Research Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 33 - 38, 26.01.2021

Abstract

References

  • Barsky, A.J., Goodson, J.D., Lane, R.S., Cleary, P.D., 1988. The amplification of somatic symptoms. Psychosom. Med. 50, 510–519.
  • de Medeiros Carvalho, P.M., Moreira, M.M., de Oliveira, M.N.A., Landim, J.M.M., Neto, M.L.R., 2020. The psychiatric impact of the novel coronavirus outbreak. Psychiatry Res. 286, 112902.
  • Fernandez, C., Fernandez, R., Amigo, D.I., 2005. Characteristics and one-year follow-up of primary care patients with health anxiety. Prim. Care Community Psychiatry 10, 81.
  • Gooding, P.A., Hurst, A., Johnson, J., Tarrier, N., 2012. Psychological resilience in young and older adults. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 27, 262–270.
  • Hafiz, H., Oei, S.-Y., Ring, D.M., Shnitser, N., 2020. Regulating in Pandemic: Evaluating Economic and Financial Policy Responses to the Coronavirus Crisis, in: Boston College Law School Legal Studies Research Paper.
  • Huang, Y., Zhao, N., 2020. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res. 112954.
  • Jacobs, J., Taylor, M., Agho, K., Stevens, G., Barr, M., Raphael, B., 2010. Factors associated with increased risk perception of pandemic influenza in Australia. Influenza Res. Treat. 2010.
  • Katon, W.J., Walker, E.A., 1998. Medically unexplained symptoms in primary care. J. Clin. Psychiatry.
  • Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K., 2009. Psychoneuroimmunology: Psychology’s gateway to the biomedical future. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 4, 367–369.
  • Kilgo, D.K., Yoo, J., Johnson, T.J., 2019. Spreading Ebola panic: Newspaper and social media coverage of the 2014 Ebola health crisis. Health Commun. 34, 811–817.
  • Kivrak, Y., Kose-Ozlece, H., Ustundag, M.F., Asoglu, M., 2016. Pain perception: predictive value of sex, depression, anxiety, somatosensory amplification, obesity, and age. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 12, 1913.
  • Korkmaz, H., Korkmaz, S., Yildiz, S., Gündoğan, B., Atmaca, M., 2017. Determination of health anxiety, anxiety, and somatosensory amplification levels in individuals with normal coronary angiography. Psychiatry Res. 252, 114–117.
  • Köteles, F., Witthöft, M., 2017. Somatosensory amplification–An old construct from a new perspective. J. Psychosom. Res. 101, 1–9.
  • Leal, P.C., Goes, T.C., da Silva, L.C.F., Teixeira-Silva, F., 2017. Trait vs. state anxiety in different threatening situations. Trends psychiatry Psychother. 39, 147–157.
  • Limcaoco, R.S.G., Mateos, E.M., Fernandez, J.M., Roncero, C., 2020. Anxiety, worry and perceived stress in the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic, March 2020. Preliminary results. medRxiv.
  • Lindström, M., Rosvall, M., 2012. Marital status, social capital, economic stress, and mental health: A population-based study. Soc. Sci. J. 49, 339–342.
  • Matsuishi, K., Kawazoe, A., Imai, H., Ito, A., Mouri, K., Kitamura, N., Miyake, K., Mino, K., Isobe, M., Takamiya, S., 2012. Psychological impact of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 on general hospital workers in Kobe. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 66, 353–360.
  • Montemurro, N., 2020. The emotional impact of COVID-19: From medical staff to common people. Brain. Behav. Immun.
  • Nakao, M., Tamiya, N., Yano, E., 2005. Gender and somatosensory amplification in relation to perceived work stress and social support in Japanese workers. Women Health 42, 41–54.
  • Öner, N., 2006. Türkiye’de kullanılan psikolojik testlerden örnekler. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Peleg, O., Messerschmidt‐Grandi, C., 2019. Differentiation of self and trait anxiety: A cross‐cultural perspective. Int. J. Psychol. 54, 816–827.
  • Ree, M.J., French, D., MacLeod, C., Locke, V., 2008. Distinguishing cognitive and somatic dimensions of state and trait anxiety: Development and validation of the State-Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA). Behav. Cogn. Psychother. 36, 313–332.
  • Rubin, G.J., Amlôt, R., Page, L., Wessely, S., 2009. Public perceptions, anxiety, and behaviour change in relation to the swine flu outbreak: cross sectional telephone survey. Bmj 339, b2651.
  • Sayar, K., Güleç, H., Topbaş, M., 2003. Bedensel Duyumları Büyütme Ölçeği’nin Güvenirliği. 39, in: Ulusal Psikiyatri Kongresi Kitabı. pp. 14–19.
  • Shevlin, M., McBride, O., Murphy, J., Miller, J.G., Hartman, T.K., Levita, L., Mason, L., Martinez, A.P., McKay, R., Stocks, T.V.A., 2020. Anxiety, Depression, Traumatic Stress, and COVID-19 Related Anxiety in the UK General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
  • Soni, M., Curran, V.H., Kamboj, S.K., 2013. Identification of a narrow post-ovulatory window of vulnerability to distressing involuntary memories in healthy women. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 104, 32–38.
  • Spielberger, C.D., 1970. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory (Self-evaluation questionnare). Consult. Psychogyists Press.
  • Taha, S., Matheson, K., Cronin, T., Anisman, H., 2014. Intolerance of uncertainty, appraisals, coping, and anxiety: The case of the 2009 H 1 N 1 pandemic. Br. J. Health Psychol. 19, 592–605.
  • Wheaton, M.G., Abramowitz, J.S., Berman, N.C., Fabricant, L.E., Olatunji, B.O., 2012. Psychological predictors of anxiety in response to the H1N1 (swine flu) pandemic. Cognit. Ther. Res. 36, 210–218.
  • Yang, R., Sun, Haoran, Wu, Y., Lu, G., Wang, Y., Qi, L., Zhou, J., Sun, Hongwei, Sun, L., 2019. Long-lasting sex-specific effects based on emotion-and cognition-related behavioral assessment of adult rats after post-traumatic stress disorder from different lengths of maternal separation. Front. psychiatry 10, 289.
  • Yao, H., Chen, J.-H., Xu, Y.-F., 2020. Patients with mental health disorders in the COVID-19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry 7, e21.

State-trait anxiety levels in Turkey during COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to somatosensory amplification

Year 2021, Volume: 38 Issue: 1, 33 - 38, 26.01.2021

Abstract

Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic which is a global public health problem continues to affect humans both physically and psychologically all around the world. So, it is important to diagnose and manage the anxiety while fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to separately evaluate state and trait anxiety in the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. In addition, it was aimed to investigate the relation of demographic variable with state anxiety in the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the relationship between trait anxiety and somatosensory amplification with state anxiety.726 participants who responded to online survey between March 30th and April 20th, 2020 were evaluated. All participants answered the survey that covered sociodemographic data and questions specifically about COVID-19 pandemic as well as State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Somatosensory Amplification Scale. Pearson test was used for correlation analysis, ordinal variables were analyzed with Spearman correlation test. State anxiety is higher, if the participant is woman, has an acquaintance with the COVID-19 positivity, has a chronic medical condition and currently receiving or has history of psychiatric treatment. Age, monthly income, trait anxiety level and somatosensory amplification are also factors related to state anxiety. In conclusion, it is considered that those populations may be more vulnerable to the psychological effects of pandemic and they should be closely followed up for longer periods.

References

  • Barsky, A.J., Goodson, J.D., Lane, R.S., Cleary, P.D., 1988. The amplification of somatic symptoms. Psychosom. Med. 50, 510–519.
  • de Medeiros Carvalho, P.M., Moreira, M.M., de Oliveira, M.N.A., Landim, J.M.M., Neto, M.L.R., 2020. The psychiatric impact of the novel coronavirus outbreak. Psychiatry Res. 286, 112902.
  • Fernandez, C., Fernandez, R., Amigo, D.I., 2005. Characteristics and one-year follow-up of primary care patients with health anxiety. Prim. Care Community Psychiatry 10, 81.
  • Gooding, P.A., Hurst, A., Johnson, J., Tarrier, N., 2012. Psychological resilience in young and older adults. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 27, 262–270.
  • Hafiz, H., Oei, S.-Y., Ring, D.M., Shnitser, N., 2020. Regulating in Pandemic: Evaluating Economic and Financial Policy Responses to the Coronavirus Crisis, in: Boston College Law School Legal Studies Research Paper.
  • Huang, Y., Zhao, N., 2020. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res. 112954.
  • Jacobs, J., Taylor, M., Agho, K., Stevens, G., Barr, M., Raphael, B., 2010. Factors associated with increased risk perception of pandemic influenza in Australia. Influenza Res. Treat. 2010.
  • Katon, W.J., Walker, E.A., 1998. Medically unexplained symptoms in primary care. J. Clin. Psychiatry.
  • Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K., 2009. Psychoneuroimmunology: Psychology’s gateway to the biomedical future. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 4, 367–369.
  • Kilgo, D.K., Yoo, J., Johnson, T.J., 2019. Spreading Ebola panic: Newspaper and social media coverage of the 2014 Ebola health crisis. Health Commun. 34, 811–817.
  • Kivrak, Y., Kose-Ozlece, H., Ustundag, M.F., Asoglu, M., 2016. Pain perception: predictive value of sex, depression, anxiety, somatosensory amplification, obesity, and age. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 12, 1913.
  • Korkmaz, H., Korkmaz, S., Yildiz, S., Gündoğan, B., Atmaca, M., 2017. Determination of health anxiety, anxiety, and somatosensory amplification levels in individuals with normal coronary angiography. Psychiatry Res. 252, 114–117.
  • Köteles, F., Witthöft, M., 2017. Somatosensory amplification–An old construct from a new perspective. J. Psychosom. Res. 101, 1–9.
  • Leal, P.C., Goes, T.C., da Silva, L.C.F., Teixeira-Silva, F., 2017. Trait vs. state anxiety in different threatening situations. Trends psychiatry Psychother. 39, 147–157.
  • Limcaoco, R.S.G., Mateos, E.M., Fernandez, J.M., Roncero, C., 2020. Anxiety, worry and perceived stress in the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic, March 2020. Preliminary results. medRxiv.
  • Lindström, M., Rosvall, M., 2012. Marital status, social capital, economic stress, and mental health: A population-based study. Soc. Sci. J. 49, 339–342.
  • Matsuishi, K., Kawazoe, A., Imai, H., Ito, A., Mouri, K., Kitamura, N., Miyake, K., Mino, K., Isobe, M., Takamiya, S., 2012. Psychological impact of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 on general hospital workers in Kobe. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 66, 353–360.
  • Montemurro, N., 2020. The emotional impact of COVID-19: From medical staff to common people. Brain. Behav. Immun.
  • Nakao, M., Tamiya, N., Yano, E., 2005. Gender and somatosensory amplification in relation to perceived work stress and social support in Japanese workers. Women Health 42, 41–54.
  • Öner, N., 2006. Türkiye’de kullanılan psikolojik testlerden örnekler. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Peleg, O., Messerschmidt‐Grandi, C., 2019. Differentiation of self and trait anxiety: A cross‐cultural perspective. Int. J. Psychol. 54, 816–827.
  • Ree, M.J., French, D., MacLeod, C., Locke, V., 2008. Distinguishing cognitive and somatic dimensions of state and trait anxiety: Development and validation of the State-Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA). Behav. Cogn. Psychother. 36, 313–332.
  • Rubin, G.J., Amlôt, R., Page, L., Wessely, S., 2009. Public perceptions, anxiety, and behaviour change in relation to the swine flu outbreak: cross sectional telephone survey. Bmj 339, b2651.
  • Sayar, K., Güleç, H., Topbaş, M., 2003. Bedensel Duyumları Büyütme Ölçeği’nin Güvenirliği. 39, in: Ulusal Psikiyatri Kongresi Kitabı. pp. 14–19.
  • Shevlin, M., McBride, O., Murphy, J., Miller, J.G., Hartman, T.K., Levita, L., Mason, L., Martinez, A.P., McKay, R., Stocks, T.V.A., 2020. Anxiety, Depression, Traumatic Stress, and COVID-19 Related Anxiety in the UK General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
  • Soni, M., Curran, V.H., Kamboj, S.K., 2013. Identification of a narrow post-ovulatory window of vulnerability to distressing involuntary memories in healthy women. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 104, 32–38.
  • Spielberger, C.D., 1970. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory (Self-evaluation questionnare). Consult. Psychogyists Press.
  • Taha, S., Matheson, K., Cronin, T., Anisman, H., 2014. Intolerance of uncertainty, appraisals, coping, and anxiety: The case of the 2009 H 1 N 1 pandemic. Br. J. Health Psychol. 19, 592–605.
  • Wheaton, M.G., Abramowitz, J.S., Berman, N.C., Fabricant, L.E., Olatunji, B.O., 2012. Psychological predictors of anxiety in response to the H1N1 (swine flu) pandemic. Cognit. Ther. Res. 36, 210–218.
  • Yang, R., Sun, Haoran, Wu, Y., Lu, G., Wang, Y., Qi, L., Zhou, J., Sun, Hongwei, Sun, L., 2019. Long-lasting sex-specific effects based on emotion-and cognition-related behavioral assessment of adult rats after post-traumatic stress disorder from different lengths of maternal separation. Front. psychiatry 10, 289.
  • Yao, H., Chen, J.-H., Xu, Y.-F., 2020. Patients with mental health disorders in the COVID-19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry 7, e21.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Clinical Research
Authors

Özlem Kızılkurt 0000-0001-7121-9139

Gürler Güz 0000-0003-2383-2734

Hatice Özyıldız 0000-0002-3883-6845

Nesrin Dilbaz 0000-0003-0724-3489

Publication Date January 26, 2021
Submission Date September 22, 2020
Acceptance Date December 2, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 38 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kızılkurt, Ö., Güz, G., Özyıldız, H., Dilbaz, N. (2021). State-trait anxiety levels in Turkey during COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to somatosensory amplification. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 38(1), 33-38.
AMA Kızılkurt Ö, Güz G, Özyıldız H, Dilbaz N. State-trait anxiety levels in Turkey during COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to somatosensory amplification. J. Exp. Clin. Med. January 2021;38(1):33-38.
Chicago Kızılkurt, Özlem, Gürler Güz, Hatice Özyıldız, and Nesrin Dilbaz. “State-Trait Anxiety Levels in Turkey During COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship to Somatosensory Amplification”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38, no. 1 (January 2021): 33-38.
EndNote Kızılkurt Ö, Güz G, Özyıldız H, Dilbaz N (January 1, 2021) State-trait anxiety levels in Turkey during COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to somatosensory amplification. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38 1 33–38.
IEEE Ö. Kızılkurt, G. Güz, H. Özyıldız, and N. Dilbaz, “State-trait anxiety levels in Turkey during COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to somatosensory amplification”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 33–38, 2021.
ISNAD Kızılkurt, Özlem et al. “State-Trait Anxiety Levels in Turkey During COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship to Somatosensory Amplification”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38/1 (January 2021), 33-38.
JAMA Kızılkurt Ö, Güz G, Özyıldız H, Dilbaz N. State-trait anxiety levels in Turkey during COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to somatosensory amplification. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2021;38:33–38.
MLA Kızılkurt, Özlem et al. “State-Trait Anxiety Levels in Turkey During COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship to Somatosensory Amplification”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, vol. 38, no. 1, 2021, pp. 33-38.
Vancouver Kızılkurt Ö, Güz G, Özyıldız H, Dilbaz N. State-trait anxiety levels in Turkey during COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to somatosensory amplification. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2021;38(1):33-8.