Kedikulağı (Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa, Orchidaceae) Yumrularındaki Fenollerin Tespiti

Year 2023, Volume: 28 Issue: 3, 818 - 829, 29.12.2023

Mehmet Aybeke

https://doi.org/10.53433/yyufbed.1230023

Abstract

Fenolik bileşiklerin birçok antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antienflamatuar, antioksidan, antitümör, kardiyoprotektif, nöroprotektif ve antidiyabetik aktiviteleri vardır. Orkidelerde fenoliklerle ilgili bilgiler çok azdır ve orkide yumruları önemli droglardan biridir. Bu nedenle çalışmada; hazır materyal olarak elimizde bulunan Orchidaceae familyasından Ophrys sphegodes Mill. subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó ex E. Nelson (Kedikulağı) taksonuna ait yumrularda fenolik bileşiklerin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için çiçeklenme aşamasında bitkilerden yumrular alınmış, bu yumrulardan LC-MS/MS ile fenolik bileşik analizi yapılmıştır. Yumru örneklerinde 27 değişik fenol taranmış ve 12 fenole rastlanmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda O. sphegodes subsp. mammosa yumrularında Gallik Asit, Protokatekuik Asit, 2,5-Dihidroksibenzoik Asit, Klorogenik Asit, P-kumarik asit, Rutin, Trans Ferrulik Asit, Propil Gallate, Kersetin, Lutolein, Kamferol, Izoramnetin tespit edilmiştir. En fazla fenol 901.6510 ng/gr ile Kamferol olurken, en az fenol ise 1,0168 ng/gr ile Propil Gallat’dır. Nicelik olarak ikinci sırada en fazla olan fenol 392.7265 ng/gr ile P-kumarik asit, üçüncü sırada 375.0809 ng/gr ile Trans Ferrulik Asit, dördüncü sırada 69.4946 ng/gr ile Rutin’dir. Diğer kalan fenollerin miktarları 20 ng/gr’ın altındadır. Sonuçlar, yakın ve uzak taksonlarla yapılan güncel çalışmalarla karşılaştırılmış ve incelenen taksonun olası güçlü antioksidan ve antibakteriyel etkileri ile ilaç endüstrisi ve sürdürülebilir orkide tarımsal üretim için iyi bir potansiyele sahip olduğu vurgulanmıştır.

Keywords

Fenol, Ophrys, Orkide, Yumru

Detection of Phenols in Tubers of Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Orchidaceae)

Abstract

Phenolic compounds have many antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, cardioprotective, neuroprotective and antidiabetic activities. There is very little information about phenolics in orchids and orchid tubers are one of the important drugs. Therefore, in the study; It was aimed to detect phenolic compounds in tubers of Ophrys sphegodes Mill. subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó ex E. Nelson (Kitten ear) from the Orchidaceae family, which we have as ready-made material. For this, tubers were taken from the plants at the flowering stage, and phenolic compounds were analyzed by LC-MS/MS from these tubers. 27 different phenols were screened in tuber samples and 12 phenols were found. As a result of the analysis, O. sphegodes subsp. mammosa Gallic Acid, Protocatechuic Acid, 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid, Chlorogenic Acid, P-coumaric acid, Rutin, Trans Ferulic Acid, Propyl Gallate, Quercetin, Luteolin, Kaempferol, Isorhamnetin were detected in tubers. The highest phenol is Kampferol with 901.6510 ng/gr, while the least phenol is Propyl Gallate with 1.0168 ng/gr. P-coumaric acid with 392.7265 ng/gr is the second highest in quantity, Trans Ferrulic Acid is at the third place with 375.0809 ng/gr, and Rutin is at the fourth place with 69.4946 ng/gr. The amounts of other remaining phenols are below 20 ng/gr. The results were compared with the most recent similar studies with close and distant taxa, and it was emphasized that the examined taxon has a good potential for the pharmaceutical industry and sustainable orchid agricultural production with its possible strong antioxidant and antibacterial effects.

Keywords

Ophrys, Orchid, Phenol, Tuber

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