Arı Merası ve Yayladan Elde Edilen Bal, Polen ve Propolis Miktarları ile Bal Kalitesinin Karşılaştırılması

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 190 - 201, 19.11.2023

Erdal Çaçan Mehmet Ali Kutlu Rıdvan Uçar Selim Özdemir Kağan Kökten Sam Mokhtarzadeh Muammer Ekmekçi

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1344339

Abstract

Bingöl Üniversitesi bünyesinde 2021-2022 yılları arasında kurulan arı merası ile yayladan elde edilen bal, polen ve propolis miktarları ile bal kalitesinin belirlenmesi ve bu özellikler açısından arı merası ile yaylanın karşılaştırılması amacıyla bu çalışma yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada 10 adet arı kovanı kullanılmıştır. Arı kovanlarından 5 tanesi arı merasında bırakılmış, beş tanesi de karşılaştırma yapmak amacıyla yaylaya çıkarılmıştır. Her iki lokasyonda ve her iki yılda da ağustos ayında bal hasadı yapılmıştır. Her iki lokasyona ait kovan başına bal, polen ve propolis miktarları elde edilmiş ve yine her iki lokasyona ait balların nem, diastaz, HMF, ticari glikoz, C13 şekeri, C4 şekeri ve balda protein ile ham bal delta C13 şekeri arasındaki fark tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu kalite parametreleri Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bal Tebliği’ne göre değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda arı merası ve yayladan elde edilen polen ve propolis miktarları arasında istatistiksel bir fark olmadığı, yayladan elde edilen bal miktarının arı merasından daha yüksek olduğu ve yine hem arı merası hem de yayladan elde edilen balların kalite kriterleri açısından Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bal Tebliği’nin belirlediği sınır değerler açısından “uygun” seviyede oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında arı merasından elde edilen bal veriminin düşük olmasına rağmen sürdürülebilir olduğu ve yayla arıcılığına ya da gezginci arıcılığa alternatif olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Arı Merası, Bal Verimi, Bal Kalitesi, Sabit Arıcılık, Gezginci Arıcılık

Supporting Institution

Bingöl Üniversitesi Pilot Üniversite Koordinasyon Merkez Birimi

Project Number

PİKOM-Bitki.2019.001

COMPARISON OF HONEY, POLLEN AND PROPOLIS AMOUNTS AND HONEY QUALITY OBTAINED FROM BEE PASTURE AND HIGHLAND

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the honey, pollen and propolis amounts and honey qualities obtained from the bee pasture established in Bingöl University between the years 2021-2022 and highland and to compare the bee pasture and the highland in terms of these characteristics. 10 beehives were used in the study. Five beehives were left in the bee pasture, and 5 of them were taken to the highland for comparison. The quantities of honey, pollen, and propolis per hive and the moisture, diastase, HMF, commercial glucose, C13 sugar, C4 sugar, and the difference between raw protein in honey and delta C13 sugar of honeys were determined for both locations. These quality parameters obtained were evaluated according to the Turkish Food Codex Honey Communiqué. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was no statistical difference between the amounts of pollen and propolis obtained from the bee pasture and the highland, and the amount of honey obtained from the highland was higher than the bee pasture. In addition, it has been determined that the honey obtained from both bee pasture and highland is at the "appropriate" level in terms of the limit values determined by the Turkish Food Codex Honey Communiqué in terms of quality criteria. In the light of these data, it has been understood that although the honey yield from bee pasture is low, it is sustainable and can be an alternative to migratory or highland beekeeping.

Keywords

Bee pasture, Honey yield, Honey quality, Settled beekeeping, Migratory beekeeping

Project Number

PİKOM-Bitki.2019.001

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