BURSA’DAKİ İÇ VE DIŞ ORTAM HAVASINDA ORGANOKLORLU PESTİSİTLER (OCP’LER): KONSANTRASYON DAĞILIMLARI, MUHTEMEL KAYNAKLARI VE SAĞLIK RİSKLERİ

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 705 - 720, 27.12.2023

Mehmet Ferhat Sari Fatma Esen Sündüz Shanabo

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1330124

Abstract

Organoklorlu pestisitler (OCP’ler) fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklere göre tüm çevrede bulunan ve dünyada en yaygın olarak kullanılan kimyasalların başında gelmektedir. Yaklaşık 40 yıldır kullanımları yasak olmasına rağmen hem kararlılıklarından hem de kaçak kullanımlarından dolayı günümüzde hala insan sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Bursa sınırları içerinde yer alan 15 iç ve 6 dış ortam havasında OCP konsantrasyonlarının seviyeleri, muhtemel kaynakları ve soluma yoluyla oluşabilecek kanser riski hesabı değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam 10 OCP bileşiğinin iç ortam havasındaki konsantrasyon değerlerinin 467,8±94,9 pg/m3, dış ortam havasındaki konsantrasyon değerlerinin ise 419,3±137,1 pg/m3 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örnekleme noktalarındaki binaların yaşının yanı sıra dış ortam havasında da tarımsal alanların varlığı ve yakınlığı iç ortam OCP konsantrasyonlarının dağılımlarında önemli rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir. Muhtemel kaynakların değerlendirilmesinde izomer oranlarından yararlanılmıştır. Bu izomer oranlarına göre, Bursa’da OCP’lerin esas kaynaklarını lindanların oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca yine aynı oranlara göre günümüzde hala Bursa’da pestisit kullanıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Son olarak hem iç hem de dış ortam havasının solunması yoluyla oluşabilecek kanser riskleri artan yaşam boyu kanser riski (ILCR) yöntemine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen hesaplamalara göre, Bursa’da hem iç hem de dış ortamda OCP’lerin solunması yoluyla oluşabilecek herhangi bir kanser riski tespit edilmemiştir.

Keywords

OCP, İç ve dış ortam havası, Pasif hava örnekleyici, Bursa, Sağlık riski

Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) in Indoor and Ambient Air in Bursa: Concentration Distributions, Possible Sources and Health Risks

Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are among the most greatly used chemicals in the world, according to their physical and chemical properties. Although their use has been banned for about 40 years, they still threaten human health today due to their determination and illegal use. In this study, the levels of OCP concentrations in 15 indoor and 6 ambient airs within the borders of Bursa, their possible sources and the risk of cancer that may occur by inhalation were evaluated. Concentration values of 10 OCP compounds in indoor air were determined as 467.8±94.9 pg/m3, and concentration values in ambient air were determined as 419.3±137.1 pg/m3. In addition to the age of the buildings at the sampling points, the presence and proximity of agricultural areas in the ambient air have been determined to play an important role in the distribution of indoor OCP concentrations. Isomer ratios were used in the evaluation of possible sources. According to these isomer ratios, it has been determined that lindanes are the main sources of OCPs in Bursa. In addition, according to the same rates, it was concluded that pesticides are still used in Bursa today. Finally, the cancer risks that may occur by breathing both indoor and outdoor air were evaluated according to the increased lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) method. According to the calculations obtained, no cancer risk that may occur through inhalation of OCPs in both indoor and outdoor environments has been detected in Bursa.

Keywords

OCP, Indoor and ambient air, Passive air sampler, Bursa, Health risk

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