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EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 235 - 243, 24.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1386383

Abstract

This research was carried out as two separate trials established in two different years to determine the effects of different seed ratios and harvest times of different annual companion crop species on the hay yield and botanical composition of a pasture mixture under Mediterranean climate conditions. The field trials were established in a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement in three replications. The research results showed that barley, annual ryegrass, and berseem clover can be utilized as companion crops in artificial pasture systems. The inclusion of these companion crop species in the pasture mixture resulted in an increase in forage yield and a significant decrease in weed infestation. While delaying the harvest time of the companion crop does not have a notable effect on the proportion of legumes and weeds in the total biomass, it significantly enhances the dry forage yield and the proportion of grasses in the overall biomass of the mixture.

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by the Cukurova University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office under project number FDK-2020-12559.

Project Number

FDK-2020-12559

References

  • Acikgoz, E. 2021. Forage Crops. IV. ed. Ankara: Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Department of Education and Publication.
  • Bakir, O. 1985. Ankara: Pasture Improvement Principles and Practices. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publications: 947.
  • Cicek, H., S. Ates, G. Ozcan, M. Tezel, J.G. Kling, M. Louhaichi and G. Keles. 2020. Effect of nurse crops and seeding rate on the persistence, productivity and nutritive value of sainfoin in a cereal-based production system. Grass and Forage Science 75(1):86-95.
  • Cinar, S., M. Avci, R. Hatipoglu, A. Aktas and F.D. Kokasik. 2011. Research on changing yield and quality of an established pasture in relation to establishment age under Cukurova conditions. Turkey IX. Field Crops Conference, Bursa, 1868-1871.
  • Coulman, B., A. Kleinhout and B. Biligetu. 2019. Annual ryegrass and festulolium as companion crops in the establishment of perennial forage crops. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 99(5):611-623.
  • Cullen, N. A. 1962. The effect of nurse crops on the establishment of pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 7(1):42-51.
  • Davis, W. E. P. 1962. Effects of using oats as a companion crop with orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata L., and white clover, Trifolium repens L., sown for pasture. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 42(4):582-588.
  • Freyman, S. and S. Bittman. 1990. Effect of companion crops on forage establishment in south coastal British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70(3):777-784.
  • Genckan, M. S. 1985. Pasture Culture, Management, Improvement. Izmir: Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Publications.
  • Haggar, R. J. 1969. Use of companion crops in grassland establishment in Nigeria. Experimental Agriculture 5(1):47- 52.
  • Hoy, M. D., K. J. Moore, J. R. George and E.C. Brummer. 2002. Alfalfa yield and quality as influenced by establishment method. Agronomy Journal 94(1): 65-71.
  • Kilcher, M. R. and D. H. Heinrichs. 1960. The Use of cereal grains as companion crops in dryland forage crop establishment. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 40(1):81- 93.
  • Kizilkaya, R. 2020. Evaluation of Soil Analysis Results. Ankara: Neris Investment, Food, Construction Industry and Trade, Inc.
  • Lanini, W. T., S. B. Orloff, R. N. Vargas, J. P. Orr, V. L. Marble and S. R. Grattan. 1991. Oat companion crop seeding rate effect on alfalfa establishment, yield, and weed control. Agronomy Journal, 83(2):330-333.
  • Malhi, S. S. and A. Foster. 2011. Cover crop seeding rate effects on forage yields of oat and barley and underseeded bromegrass-alfalfa mixture. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 42(19):2344-2350.
  • Matteau, C., P. Seguin, B. Baurhoo and A. F. Mustafa. 2020. Sudangrass as companion crop to establish alfalfa. Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management 6(1):1-8.
  • Miller, D. A. 1984. Forage Crops. USA: Mc Graw-Hill Book Company.
  • Nelson, C. J., A. R. Schmid and C. H. Cuykendall. 1965. Performance of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) as a companion crop. Agronomy Journal 57(6):537-539.
  • Onal Asci, O., Z. Acar, U. Basaran, I. Ayan and H. Mut. 2010. Barley companion crop management in red clover establishment. African Journal of Agricultural Research 5(1):45-54.
  • Seguin, P., S. St-Pierre-Lepage, C. Georlette, C. Halde, G. F. Tremblay, H. Martel and A. Akpakouma. 2021. Evaluation of Annual Companion Crops for the Establishment of Perennial Forage Crops in Eastern Canada. XXIV International Grassland Congress / XI International Rangeland Congress, 1-4.
  • Simmons, S. R., C. C. Sheaffer, D. C. Rasmusson, D. D. Stuthman and S. E. Nickel. 1995. Alfalfa establishment with barley and oat companion crops differing in stature. Agronomy Journal 87(2):268-272.
  • Sowiński, J. 2014. The Effect of companion crops management on biological weed control in the seeding year of lucerne. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 30(2):97-108.
  • Steel, R. G. D. and J. H. Torrie. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2. ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Publ. Company.
  • Tan, M. and Y. Serin. 1998. Determination of suitable companion crop and its cutting stage for alfalfa. Journal of Ataturk University Faculty of Agriculture 29(2):219-229.
  • Tan, M. and Y. Serin. 2004. is the companion crop harmless to alfalfa establishment in the highlands of East Anatolia?. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 190(1):1-5.
  • Tan, M., Y. Serin and H. I. Erkovan. 2004. Effects of barley as a companion crop on the hay yield and plant density of red clover and the botanical composition of hay. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 28(1):35-41.
  • Tossell, W. E. and R. S. Fulkerson. 1960. Rate of seeding and row spacing of an oat companion crop in relation to forage seedling establishment. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 40(3):500-508.
  • Waddington, J. and S. Bittman. 1983. bromegrass and alfalfa establishment with a wheat companion crop in Northeastern Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63(3):659- 668.
  • Wiersma, D. W., P. C. Hoffman and M. J. Mlynarek. 1999. Companion crops for legume establishment: Forage yield, quality, and establishment success. Journal of Production Agriculture 12(1):116-122.
Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 235 - 243, 24.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1386383

Abstract

Project Number

FDK-2020-12559

References

  • Acikgoz, E. 2021. Forage Crops. IV. ed. Ankara: Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Department of Education and Publication.
  • Bakir, O. 1985. Ankara: Pasture Improvement Principles and Practices. Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Publications: 947.
  • Cicek, H., S. Ates, G. Ozcan, M. Tezel, J.G. Kling, M. Louhaichi and G. Keles. 2020. Effect of nurse crops and seeding rate on the persistence, productivity and nutritive value of sainfoin in a cereal-based production system. Grass and Forage Science 75(1):86-95.
  • Cinar, S., M. Avci, R. Hatipoglu, A. Aktas and F.D. Kokasik. 2011. Research on changing yield and quality of an established pasture in relation to establishment age under Cukurova conditions. Turkey IX. Field Crops Conference, Bursa, 1868-1871.
  • Coulman, B., A. Kleinhout and B. Biligetu. 2019. Annual ryegrass and festulolium as companion crops in the establishment of perennial forage crops. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 99(5):611-623.
  • Cullen, N. A. 1962. The effect of nurse crops on the establishment of pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 7(1):42-51.
  • Davis, W. E. P. 1962. Effects of using oats as a companion crop with orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata L., and white clover, Trifolium repens L., sown for pasture. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 42(4):582-588.
  • Freyman, S. and S. Bittman. 1990. Effect of companion crops on forage establishment in south coastal British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 70(3):777-784.
  • Genckan, M. S. 1985. Pasture Culture, Management, Improvement. Izmir: Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Publications.
  • Haggar, R. J. 1969. Use of companion crops in grassland establishment in Nigeria. Experimental Agriculture 5(1):47- 52.
  • Hoy, M. D., K. J. Moore, J. R. George and E.C. Brummer. 2002. Alfalfa yield and quality as influenced by establishment method. Agronomy Journal 94(1): 65-71.
  • Kilcher, M. R. and D. H. Heinrichs. 1960. The Use of cereal grains as companion crops in dryland forage crop establishment. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 40(1):81- 93.
  • Kizilkaya, R. 2020. Evaluation of Soil Analysis Results. Ankara: Neris Investment, Food, Construction Industry and Trade, Inc.
  • Lanini, W. T., S. B. Orloff, R. N. Vargas, J. P. Orr, V. L. Marble and S. R. Grattan. 1991. Oat companion crop seeding rate effect on alfalfa establishment, yield, and weed control. Agronomy Journal, 83(2):330-333.
  • Malhi, S. S. and A. Foster. 2011. Cover crop seeding rate effects on forage yields of oat and barley and underseeded bromegrass-alfalfa mixture. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 42(19):2344-2350.
  • Matteau, C., P. Seguin, B. Baurhoo and A. F. Mustafa. 2020. Sudangrass as companion crop to establish alfalfa. Crop, Forage & Turfgrass Management 6(1):1-8.
  • Miller, D. A. 1984. Forage Crops. USA: Mc Graw-Hill Book Company.
  • Nelson, C. J., A. R. Schmid and C. H. Cuykendall. 1965. Performance of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) as a companion crop. Agronomy Journal 57(6):537-539.
  • Onal Asci, O., Z. Acar, U. Basaran, I. Ayan and H. Mut. 2010. Barley companion crop management in red clover establishment. African Journal of Agricultural Research 5(1):45-54.
  • Seguin, P., S. St-Pierre-Lepage, C. Georlette, C. Halde, G. F. Tremblay, H. Martel and A. Akpakouma. 2021. Evaluation of Annual Companion Crops for the Establishment of Perennial Forage Crops in Eastern Canada. XXIV International Grassland Congress / XI International Rangeland Congress, 1-4.
  • Simmons, S. R., C. C. Sheaffer, D. C. Rasmusson, D. D. Stuthman and S. E. Nickel. 1995. Alfalfa establishment with barley and oat companion crops differing in stature. Agronomy Journal 87(2):268-272.
  • Sowiński, J. 2014. The Effect of companion crops management on biological weed control in the seeding year of lucerne. Biological Agriculture & Horticulture 30(2):97-108.
  • Steel, R. G. D. and J. H. Torrie. 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2. ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Publ. Company.
  • Tan, M. and Y. Serin. 1998. Determination of suitable companion crop and its cutting stage for alfalfa. Journal of Ataturk University Faculty of Agriculture 29(2):219-229.
  • Tan, M. and Y. Serin. 2004. is the companion crop harmless to alfalfa establishment in the highlands of East Anatolia?. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 190(1):1-5.
  • Tan, M., Y. Serin and H. I. Erkovan. 2004. Effects of barley as a companion crop on the hay yield and plant density of red clover and the botanical composition of hay. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 28(1):35-41.
  • Tossell, W. E. and R. S. Fulkerson. 1960. Rate of seeding and row spacing of an oat companion crop in relation to forage seedling establishment. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 40(3):500-508.
  • Waddington, J. and S. Bittman. 1983. bromegrass and alfalfa establishment with a wheat companion crop in Northeastern Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63(3):659- 668.
  • Wiersma, D. W., P. C. Hoffman and M. J. Mlynarek. 1999. Companion crops for legume establishment: Forage yield, quality, and establishment success. Journal of Production Agriculture 12(1):116-122.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pasture-Meadow Forage Plants
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Beytullah Dönmez 0000-0003-1495-4553

Rüştü Hatipoğlu 0000-0002-7977-0782

Project Number FDK-2020-12559
Publication Date December 24, 2023
Submission Date November 5, 2023
Acceptance Date December 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 28 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Dönmez, H. B., & Hatipoğlu, R. (2023). EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 28(2), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1386383
AMA Dönmez HB, Hatipoğlu R. EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS. TJFC. December 2023;28(2):235-243. doi:10.17557/tjfc.1386383
Chicago Dönmez, Hasan Beytullah, and Rüştü Hatipoğlu. “EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 28, no. 2 (December 2023): 235-43. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1386383.
EndNote Dönmez HB, Hatipoğlu R (December 1, 2023) EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 28 2 235–243.
IEEE H. B. Dönmez and R. Hatipoğlu, “EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS”, TJFC, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 235–243, 2023, doi: 10.17557/tjfc.1386383.
ISNAD Dönmez, Hasan Beytullah - Hatipoğlu, Rüştü. “EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 28/2 (December 2023), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.1386383.
JAMA Dönmez HB, Hatipoğlu R. EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS. TJFC. 2023;28:235–243.
MLA Dönmez, Hasan Beytullah and Rüştü Hatipoğlu. “EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS”. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, vol. 28, no. 2, 2023, pp. 235-43, doi:10.17557/tjfc.1386383.
Vancouver Dönmez HB, Hatipoğlu R. EFFECTS OF COMPANION CROP ON THE HAY YIELD AND BOTANICAL COMPOSITION OF PASTURE UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE CONDITIONS. TJFC. 2023;28(2):235-43.

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