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Sporcularda Testesteron ve Serotonin Düzeyleri ve Saldırganlık İlişkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 30.04.2020

Abstract

Amaç:
Bu
çalışma sporcularda ve sedanter kişilerde testosteron ve serotonin düzeyler ve
saldırganlık arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak için yapıldı.

Yöntemler:
Çalışmaya 18-25 yaşları arasında 60 sporcu (30 basketbolcu, 30 voleybolcu) ve
20 sedanter birey katılmıştır. Serotonin ve testosteron düzeylerinin
belirlenmesi için gönüllülerin
önkol
cubital venlerinden 5 ml venöz kan örneği jelli biyokimya tüplerine istirahat
halinde oturur pozisyonunda alındı. Alınan kan örnekleri 3500 devirde
santifirüj edilerek plazma ve serumuna ayrıştırıldı. Elde edilen serumlarda
hormon düzeyleri belirlendi. Saldırganlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için ise
Buss ve Perry tarafından geliştirilen saldırganlık ölçeği kullanıldı. Elde
edilen verilerin analizinde tek yönlü varyans analizi, LSD düzeltme ve ilişki
kontrolünde Pearson korelasyon testleri yapıldı.

Bulgular:
Basketbolcu
ve sedanterlerde testosteron ve serotonin ile saldırganlık seviyeleri arasında
anlamlı bir ilişki görülmedi (p>0,05). Voleybolcularda saldırganlık ile
testosteron arasında negatif, serotonin ve saldırganlık arasında pozitif yönde
bir ilişki tespit edildi (p<0,05). Branş bağımsız değişkeni açısından
serotonin ve testosteron miktarlarında bir farklılık görülmezken (p>0,05),
saldırganlık alt boyutlarında voleybolcular lehine anlamlı değişim gözlendi (p<0,05).







Sonuç:
Sonuç
olarak sporcular ve sedanterler arasında testosteron, serotonin miktarları
açısından bir farklılık olmadığı, voleybolcuların basketbolcu ve sedanterlere
göre daha yüksek saldırganlık puanlarına sahip olduğu söylenebilir.

Supporting Institution

ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ PROJE YÖNETİM OFİSİ BAŞKANLIĞI

Project Number

PYO.HMY.1904.15.001

Thanks

Projemizi finansal olarak desteklerinden dolayı Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Proje Yönetim Ofisi Başkanlığına teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • REFERENCES1. Consolazio CF, Johnson RE, Pecora LJ. Physiological Measurement Of Metabolic FunctionIn Man, New York McGraw-HİII Book Company,1963.
  • 2. Harbili S. Kuvvet antrenmanlarının vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı hormonlar üzerine etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 1999; 18-35.
  • 3. Çakmakçı S. Farklı Branşlardaki SporculardaAnaerobik Egzersizin Bazı HormonDüzeylerineEtkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Konya, 2013. 4. Weiss LM, Cureton KJ, Thompson FN. Comparison of serum testosteroneandandrostenedioneresponsestoweightlifting in men andwomenEur J APPL Physiol 1983;50: 413-419.
  • 5. Özdemir E, Gültürk S. Anabolik-androjeniksteroidlere karşı fizyolojik ve tıbbi yanıtlar. Türkiye Klinikleri J MedSci. 2008; 28(6), 923-32.
  • 6. Bökesoy TA, Çakıcı İ, Melli M. Farmakoloji Ders Kitabı. 1. Baskı. Ankara, Gazi Kitabevi 2000; 380-385.
  • 7. Dökmeci İ. Farmakoloji Temel Kavramlar. Ankara. Nobel Tıp Kitabevi. 2000; 228-68.
  • 8. Bardin CW. Theanabolicaction of testosterone. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 52-3.
  • 9. Kutsal G. Osteoporoz. 1. Baskı. İstanbul, Güneş Kitapevi. 1998; 210-28.
  • 10. Kayaalp SO. Rasyonel Tedavi Yönünden Tıbbi Farmakoloji, 11. Baskı. Ankara, Feryal Matbaa. 2005; 1126- 29, 1151-7.
  • 11. Twarog BM, Page IH. Serotonin content of some mammalian tissues and urine and a method for its determination. American Journal of Physiology--Legacy Content. 1953;175(1):157-61.
  • 12. Amin AH, Crawgord TBB, Gadcum JH. Thedistribution of subtance P and 5-hydoxytryptamine in thecentralnervoussystem of thedog. J. Physiol 1954; 126: 596-618.
  • 13. Hartig PR, Lever J. Serotonin Receptors In Quantitative Imaging Neuroreceptors, Neuro transmitter and Enzymes. Eds. James Frood and Hanry N. Wagner Raven Press, New York, 1990, 153-165.
  • 14. Heninger GR, Charney DS, Sternberg DE. Serotonergic function in depression: prolactin response to intravenous tryptophan in depressed patients and healthy subjects. Archives of General Psychiatry 1984;41(4):398-402. 15. Eriksson E. Humble M. Serotonin in Psychiatric pathophysiology. İn the Biological Basis of PsychiatricTreatment Eds Pohl R, Gershon S., Basel Karger 1990, 3: 66-119.
  • 16. Özdevecioğlu M, Yalçın Y. Spor tatmininin sporcuların stres ve saldırganlık düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi. Niğde Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010; (1):63-76.
  • 17. Buss AH, Perry M. The Aggression Questionnaire. J Pers Soc Psychol 1992; 63(3): 452-9.
  • 18. Can S. “Aggression Questionnaire” Adlı Ölçeğin Türk Populasyonunda Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Yayınlanmamış Uzmanlık Tezi, 2002, T.C. Genel Kurmay Başkanlığı GATA Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Servis Şefliği, İstanbul,
  • 19. Buss AH, Warren WL. The Aggression Questionnaire manual. Los Angeles, Western Psychological Services, 2000.
  • 20. Moyer KE. Kinds of aggression and their physiological basis. Communications in Behavioral Biology. 1968;2(2):65-87.
  • 21. Logan GD, Schachar RJ, Tannock R. Impulsivity and inhibitory control. Psychological Science. 1997;8(1):60-4.
  • 22. Scarpa A, Raine A. Psychophysiology of anger and violent behavior. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 1997;20(2):375-94.
  • 23. Davidson RJ, Putnam KM, Larson CL. Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation--a possible prelude to violence. science 2000;289(5479):591-594.
  • 24. Oquendo MA, Mann JJ. The biology of impulsivity and suicidality. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2000;23(1):11-25.
  • 25. Dolan M, Anderson IM, Deakin JF. Relationship between 5-HT function and impulsivity and aggression in male offenders with personality disorders. The British Journal of Psychiatry 2001;178(4):352-359.
  • 26. Birger M, Swartz M, Cohen D, Alesh YA, Grishpan C, Kotelr M. Aggression: the testosterone-serotonin link. IMAJ. 2003;5(9):653-8.
  • 27. Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Fisher SK, Uhler MD. Basic neurochemistry, in chapter “Endocrine effects on the brain and their relationship to behavior”. 6th Ed., New York, USA, 1999, 147.
  • 28. Dabbs J, Hargrove MF. Age, testosterone, and behavior among female prison inmates. Psychosomatic Medicine 1997;59(5):477-480.
  • 29. Schlinger BA, Callard GV. Aromatization mediates aggressive behavior in quail. General and comparative endocrinology. 1990;79(1):39-53.
  • 30. Schlinger BA, Callard GV. Aromatase Activity in Quail Brain: Correlation with Aggressiveness. Endocrinology. 1989;124(1):437-43.
  • 31. Sánchez-Martin JR, Fano E, Ahedo L, Cardas J, Brain PF, Azpıroz A. Relating testosterone levels and free play social behavior in male and female preschool children. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2000;25(8):773-83.
  • 32. Dabbs JM, Morris R. Testosterone, social class, and antisocial behavior in a sample of 4,462 men. Psychological Science 1990;1(3):209-211.
  • 33. Dabbs JM, Carr TS, Frady RL, Riad JK. Testosterone, crime, and misbehavior among 692 male prison inmates. Personality and individual differences 1995;18(5):627-633.
  • 34. Banks T, Dabbs JM. Salivary testosterone and cortisol in a delinquent and violent urban subculture. TheJournal of Social Psychology 1996;136(1):49-56.
  • 35. Stålenheim EG, Eriksson E, vonKnorring L, Wide L. Testosterone as a biological marker in psychopathy and alcoholism. Psychiatry Research. 1998;77(2):79-88.
  • 36. Guizhen L, Yunjun Z, Linxiang G, Aizhen L. Comparative study on acupuncture combined with behavioral desensitization for treatment of anxiety neuroses. American journal of acupuncture 1998;26(2-3):117-120.
  • 37. Tanaka O, Mukaino Y. The effect of auricular acupuncture on olfactory acuity. TheAmerican journal of Chinese medicine. 1999;27(01):19-24.
  • 38. Azmitia EC, Whitaker-Azmitia PM. Development and adult plasticity of serotoninergic neurons and their target cells. In Serotoninergic Neuronsand 5-HT Receptors in the CNS. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000: 39.
  • 39. Westenberg HG, Den Boer JA, Murphy DL. Advances in the neurobiology of anxiety disorders. New York: Wiley; 1996, p.132.
  • 40. Staner L, Mendlewicz J. Heredity and role of serotonin in aggressive impulsive behavior. L'Encephale. 1997;24(4):355-64.
  • 41. Åsberg M. Neurotransmitters and suicidal behavior. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1997;836(1):158-81.
  • 42. Faustman WO, Ringo DL, Faull KF. An association between low levels of 5-HIAA and HVA in cerebrospinal fluid and early mortality in a diagnostically mixed psychiatric sample. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1993;163(4):519-21.
  • 43. XHigley JD, Mehlman PT, Higley SB, Fernald B, Vickers J, Lindell SG, et al. Excessive mortality in young free-ranging male non human primates with low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations. Archives of General Psychiatry 1996;53(6):537-43.

The Association between Testosterone and Serotonin Levels and Aggression in Athletes

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 1 - 9, 30.04.2020

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the
relationship between testosterone and serotonin levels and aggression in
athletes and sedentary subjects.

Methods: 60 athletes (30 basketball plus 30 volleyball
players) and 20 sedentary persons between the ages of 18 to 25 participated in
the study. Testosterone and serotonin levels in serum of the venous blood
samples taken from the subjects were measured in routine biochemistry lab. Aggression
Questionnaire developed by Buss and Perry was used to estimate aggression score
in the current study. 

Results: No significant difference was found any relationship between
testosterone and serotonin levels and aggression score of basketball players
and the sedentary (p>0.05). In volleyball players, we was observed a
negative association for aggression and testosterone, while there was a remarkable
positive association between aggression score and serotonin level (p< 0.05).
No significant difference was found in the levels of serotonin and testosterone
in the basketball and volleyball players (p> 0.05), as significant difference
was observed in aggression score of volleyball players compared to testosterone
and serotonin levels (p<0.05).  







Conclusion: As a result of our findings, there are no significant
differences between athletes and sedentary in the view of testosterone and
serotonin levels, whereas volleyball players have higher aggression scores when
compared to basketball players and sedentary. 

Project Number

PYO.HMY.1904.15.001

References

  • REFERENCES1. Consolazio CF, Johnson RE, Pecora LJ. Physiological Measurement Of Metabolic FunctionIn Man, New York McGraw-HİII Book Company,1963.
  • 2. Harbili S. Kuvvet antrenmanlarının vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı hormonlar üzerine etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, 1999; 18-35.
  • 3. Çakmakçı S. Farklı Branşlardaki SporculardaAnaerobik Egzersizin Bazı HormonDüzeylerineEtkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Konya, 2013. 4. Weiss LM, Cureton KJ, Thompson FN. Comparison of serum testosteroneandandrostenedioneresponsestoweightlifting in men andwomenEur J APPL Physiol 1983;50: 413-419.
  • 5. Özdemir E, Gültürk S. Anabolik-androjeniksteroidlere karşı fizyolojik ve tıbbi yanıtlar. Türkiye Klinikleri J MedSci. 2008; 28(6), 923-32.
  • 6. Bökesoy TA, Çakıcı İ, Melli M. Farmakoloji Ders Kitabı. 1. Baskı. Ankara, Gazi Kitabevi 2000; 380-385.
  • 7. Dökmeci İ. Farmakoloji Temel Kavramlar. Ankara. Nobel Tıp Kitabevi. 2000; 228-68.
  • 8. Bardin CW. Theanabolicaction of testosterone. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 52-3.
  • 9. Kutsal G. Osteoporoz. 1. Baskı. İstanbul, Güneş Kitapevi. 1998; 210-28.
  • 10. Kayaalp SO. Rasyonel Tedavi Yönünden Tıbbi Farmakoloji, 11. Baskı. Ankara, Feryal Matbaa. 2005; 1126- 29, 1151-7.
  • 11. Twarog BM, Page IH. Serotonin content of some mammalian tissues and urine and a method for its determination. American Journal of Physiology--Legacy Content. 1953;175(1):157-61.
  • 12. Amin AH, Crawgord TBB, Gadcum JH. Thedistribution of subtance P and 5-hydoxytryptamine in thecentralnervoussystem of thedog. J. Physiol 1954; 126: 596-618.
  • 13. Hartig PR, Lever J. Serotonin Receptors In Quantitative Imaging Neuroreceptors, Neuro transmitter and Enzymes. Eds. James Frood and Hanry N. Wagner Raven Press, New York, 1990, 153-165.
  • 14. Heninger GR, Charney DS, Sternberg DE. Serotonergic function in depression: prolactin response to intravenous tryptophan in depressed patients and healthy subjects. Archives of General Psychiatry 1984;41(4):398-402. 15. Eriksson E. Humble M. Serotonin in Psychiatric pathophysiology. İn the Biological Basis of PsychiatricTreatment Eds Pohl R, Gershon S., Basel Karger 1990, 3: 66-119.
  • 16. Özdevecioğlu M, Yalçın Y. Spor tatmininin sporcuların stres ve saldırganlık düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi. Niğde Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010; (1):63-76.
  • 17. Buss AH, Perry M. The Aggression Questionnaire. J Pers Soc Psychol 1992; 63(3): 452-9.
  • 18. Can S. “Aggression Questionnaire” Adlı Ölçeğin Türk Populasyonunda Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması. Yayınlanmamış Uzmanlık Tezi, 2002, T.C. Genel Kurmay Başkanlığı GATA Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi, Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Servis Şefliği, İstanbul,
  • 19. Buss AH, Warren WL. The Aggression Questionnaire manual. Los Angeles, Western Psychological Services, 2000.
  • 20. Moyer KE. Kinds of aggression and their physiological basis. Communications in Behavioral Biology. 1968;2(2):65-87.
  • 21. Logan GD, Schachar RJ, Tannock R. Impulsivity and inhibitory control. Psychological Science. 1997;8(1):60-4.
  • 22. Scarpa A, Raine A. Psychophysiology of anger and violent behavior. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 1997;20(2):375-94.
  • 23. Davidson RJ, Putnam KM, Larson CL. Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation--a possible prelude to violence. science 2000;289(5479):591-594.
  • 24. Oquendo MA, Mann JJ. The biology of impulsivity and suicidality. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2000;23(1):11-25.
  • 25. Dolan M, Anderson IM, Deakin JF. Relationship between 5-HT function and impulsivity and aggression in male offenders with personality disorders. The British Journal of Psychiatry 2001;178(4):352-359.
  • 26. Birger M, Swartz M, Cohen D, Alesh YA, Grishpan C, Kotelr M. Aggression: the testosterone-serotonin link. IMAJ. 2003;5(9):653-8.
  • 27. Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Fisher SK, Uhler MD. Basic neurochemistry, in chapter “Endocrine effects on the brain and their relationship to behavior”. 6th Ed., New York, USA, 1999, 147.
  • 28. Dabbs J, Hargrove MF. Age, testosterone, and behavior among female prison inmates. Psychosomatic Medicine 1997;59(5):477-480.
  • 29. Schlinger BA, Callard GV. Aromatization mediates aggressive behavior in quail. General and comparative endocrinology. 1990;79(1):39-53.
  • 30. Schlinger BA, Callard GV. Aromatase Activity in Quail Brain: Correlation with Aggressiveness. Endocrinology. 1989;124(1):437-43.
  • 31. Sánchez-Martin JR, Fano E, Ahedo L, Cardas J, Brain PF, Azpıroz A. Relating testosterone levels and free play social behavior in male and female preschool children. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2000;25(8):773-83.
  • 32. Dabbs JM, Morris R. Testosterone, social class, and antisocial behavior in a sample of 4,462 men. Psychological Science 1990;1(3):209-211.
  • 33. Dabbs JM, Carr TS, Frady RL, Riad JK. Testosterone, crime, and misbehavior among 692 male prison inmates. Personality and individual differences 1995;18(5):627-633.
  • 34. Banks T, Dabbs JM. Salivary testosterone and cortisol in a delinquent and violent urban subculture. TheJournal of Social Psychology 1996;136(1):49-56.
  • 35. Stålenheim EG, Eriksson E, vonKnorring L, Wide L. Testosterone as a biological marker in psychopathy and alcoholism. Psychiatry Research. 1998;77(2):79-88.
  • 36. Guizhen L, Yunjun Z, Linxiang G, Aizhen L. Comparative study on acupuncture combined with behavioral desensitization for treatment of anxiety neuroses. American journal of acupuncture 1998;26(2-3):117-120.
  • 37. Tanaka O, Mukaino Y. The effect of auricular acupuncture on olfactory acuity. TheAmerican journal of Chinese medicine. 1999;27(01):19-24.
  • 38. Azmitia EC, Whitaker-Azmitia PM. Development and adult plasticity of serotoninergic neurons and their target cells. In Serotoninergic Neuronsand 5-HT Receptors in the CNS. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000: 39.
  • 39. Westenberg HG, Den Boer JA, Murphy DL. Advances in the neurobiology of anxiety disorders. New York: Wiley; 1996, p.132.
  • 40. Staner L, Mendlewicz J. Heredity and role of serotonin in aggressive impulsive behavior. L'Encephale. 1997;24(4):355-64.
  • 41. Åsberg M. Neurotransmitters and suicidal behavior. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1997;836(1):158-81.
  • 42. Faustman WO, Ringo DL, Faull KF. An association between low levels of 5-HIAA and HVA in cerebrospinal fluid and early mortality in a diagnostically mixed psychiatric sample. The British Journal of Psychiatry 1993;163(4):519-21.
  • 43. XHigley JD, Mehlman PT, Higley SB, Fernald B, Vickers J, Lindell SG, et al. Excessive mortality in young free-ranging male non human primates with low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations. Archives of General Psychiatry 1996;53(6):537-43.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Ercan Tural 0000-0003-3894-7761

Muhammet Rüstem Galata This is me 0000-0002-9028-8903

Project Number PYO.HMY.1904.15.001
Publication Date April 30, 2020
Submission Date August 7, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tural, E., & Galata, M. R. (2020). The Association between Testosterone and Serotonin Levels and Aggression in Athletes. Van Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 1-9.

ISSN 

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