (2020). The relationship between female labor force participation and violent conflicts in South Asia. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No. 9195. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3561985
  • Sorsa, P., Mares, J., Didier, M., Guimares, C., Rabate, Tang, G. & Tuske, A. (2015). Determinants of The low female labor force participation in INDIA . Economics Departments Working Papers, No.1207, 3-64. https://doi.org/10.1787/18151973
  • Tansel, A. (2001). Economic development and female labor force participation in Turkey: Time-Series evidence and cross-province estimates, ERF Working Paper in Economics, 01/05. https://erc.metu.edu.tr/en/system/files/menu/series01/0105.pdf
  • Tunalı, İ. and Başlevent, C. (2002). Married women’s participation choices and productivity differentials: evidence from urban Turkey. In METU/ERC International Conference in Economics VI. https://users.ssc.wisc.edu/~jkennan/teaching/FLFP&prod-dif.pdf
  • Tunalı, İ., Kırdar, M. G. and Dayıoğlu, M. (2021). Down and up the "u"-a synthetic cohort (panel) analysis of female labor force participation in Turkey, 1988-2013. World Development, 146, 2-17. https://dio.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105609
  • Turkish Statistical Institute TURKSTAT 2023. Household Labor Force Survey 2009-2020 .
  • Uysal, G. (2014). Türkiye'de Kadın işgücüne katılım oranlarını artırmak. BETAM Araştırma Notu 10/64. https://betam.bahcesehir.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/ArastirmaNotu064.pdf
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Domestic Economy, Poverty, Inclusivity and Wellbeing
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Deniz Keskin Özberk 0000-0003-4319-9841

Burcu Düzgün Öncel 0000-0002-6834-7874

Publication Date December 30, 2023
Submission Date March 1, 2023
Acceptance Date November 26, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 22 Issue: 48 - İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Aralık/Güz 2023, Cilt 22, Sayı 48

Cite

APA Keskin Özberk, D., & Düzgün Öncel, B. (2023). A DISCUSSION ON HEALTH-RELATED FACTORS & INTRA-HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION: THE CASE OF TURKEY. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(48), 1285-1304. https://doi.org/10.46928/iticusbe.1258219