Asphodelus aestivus Brot. ve Nigella sativa L. esansiyel yağının bazı fungus türlerine karşı antifungal etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 28 - 35, 29.04.2024

Alper Zöngür

Abstract

Günümüzde çoğu bitki farmasötik çalışmaların konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, tamamlayıcı tıpta sıklıkla kullanılan Asphodelus aestivus Brot. ve Nigella sativa L. bitki uçucu yağ içeriğinin belirlenmesi ve antifungal etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Bitki uçucu yağlarının eldesi, hidrodistilasyon yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Elde edilen uçucu yağ bileşenleri ise Gaz Kromotografisi-Kütle Spektrometresi (GC/MS) ile belirlenmiştir. A. aestivus Brot. bitkisinde toplam 22 farklı bileşen bulunmuş olup uçucu yağında pentakozan %15.19, trikozan %14.36, oktadekatrienoik asit %19.62 ve hekzadekanoik asit %16.94 olarak belirlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, N. sativa L. bitkisinde toplam 26 farklı bileşen bulunmuş olup uçucu yağında p-simen %23.64 ve timokinon %32.56 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, farklı konsantrasyondaki bitki uçucu yağları sırasıyla (0.1 µL, 1 µL, 10 µL, 100 µL, 1000 µL); Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus oryzae, Penicillium expansum, Alternaria solani ve Aspergillus paraciticus fungus türleri üzerinde test edilmiştir. Uçucu yağların antifungal aktivite testleri disk difizyon metodu ile yapılmış ve inhibisyon çapları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, A. aestivus Brot. ve N. sativa L.’nın farklı uçucu yağ konsantrasyonlarının tüm türlerde etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Dahası, bitkisel uçucu yağların yüksek konsantrasyonlarının diğer türlere göre, F. oxysporum türlerini % 28.8-33.1 daha fazla inhibe ederken, A. flavus türlerini ise %22.4-26.1 oranın da daha az inhibe ettiği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Antifungal etki, Asphodelus aestivus, Nigella sativa, uçucu yağlar

Ethical Statement

“Bu makalenin yazarları, bu çalışmada kullanılan materyal ve yöntemlerin etik kurul izni ve / veya yasal-özel izin gerektirmediğini beyan etmektedir."

Antifungal effect of essential oil of Asphodelus aestivus Brot. and Nigella sativa L. against some fungus species

Abstract

Today, most plants are the subject of pharmaceutical studies. This study was conducted to determine the essential oil content of Asphodelus aestivus Brot. and Nigella sativa L. plants, which are frequently used in complementary medicine, and to evaluate their antifungal activity. Plant essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation method. The components of the essential oils obtained were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 22 different components were found in the A. aestivus Brot. plant, and its essential oil was determined as pentacosane 15.19%, tricosane 14.36%, octadecatrienoic acid 19.62% and hexadecanoic acid 16.94%. Similarly, a total of 26 different components were found in N. sativa L. plant, and p-cymene was determined as 23.64% and thymoquinone was determined as 32.56% in its essential oil. Additionally, plant essential oils at different concentrations were used respectively (0.1 µL, 1 µL, 10 µL, 100 µL, 1000 µL); It has been tested on the fungal species Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus oryzae, Penicillium expansum, Alternaria solani and Aspergillus paraciticus. Antifungal activity tests of essential oils were performed by disk diffusion method and inhibition diameters were determined. As a result, different essential oil concentrations of A. aestivus Brot. and N. sativa L. were found to be effective in all species. Moreover, it was determined that high concentrations of herbal essential oils inhibited F. oxysporum species by 28.8-33.1% more and inhibited A. flavus species by 22.4-26.1% less than other species.

Keywords

Antifungal effect, Asphodelus aestivus, Nigella sativa, essential oils

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