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GÖNÜLSÜZ ÇOCUKSUZLUK: KADIN İNFERTİLİTESİ VE DAMGALANMA

Year 2024, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 58 - 66, 30.04.2024

Abstract

İnfertilite tanısı alan ve gönülsüz çocuksuzluk durumunu yaşayan çiftlerde kadınlar, daha fazla damgalanma yaşamaktadır. Erkeklerin doğurganlığının genellikle spermlerinin kalitesiyle, kadınların doğurganlığının ise üreme organları, hormonlar ve psikososyal ortam gibi birçok birleşenler ile bağlantılı olması; kadınların erkeklerden daha fazla damgalanmasına neden olmaktadır. Çocuk doğuramama damgası ve bununla ilgili sosyal baskılar, kadınların yaşamlarının ve iyilik halinin tüm boyutlarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Çok istese de çocuk sahibi olamayan kadın için damgalanma; dışlanma, sosyal izolasyon, şiddet, terk edilme, çok eşlilik, psikolojik problemler ve tedavi reddi-aksaması gibi birçok sorunu beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı; infertilite sorunu yaşayan kadınların damgalanması konusunda farkındalık yaratmak, damgalanmaya neden olan faktörlere, yaşanan sorunlara ve çözüm önerilerine yönelik bilgiler vererek sağlık profesyonellerine yol gösterici olmaktır.

References

  • Akalewold, M., Yohannes, G.W., Abdo, Z.A., Hailu, Y., Negesse, A. (2022). Magnitude of infertility and associated factors among women attending selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health, 22(1):11.
  • Alhassan, A., Ziblim, A.R., Muntaka, S. (2014). A survey on depression among infertile women in Ghana. BMC Womens Health, 14(1), 42.
  • Bayraktar, E. (2018). Toplumsal cinsiyet, kültür ve şiddetin infertilite ile ilişkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(3), 234-238.
  • Curtis, M. (2017). Inconceivable: how barriers to infertility treatment for low-income women amount to reproductive oppression. Geo. J. on Poverty L. & Pol'y, 25, 323.
  • Çaltekin, M.D., Başer, E., Kırmızı, D.A., Taylan, O., Mustafa, K., & Yalvaç, E.S. (2019). The relationship between infertility with sociocultural and economic situation. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, 9(4), 117-123.
  • Dierickx, S., Rahbari, L., Longman, C., Jaiteh, F., & Coene, G. (2018). “I am always crying on the inside”: A qualitative study on the implications of infertility on women’s lives in urban Gambia. Reproductive Health, 15, 1-11.
  • Cetişli, N. E., Ören, E. D. T., & Ferda, K. (2019). İnfertil çiftlerde çift uyumu ve umutsuzluk. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, (3), 422-426.
  • Emekli, H., & Şakiroğlu, M. (2022). İnfertilite tanısı alan kadınların stigma deneyimleri ve baş etme yolları: Br derleme. Dünya İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, (2), 139-150.
  • Fırat, B.Ö., & Şahin, N.H. (2022). Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri kapsamında infertilite ve damgalanma: bir sistematik derleme. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 93-103.
  • Gong, N., Meng, Y., Hu, Q., Du, Q., Wu, X., Zou, W., ... & Zhang, M. (2022). Obstacles to access to community care in urban senior-only households: a qualitative study. BMC geriatrics, 22(1), 122.
  • Gül, M. (2022). A feminist debate on being an infertile woman. Atatürk Üniversitesi Kadın Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 49-54.
  • Hasanpoor-Azghdy, S.B., Simbar, M., & Vedadhir, A. (2015). The social consequences of infertility among Iranian women: A qualitative study. International Journal of Fertility & Sterility, 8(4), 409.
  • Höbek Akarsu, R., & Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2021). Spiritual and religious issues of stigmatization women with infertility: A qualitative study: spiritual and religious issues of stigmatization. Journal of Religion and Health, 60, 256-267.
  • İlerisoy, M. (2015). İnfertilite tedavisi gören bireylerin duygusal yaşantıları ve baş etme yöntemleri üzerine bir araştırma. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(28), 143.
  • Jansen, N.A., & Saint Onge, J.M. (2015). An internet forum analysis of stigma power perceptions among women seeking fertility treatment in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 147, 184-189.
  • Karaca, A., & Ünsal, G. (2012). İnfertilitenin kadın ruh sağlığı üzerine etkileri ve psikiyatri hemşiresinin rolü. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 3(2).
  • Kaya, Z., & Oskay, U. (2020). Stigma, hopelessness and coping experiences of Turkish women with infertility. Journal of Reproductive and İnfant Psychology, 38(5), 485-496.
  • Kucuk, S., & Koruk, F. (2022). Being an infertile woman in a highly fertile region of Turkey: Stigmatisation and coping experiences. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 19(2).
  • Li, Y., Zhang, X., Shi, M., Guo, S., & Wang, L. (2019). Resilience acts as a moderator in the relationship between infertility-related stress and fertility quality of life among women with infertility: a cross-sectional study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 17(1), 1-9.
  • Naab, F., Lawali, Y., & Donkor, E. S. (2019). “My mother-in-law forced my husband to divorce me”: Experiences of women with infertility in Zamfara State of Nigeria. PloS one, 14(12), e0225149.
  • Oti-Boadi, M., & Oppong Asante, K. (2017). Psychological health and religious coping of Ghanaian women with infertility. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 11, 1-7.
  • Ozturk, R., Taner, A., Guneri, S. E., & Yilmaz, B. (2017). Another face of violence against women: Infertility. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(4), 909.
  • Patel, A., Sharma, P., Kumar, P., & Binu, V.S. (2018). Sociocultural determinants of infertility stress in patients undergoing fertility treatments. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 11(2), 172.
  • Sylvest, R., Fürbringer, J. K., Pinborg, A., Koert, E., Bogstad, J., Loessl, K., ... & Schmidt, L. (2018). Low semen quality and experiences of masculinity and family building. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 97(6), 727-733.
  • Taebi, M., Kariman, N., Montazeri, A., & Majd, H.A. (2020). Development and psychometric evaluation of the female infertility stigma instrument (ISI-F): Protocol for a mixed method study. Reproductive Health, 17, 1-6.
  • Terzioğlu, F. İnfertilite ve yardımcı üreme teknikleri. Editör: Taşkın L. Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği, IX. baskı, Sistem Ofset Matbaacılık, Ankara 2019, s:547.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması (TNSA), 2018. (30 Ocak 2024). http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/ TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
  • WHO. Infertility Key Facts 2020. (3 Nisan 2023). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infertility
  • Yilmaz, E., & Kavak, F. (2019). The effect of stigma on depression levels of Turkish women with infertility. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 55(3), 378-382.

INVOLUNTARY CHILDLESSNESS: FEMALE INFERTILITY AND STIGMA

Year 2024, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 58 - 66, 30.04.2024

Abstract

In couples diagnosed with infertility and experiencing involuntary childlessness, women experience more stigma. Men's fertility is often linked to the quality of their sperm, while women's fertility is linked to many components such as reproductive organs, hormones, and psychosocial environment; causes women to be stigmatized more than men. The stigma of not giving birth and the associated social pressures negatively affect all aspects of women's lives and well-being. Stigmatization for the woman who could not have a child even if she wanted to; it brings with it many problems such as exclusion, social isolation, violence, abandonment, polygamy, psychological problems and treatment refusal. The purpose of this review; it aims to be a professional guide to the health of women with infertility problems by providing information about the permanence of women, the factors that cause them to be permanent, the experiences and solution suggestions.

References

  • Akalewold, M., Yohannes, G.W., Abdo, Z.A., Hailu, Y., Negesse, A. (2022). Magnitude of infertility and associated factors among women attending selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health, 22(1):11.
  • Alhassan, A., Ziblim, A.R., Muntaka, S. (2014). A survey on depression among infertile women in Ghana. BMC Womens Health, 14(1), 42.
  • Bayraktar, E. (2018). Toplumsal cinsiyet, kültür ve şiddetin infertilite ile ilişkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(3), 234-238.
  • Curtis, M. (2017). Inconceivable: how barriers to infertility treatment for low-income women amount to reproductive oppression. Geo. J. on Poverty L. & Pol'y, 25, 323.
  • Çaltekin, M.D., Başer, E., Kırmızı, D.A., Taylan, O., Mustafa, K., & Yalvaç, E.S. (2019). The relationship between infertility with sociocultural and economic situation. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, 9(4), 117-123.
  • Dierickx, S., Rahbari, L., Longman, C., Jaiteh, F., & Coene, G. (2018). “I am always crying on the inside”: A qualitative study on the implications of infertility on women’s lives in urban Gambia. Reproductive Health, 15, 1-11.
  • Cetişli, N. E., Ören, E. D. T., & Ferda, K. (2019). İnfertil çiftlerde çift uyumu ve umutsuzluk. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, (3), 422-426.
  • Emekli, H., & Şakiroğlu, M. (2022). İnfertilite tanısı alan kadınların stigma deneyimleri ve baş etme yolları: Br derleme. Dünya İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, (2), 139-150.
  • Fırat, B.Ö., & Şahin, N.H. (2022). Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri kapsamında infertilite ve damgalanma: bir sistematik derleme. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 93-103.
  • Gong, N., Meng, Y., Hu, Q., Du, Q., Wu, X., Zou, W., ... & Zhang, M. (2022). Obstacles to access to community care in urban senior-only households: a qualitative study. BMC geriatrics, 22(1), 122.
  • Gül, M. (2022). A feminist debate on being an infertile woman. Atatürk Üniversitesi Kadın Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 49-54.
  • Hasanpoor-Azghdy, S.B., Simbar, M., & Vedadhir, A. (2015). The social consequences of infertility among Iranian women: A qualitative study. International Journal of Fertility & Sterility, 8(4), 409.
  • Höbek Akarsu, R., & Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2021). Spiritual and religious issues of stigmatization women with infertility: A qualitative study: spiritual and religious issues of stigmatization. Journal of Religion and Health, 60, 256-267.
  • İlerisoy, M. (2015). İnfertilite tedavisi gören bireylerin duygusal yaşantıları ve baş etme yöntemleri üzerine bir araştırma. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(28), 143.
  • Jansen, N.A., & Saint Onge, J.M. (2015). An internet forum analysis of stigma power perceptions among women seeking fertility treatment in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 147, 184-189.
  • Karaca, A., & Ünsal, G. (2012). İnfertilitenin kadın ruh sağlığı üzerine etkileri ve psikiyatri hemşiresinin rolü. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 3(2).
  • Kaya, Z., & Oskay, U. (2020). Stigma, hopelessness and coping experiences of Turkish women with infertility. Journal of Reproductive and İnfant Psychology, 38(5), 485-496.
  • Kucuk, S., & Koruk, F. (2022). Being an infertile woman in a highly fertile region of Turkey: Stigmatisation and coping experiences. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 19(2).
  • Li, Y., Zhang, X., Shi, M., Guo, S., & Wang, L. (2019). Resilience acts as a moderator in the relationship between infertility-related stress and fertility quality of life among women with infertility: a cross-sectional study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 17(1), 1-9.
  • Naab, F., Lawali, Y., & Donkor, E. S. (2019). “My mother-in-law forced my husband to divorce me”: Experiences of women with infertility in Zamfara State of Nigeria. PloS one, 14(12), e0225149.
  • Oti-Boadi, M., & Oppong Asante, K. (2017). Psychological health and religious coping of Ghanaian women with infertility. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 11, 1-7.
  • Ozturk, R., Taner, A., Guneri, S. E., & Yilmaz, B. (2017). Another face of violence against women: Infertility. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 33(4), 909.
  • Patel, A., Sharma, P., Kumar, P., & Binu, V.S. (2018). Sociocultural determinants of infertility stress in patients undergoing fertility treatments. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 11(2), 172.
  • Sylvest, R., Fürbringer, J. K., Pinborg, A., Koert, E., Bogstad, J., Loessl, K., ... & Schmidt, L. (2018). Low semen quality and experiences of masculinity and family building. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 97(6), 727-733.
  • Taebi, M., Kariman, N., Montazeri, A., & Majd, H.A. (2020). Development and psychometric evaluation of the female infertility stigma instrument (ISI-F): Protocol for a mixed method study. Reproductive Health, 17, 1-6.
  • Terzioğlu, F. İnfertilite ve yardımcı üreme teknikleri. Editör: Taşkın L. Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği, IX. baskı, Sistem Ofset Matbaacılık, Ankara 2019, s:547.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması (TNSA), 2018. (30 Ocak 2024). http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/ TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
  • WHO. Infertility Key Facts 2020. (3 Nisan 2023). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infertility
  • Yilmaz, E., & Kavak, F. (2019). The effect of stigma on depression levels of Turkish women with infertility. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 55(3), 378-382.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Obstetrics and Gynocology Nursing
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Sümeyya Senim 0009-0000-7669-5660

Sidar Gül 0000-0002-5766-4129

Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date July 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Senim, S., & Gül, S. (2024). INVOLUNTARY CHILDLESSNESS: FEMALE INFERTILITY AND STIGMA. Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 58-66.