Research Article
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Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 47 - 54, 04.02.2024

Abstract

References

  • 1. Ulubay M, Yurt KK, Kaplan AA, Atilla MK. The use of diclofenac sodium in urological practice: a structural and neurochemical based review. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. 2018 Jan 1;87:32-6. Available from: <URL>
  • 2. Li X, He Q, Li H, Gao X, Hu M, Li S, Zhai Q, Jiang Y, Wang X. Bioconversion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac and naproxen by chloroperoxidase. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 2017 Apr 15;120:7-16. Available from: <URL>
  • 3. Cunha S, Pena A, Fernandes J, Mussels as bioindicators of diclofenac contamination in coastal environments. Environ. Pollut. 2017; 225: 354- 360. Available from: <URL>
  • 4. Shewaiter MA, Hammady TM, El-Gindy A, Hammadi SH, Gad S. Formulation and characterization of leflunomide/diclofenac sodium microemulsion base-gel for the transdermal treatment of inflammatory joint diseases. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. 2021 Feb 1;61:102110. Available from: <URL>
  • 5. Sarhangzadeh K, Khatami AA, Jabbari M, Bahari S. Simultaneous determination of diclofenac and indomethacin using a sensitive electrochemical sensor based on multiwalled carbon nanotube and ionic liquid nanocomposite. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 2013 Dec;43(12):1217-24. Available from: <URL>
  • 6. Davarani SSH, Pourahadi A, Nojavan S, Banitaba MH, Nasiri-Aghdam M. Electro membrane extraction of sodium diclofenac as an acidic compound from wastewater, urine, bovine milk, and plasma samples and quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analytica chimica acta. 2012 Apr 13;722:55-62. Available from: <URL>
  • 7. de Paiva Carvalho RL, Leonardo PS, Mendes GD, Lima FP, Lima MO, Marcos RL, Lopes-Martins RA. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamics of Sodium diclofenac (Topical and IM) associated with laser photobiomodulation on skeletal muscle strain in rats. International Journal of Photoenergy. 2019 Mar 3;2019. Available from: <URL>
  • 8. Kołodziejska J, Kołodziejczyk M. Diclofenac in the treatment of pain in patients with rheumatic diseases. Reumatologia/Rheumatology. 2018 Jun 30;56(3):174-83. Available from: <URL>
  • 9. Roškar R, Kmetec V. Liquid chromatographic determination of diclofenac in human synovial fluid. Journal of Chromatography B. 2003 May 5;788(1):57-64. Available from: <URL>
  • 10. Arcelloni C, Lanzi R, Pedercini S, Molteni G, Fermo I, Pontiroli A, Paroni R. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of diclofenac in human plasma after solid-phase extraction. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications. 2001 Nov 5;763(1-2):195-200. Available from: <URL>
  • 11. Jin W, Zhang J. Determination of diclofenac sodium by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Journal of Chromatography A. 2000 Jan 28;868(1):101-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 12. Bucci R, Magrì A, Magrì A. DSC in the chemical analysis of drugs. Determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical formulations. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry. 2000 Aug 1;61(2):369-76. Available from: <URL>
  • 13. Tubino M, Souza RL. Gravimetric method for the determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical preparations. Journal of AOAC International. 2005 Sep 1;88(6):1684-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 14. Souza RL, Tubino M. Spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical preparations. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society. 2005;16:1068-73. Available from: <URL>
  • 15. Patel N P & Hinge M. Development and validation of UV spectroscopic method for simultaneous estimation of methocarbamol and diclofenac sodium in injection dosage form. Wjpps. 2016;5(4), 1625-1636. Available from: <URL>
  • 16. Adhikari B, Majumdar S. Polymers in sensor applications. Progress in polymer science. 2004 Jul 1;29(7):699-766. Available from: <URL>
  • 17. Yilmaz B. GC–MS determination of diclofenac in human plasma. Chromatographia. 2010 Mar;71:549-51. Available from: <URL>
  • 18. Li, X., He, Q., Li, H., Gao, X., Hu, M., Li, S., ... and Wang, X. (2017). Bioconversion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac and naproxen by chloroperoxidase. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 120, 7-16.
  • 19. Brahman PK, Pandey N, Kumar JS, Somarouthu P, Tiwari S, Pitre KS. Highly sensitive stripping voltammetric determination of a biomolecule, pyruvic acid in solubilized system and biological fluids. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2016 Nov 1;9:S1897-904. Available from: <URL>
  • 20. Reddy KR, Brahman PK, Suresh L. Fabrication of high performance disposable screen printed electrochemical sensor for ciprofloxacin sensing in biological samples. Measurement.2018;127:175-186. Available from: <URL> 21. Brahman PK, Suresh L, Lokesh V, Nizamuddin S. Fabrication of highly sensitive and selective nanocomposite film based on CuNPs/fullerene-C60/MWCNTs: An electrochemical nanosensor for trace recognition of paracetamol. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2016 Apr 21;917:107-16. Available from: <URL>
  • 22. Brahman PK, Suresh L, Reddy KR, Bondili JS. An electrochemical sensing platform for trace recognition and detection of an anti-prostate cancer drug flutamide in biological samples. RSC advances. 2017;7(60):37898-907. Available from: <URL>
  • 23. Brahman PK, Pandey N, Topkaya SN, Singhai R. Fullerene-C60-MWCNT composite film based ultrasensitive electrochemical sensing platform for the trace analysis of pyruvic acid in biological fluids. Talanta. 2015;134:554-559. Available from: <URL>
  • 24. Sun D, Zhang Z, Ma W, Wang L. Preparation of a poly (L-tyrosine) modified electrode and voltammetric determination of dopamine. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory. 2005;24(7):28.
  • 25. Ly SY. Detection of dopamine in the pharmacy with a carbon nanotube paste electrode using voltammetry. Bioelectrochemistry. 2006 May 1;68(2):227-31. Available from: <URL>
  • 26. Wang CY, Hu XY, Di Jin G, Leng ZZ. Differential pulse adsorption voltammetry for determination of procaine hydrochloride at a pumice modified carbon paste electrode in pharmaceutical preparations and urine. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2002 Aug 22;30(1):131-9. Available from: <URL>
  • 27. Manea F, Ihos M, Remes A, Burtica G, Schoonman J. Electrochemical determination of diclofenac sodium in aqueous solution on Cu‐doped zeolite‐expanded graphite‐epoxy electrode. Electroanalysis. 2010 Sep;22(17‐18):2058-63. Available from: <URL>
  • 28. Chethana BK, Basavanna S, Arthoba Naik Y. Voltammetric determination of diclofenac sodium using tyrosine-modified carbon paste electrode. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2012 Aug 8;51(31):10287-95. Available from: <URL>
  • 29. Kormosh Z, Hunka I, Bazel Y. An electrode immobilized in a graphite matrix with ion pair complex for the determination of diclofenac in pharmaceuticals. Journal of the Iranian Chemical Research. 2008; 25-32.
  • 30. Kormosh Z, Hunka I, Bazel Y. Potentiometric determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical formulation by membrane electrode based on ion associate with base dye. Chinese Chemical Letters. 2007 Sep 1;18(9):1103-6. Available from: <URL>
  • 31. Kormosh Z, Hunka I, Bazel Y. Preparation and characterization of a diclofenac sensitive electrode based on a PVC matrix membrane. Acta Chimica Slovenica. 2008 Jun 1;55(2).
  • 32. Shamsipur M, Jalali F, Ershad S. Preparation of a diclofenac potentiometric sensor and its application to pharmaceutical analysis and to drug recovery from biological fluids. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2005 Apr 29;37(5):943-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 33. Maleki R, Matin AA, Hosseinzadeh R, Jouyban A. PVC membrane sensor for diclofenac: applications in pharmaceutical analysis and drug binding studies. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2007 Sep 1;62(9):672-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 34. Oliveira MC, Bindewald EH, Marcolino Jr LH, Bergamini MF. Potentiometric determination of Diclofenac using an ion-selective electrode prepared from polypyrrole films. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 2014 Oct 15;732:11-6. Available from: <URL>
  • 35. Shalauddin M, Akhter S, Bagheri S, Abd Karim MS, Kadri NA, Basirun WJ. Immobilized copper ions on MWCNTS-Chitosan thin film: Enhanced amperometric sensor for electrochemical determination of diclofenac sodium in aqueous solution. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2017 Aug 3;42(31):19951-60. Available from: <URL>
  • 36. Mostafavi M, Yaftian MR, Piri F, Shayani-Jam H. A new diclofenac molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based upon a polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide nano-composite. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 2018 Dec 30;122:160-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 37. Killedar L, Ilager D, Shetti NP, Aminabhavi TM, Reddy KR. Synthesis of ruthenium doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles for the electrochemical detection of diclofenac sodium. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021 Oct 15;340:116891. Available from: <URL>
  • 38. Nasiri F, Rounaghi GH, Ashraf N, Deiminiat B. A new electrochemical sensing platform for quantitative determination of diclofenac based on gold nanoparticles decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/graphene oxide nanocomposite film. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2021 Jan 26;101(2):153-66. Available from: <URL>
  • 39. Al-Hyali RH, Al-Taee AT. A New GE/MWCNTs/PFA modified electrode for simultaneous determination of catechol and hydroquinone. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021;14(2):828-32. Available from: <URL>
  • 40. Morrin A, Killard AJ, Smyth MR. Electrochemical characterization of commercial and home-made screen-printed carbon electrodes. Analytical letters. 2003 Jan 8;36(9):2021-39. Available from: <URL>
  • 41. Xu H, Zhang J, Chen Y, Lu H, Zhuang J. Electrochemical polymerization of polyaniline doped with Cu 2+ as the electrode material for electrochemical supercapacitors. RSC Advances. 2014;4(11):5547-52. Available from: <URL>
  • 42. Al-Taee AT, Al-Hyali RH. Electrochemical Behavior of Oxytocin Hormone Through Its Cysteine Reduction Peak Using Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Poly Furfurylamine and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry. 2021 Oct 1;64(10):5831-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 43. Ensafi AA, Izadi M, Karimi-Maleh H. Sensitive voltammetric determination of diclofenac using room-temperature ionic liquid-modified carbon nanotubes paste electrode. Ionics. 2013 Jan;19:137-44. Available from: <URL>
  • 44. Eteya MM, Rounaghi GH, Deiminiat B. Fabrication of a new electrochemical sensor based on AuPt bimetallic nanoparticles decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for determination of diclofenac. Microchemical Journal. 2019 Jan 1;144:254-60. Available from: <URL>
  • 45. Slim C, Tlili N, Richard C, Griveau S, Bedioui F. Amperometric detection of diclofenac at a nano-structured multi-wall carbon nanotubes sensing films. Inorganic Chemistry Communications. 2019 Sep 1;107:107454. Available from: <URL>
  • 46. Ahmed Anwar AA, Mahmoud R, El-Fatah GA, Farghali AA, Hassouna ME. Electrochemical determination of diclofenac sodium using modified carbon paste electrode-based Zn/Fe-PANI and its efficient removal using three different layered double hydroxides. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2023 Jul 17:1-20. Available from: <URL>

Indirect Determination of Diclofenac Sodium Through its Interaction with the Aniline Oxidation Peak

Year 2024, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 47 - 54, 04.02.2024

Abstract

The voltammetric measurement of diclofenac sodium was investigated using an electrochemical sensor consisting of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with aniline conducting polymer and a differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method. Diclofenac sodium behavior was investigated through its interaction with poly aniline oxidation peak; due to diclofenac sodium adsorption on the surface of the bare glassy carbon electrode, it gives an unstable oxidation peak at 0.4V versus Ag/AgCl.saturated.KCl. We attempted to solve this issue by plating the electrode with aniline and monitoring the interaction peak between diclofenac sodium and aniline oxidation peak. The impact of pH was investigated, optimum conditions were tested, and calibration curves were constructed. Glassy carbon/poly aniline electrode (GC/PAn) results in two straight lines with R2 values of 0.9812 and 0.9772 when current is plotted against concentrations at low concentration and high concentration, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.1282 × 10-7 M and 0.4275 × 10-7 M, respectively. Compared with other sensors, it was observed that the proposed electrochemical sensor has a wider linear range and lower detection limit. The suggested method was applied successfully for quantitating diclofenac sodium in tablet formulation supplied by Samaraa Drugs Industry (SDI)with accepted results of recovery of diclofenac sodium.

References

  • 1. Ulubay M, Yurt KK, Kaplan AA, Atilla MK. The use of diclofenac sodium in urological practice: a structural and neurochemical based review. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. 2018 Jan 1;87:32-6. Available from: <URL>
  • 2. Li X, He Q, Li H, Gao X, Hu M, Li S, Zhai Q, Jiang Y, Wang X. Bioconversion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac and naproxen by chloroperoxidase. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 2017 Apr 15;120:7-16. Available from: <URL>
  • 3. Cunha S, Pena A, Fernandes J, Mussels as bioindicators of diclofenac contamination in coastal environments. Environ. Pollut. 2017; 225: 354- 360. Available from: <URL>
  • 4. Shewaiter MA, Hammady TM, El-Gindy A, Hammadi SH, Gad S. Formulation and characterization of leflunomide/diclofenac sodium microemulsion base-gel for the transdermal treatment of inflammatory joint diseases. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. 2021 Feb 1;61:102110. Available from: <URL>
  • 5. Sarhangzadeh K, Khatami AA, Jabbari M, Bahari S. Simultaneous determination of diclofenac and indomethacin using a sensitive electrochemical sensor based on multiwalled carbon nanotube and ionic liquid nanocomposite. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 2013 Dec;43(12):1217-24. Available from: <URL>
  • 6. Davarani SSH, Pourahadi A, Nojavan S, Banitaba MH, Nasiri-Aghdam M. Electro membrane extraction of sodium diclofenac as an acidic compound from wastewater, urine, bovine milk, and plasma samples and quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analytica chimica acta. 2012 Apr 13;722:55-62. Available from: <URL>
  • 7. de Paiva Carvalho RL, Leonardo PS, Mendes GD, Lima FP, Lima MO, Marcos RL, Lopes-Martins RA. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamics of Sodium diclofenac (Topical and IM) associated with laser photobiomodulation on skeletal muscle strain in rats. International Journal of Photoenergy. 2019 Mar 3;2019. Available from: <URL>
  • 8. Kołodziejska J, Kołodziejczyk M. Diclofenac in the treatment of pain in patients with rheumatic diseases. Reumatologia/Rheumatology. 2018 Jun 30;56(3):174-83. Available from: <URL>
  • 9. Roškar R, Kmetec V. Liquid chromatographic determination of diclofenac in human synovial fluid. Journal of Chromatography B. 2003 May 5;788(1):57-64. Available from: <URL>
  • 10. Arcelloni C, Lanzi R, Pedercini S, Molteni G, Fermo I, Pontiroli A, Paroni R. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of diclofenac in human plasma after solid-phase extraction. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications. 2001 Nov 5;763(1-2):195-200. Available from: <URL>
  • 11. Jin W, Zhang J. Determination of diclofenac sodium by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Journal of Chromatography A. 2000 Jan 28;868(1):101-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 12. Bucci R, Magrì A, Magrì A. DSC in the chemical analysis of drugs. Determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical formulations. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry. 2000 Aug 1;61(2):369-76. Available from: <URL>
  • 13. Tubino M, Souza RL. Gravimetric method for the determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical preparations. Journal of AOAC International. 2005 Sep 1;88(6):1684-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 14. Souza RL, Tubino M. Spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical preparations. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society. 2005;16:1068-73. Available from: <URL>
  • 15. Patel N P & Hinge M. Development and validation of UV spectroscopic method for simultaneous estimation of methocarbamol and diclofenac sodium in injection dosage form. Wjpps. 2016;5(4), 1625-1636. Available from: <URL>
  • 16. Adhikari B, Majumdar S. Polymers in sensor applications. Progress in polymer science. 2004 Jul 1;29(7):699-766. Available from: <URL>
  • 17. Yilmaz B. GC–MS determination of diclofenac in human plasma. Chromatographia. 2010 Mar;71:549-51. Available from: <URL>
  • 18. Li, X., He, Q., Li, H., Gao, X., Hu, M., Li, S., ... and Wang, X. (2017). Bioconversion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs diclofenac and naproxen by chloroperoxidase. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 120, 7-16.
  • 19. Brahman PK, Pandey N, Kumar JS, Somarouthu P, Tiwari S, Pitre KS. Highly sensitive stripping voltammetric determination of a biomolecule, pyruvic acid in solubilized system and biological fluids. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2016 Nov 1;9:S1897-904. Available from: <URL>
  • 20. Reddy KR, Brahman PK, Suresh L. Fabrication of high performance disposable screen printed electrochemical sensor for ciprofloxacin sensing in biological samples. Measurement.2018;127:175-186. Available from: <URL> 21. Brahman PK, Suresh L, Lokesh V, Nizamuddin S. Fabrication of highly sensitive and selective nanocomposite film based on CuNPs/fullerene-C60/MWCNTs: An electrochemical nanosensor for trace recognition of paracetamol. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2016 Apr 21;917:107-16. Available from: <URL>
  • 22. Brahman PK, Suresh L, Reddy KR, Bondili JS. An electrochemical sensing platform for trace recognition and detection of an anti-prostate cancer drug flutamide in biological samples. RSC advances. 2017;7(60):37898-907. Available from: <URL>
  • 23. Brahman PK, Pandey N, Topkaya SN, Singhai R. Fullerene-C60-MWCNT composite film based ultrasensitive electrochemical sensing platform for the trace analysis of pyruvic acid in biological fluids. Talanta. 2015;134:554-559. Available from: <URL>
  • 24. Sun D, Zhang Z, Ma W, Wang L. Preparation of a poly (L-tyrosine) modified electrode and voltammetric determination of dopamine. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory. 2005;24(7):28.
  • 25. Ly SY. Detection of dopamine in the pharmacy with a carbon nanotube paste electrode using voltammetry. Bioelectrochemistry. 2006 May 1;68(2):227-31. Available from: <URL>
  • 26. Wang CY, Hu XY, Di Jin G, Leng ZZ. Differential pulse adsorption voltammetry for determination of procaine hydrochloride at a pumice modified carbon paste electrode in pharmaceutical preparations and urine. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2002 Aug 22;30(1):131-9. Available from: <URL>
  • 27. Manea F, Ihos M, Remes A, Burtica G, Schoonman J. Electrochemical determination of diclofenac sodium in aqueous solution on Cu‐doped zeolite‐expanded graphite‐epoxy electrode. Electroanalysis. 2010 Sep;22(17‐18):2058-63. Available from: <URL>
  • 28. Chethana BK, Basavanna S, Arthoba Naik Y. Voltammetric determination of diclofenac sodium using tyrosine-modified carbon paste electrode. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2012 Aug 8;51(31):10287-95. Available from: <URL>
  • 29. Kormosh Z, Hunka I, Bazel Y. An electrode immobilized in a graphite matrix with ion pair complex for the determination of diclofenac in pharmaceuticals. Journal of the Iranian Chemical Research. 2008; 25-32.
  • 30. Kormosh Z, Hunka I, Bazel Y. Potentiometric determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical formulation by membrane electrode based on ion associate with base dye. Chinese Chemical Letters. 2007 Sep 1;18(9):1103-6. Available from: <URL>
  • 31. Kormosh Z, Hunka I, Bazel Y. Preparation and characterization of a diclofenac sensitive electrode based on a PVC matrix membrane. Acta Chimica Slovenica. 2008 Jun 1;55(2).
  • 32. Shamsipur M, Jalali F, Ershad S. Preparation of a diclofenac potentiometric sensor and its application to pharmaceutical analysis and to drug recovery from biological fluids. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2005 Apr 29;37(5):943-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 33. Maleki R, Matin AA, Hosseinzadeh R, Jouyban A. PVC membrane sensor for diclofenac: applications in pharmaceutical analysis and drug binding studies. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2007 Sep 1;62(9):672-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 34. Oliveira MC, Bindewald EH, Marcolino Jr LH, Bergamini MF. Potentiometric determination of Diclofenac using an ion-selective electrode prepared from polypyrrole films. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 2014 Oct 15;732:11-6. Available from: <URL>
  • 35. Shalauddin M, Akhter S, Bagheri S, Abd Karim MS, Kadri NA, Basirun WJ. Immobilized copper ions on MWCNTS-Chitosan thin film: Enhanced amperometric sensor for electrochemical determination of diclofenac sodium in aqueous solution. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2017 Aug 3;42(31):19951-60. Available from: <URL>
  • 36. Mostafavi M, Yaftian MR, Piri F, Shayani-Jam H. A new diclofenac molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based upon a polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide nano-composite. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 2018 Dec 30;122:160-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 37. Killedar L, Ilager D, Shetti NP, Aminabhavi TM, Reddy KR. Synthesis of ruthenium doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles for the electrochemical detection of diclofenac sodium. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021 Oct 15;340:116891. Available from: <URL>
  • 38. Nasiri F, Rounaghi GH, Ashraf N, Deiminiat B. A new electrochemical sensing platform for quantitative determination of diclofenac based on gold nanoparticles decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/graphene oxide nanocomposite film. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2021 Jan 26;101(2):153-66. Available from: <URL>
  • 39. Al-Hyali RH, Al-Taee AT. A New GE/MWCNTs/PFA modified electrode for simultaneous determination of catechol and hydroquinone. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021;14(2):828-32. Available from: <URL>
  • 40. Morrin A, Killard AJ, Smyth MR. Electrochemical characterization of commercial and home-made screen-printed carbon electrodes. Analytical letters. 2003 Jan 8;36(9):2021-39. Available from: <URL>
  • 41. Xu H, Zhang J, Chen Y, Lu H, Zhuang J. Electrochemical polymerization of polyaniline doped with Cu 2+ as the electrode material for electrochemical supercapacitors. RSC Advances. 2014;4(11):5547-52. Available from: <URL>
  • 42. Al-Taee AT, Al-Hyali RH. Electrochemical Behavior of Oxytocin Hormone Through Its Cysteine Reduction Peak Using Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with Poly Furfurylamine and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry. 2021 Oct 1;64(10):5831-7. Available from: <URL>
  • 43. Ensafi AA, Izadi M, Karimi-Maleh H. Sensitive voltammetric determination of diclofenac using room-temperature ionic liquid-modified carbon nanotubes paste electrode. Ionics. 2013 Jan;19:137-44. Available from: <URL>
  • 44. Eteya MM, Rounaghi GH, Deiminiat B. Fabrication of a new electrochemical sensor based on AuPt bimetallic nanoparticles decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes for determination of diclofenac. Microchemical Journal. 2019 Jan 1;144:254-60. Available from: <URL>
  • 45. Slim C, Tlili N, Richard C, Griveau S, Bedioui F. Amperometric detection of diclofenac at a nano-structured multi-wall carbon nanotubes sensing films. Inorganic Chemistry Communications. 2019 Sep 1;107:107454. Available from: <URL>
  • 46. Ahmed Anwar AA, Mahmoud R, El-Fatah GA, Farghali AA, Hassouna ME. Electrochemical determination of diclofenac sodium using modified carbon paste electrode-based Zn/Fe-PANI and its efficient removal using three different layered double hydroxides. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2023 Jul 17:1-20. Available from: <URL>
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electrochemistry
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors

Rana H. Al-hyali 0000-0002-1229-4531

Amer Th Al-taee 0000-0003-0248-4371

Publication Date February 4, 2024
Submission Date June 27, 2023
Acceptance Date September 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Al-hyali RH, Al-taee AT. Indirect Determination of Diclofenac Sodium Through its Interaction with the Aniline Oxidation Peak. JOTCSA. 2024;11(1):47-54.