Coastal Dunes of East Mediterranean Features of Endemic Ononidetum hispanicae Association

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 3, 85 - 89, 01.12.2018

Ahmet Serteser

Öz

Ononidetum
hispanicae association is endemic on coastal dunes of East Mediterranean in
Turkey. This association is identifed in 
Çaltıcak1, Çaltıcak2, Göynük, Kemer of Antalya province, in Taşucu,
Sazbaşı and Susanoğlu of Mersin province and Muğla province. The association
consists of grasses whose lentgh vary between 5 and 50 cm. The
association’s  dominant species are
Ononis hispanicae, Cynodon dactylon, Echium plantagineum, Paronchia argentea,
Pancratium maritimum, Cyperus capitatus, Polygonum equisetiforme and Euphorbia
paralias. It is an association of perennial vegetation on coastal dunes. The
objectives of this study are investigation of the relationship between plant
associations and the environment, especially the soil. Plant associations were
found out to have displayed not only properties of soil, but also the way plant
associations interact with it. The work area is coastal dunes as the type of
land. Mediterranean floristic region of about 50 vascular plants have been
identified within the study area. Most of the work place is filled with
quaternary type of land. Stations in the study area, The central Mediterranean
(WASS) and the Eastern Mediterranean I. Type (WSAS) precipitation regimes show
and the work place has “Rainy Sub Soft, Rainy Sub Hot, A Little Rainy Warm, A
little Rainy Soft” Mediterranean Bioclimate. 
Alluvial soils exist in the group' s study field. Water saturation
percentage is lower than of 36 % of the sand soils structure. % Water
saturation ratio is high on 
Mersin-Silifke coastal dunes. 
Humidity percentage is high Antalya-Göynük  coastal dunes. Obviously, distribution of
grain sizes plays key roles on vegetation on coastal dunes. Coastal sand dunes
range from small to large grain sizes. The rate of small sand is high. The soil
samples taken from the group are very little salty, very highly calcareous
(21,64-55,61) on Mersin-Silifke and Taşucu coastal dunes, pH (7,6-7,8) slightly
alkaline on Mersin-Susanoğlu coastal dunes and other coastal dunes are strongly
alkaline.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ononidetum hispanicae ass, Soil-vegetation relationship, Coastal ecosystems, Conservation area, Ecological tolerance limits

Kaynakça

• Akman, Y., (2011), “İklim ve Biyoiklim”, Palme Yayınları, Ankara, 345 s. Avcıoğlu, M., Erginal, A.E., Öztürk, M.Z., Demirci, A., Ekinci, Y.L., Türkeş, M., Karabacak, E., Sungur, A., Özcan, H., Ekinci, R. and Erginal, G., (2015), "Physico-Chemical Features and Subsurface Nature of Coastal Dunes on Bozcaada Island, NW Turkey", International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 2(1): 1-15. Bouyoucos, G. J. (1951), "A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making mechanical analysis of soil", Agron. J. 43: 434-438. Braun-Blanquet, J. (Trans. G. D. Fuller and H. S. Conard), (1932), “Plant Sociology; The Study of Plant Communities”, Mcgraw-Hill, London, 438 pp. Costa, C.S.B., Cordazzo, C.V. and Seeliger, U., (1996), "Shore disturbance and dune plant distribution", J. Coast. Res., 12 (1): 133–140. Çakan, H., Düzenli, A., Karaömerlioğlu D., (2003), "Çukurova Deltası (Yumurtalık Lagünü, Akyatan, Agyatan ve TuzGölü) Vejetasyonunun Araştırılması". TÜBITAK, TBAG-1793 (1999T022), Ankara, 200 s. Davis, P. H.(ed.), (1965-1985), “Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands”, Edinburg Univ. Press, I-IX. Davis, P. H., Mill, R. R., and Tan, K..,(1988), “Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands”, Edinburg Univ. Press, X. D. M. İ. (General Directorate of Meteorology), (2015), “Meteoroloji Bülteni”, T. C. Başbakanlık Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Araştırma ve Bilgi İşlem Dairesi Bşk. Ankara. Fenu, G., Cogoni, D.,Ferrara,C., Pinna, M.S. and Bacchetta, G., (2012), " Relationships between coastal sand dune properties and plant community distribution: the case of Is Arenas (Sardinia)", Plant Biosyst., 146 (3): 586–602. Fenu, G., Carboni, M., Acosta, A. and Bacchetta, G., (2013), "Environmental factors influencing coastal vegetation pattern: new insights from the Mediterranean basin", Folia Geobot., 48 : 493–508. Géhu, J. M. and Uslu. T., (1989), “Donneessur la vegetation littorale de la Turquie du Nord-Quest”, Phytocoenologia, 17(4): 449-505. Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T., and Başer, K.H.C., (2000), “ Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands”, Edinburgh Univ. Press, XI. Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., ve Babaç, T., (Edt.) (2012), "Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler)", Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Yayını, İstanbul, 1290 s. Harita Gn. Md., (Map General Directorate) (1977), 1: 100 000 and 1: 25 000 scale topographic maps. Horvath, B., Opara-Nadi, O., Beese, F., (2005), "A simple method for measuring the carbonate content of soil". Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 69: 1066-1068. Karaömerlioğlu, D., (2007), "Göksu Deltasındaki (Silifke) Doğal Ekosistemlerin Bitki Ekolojisi Yönünden Araştırılması", Çukurova Ünv. Fen Bilimleri Enst., Doktora Tezi, Adana, 292 s. Kim, D., and Yu., K.B., (2009), "A conceptual model of coastal dune ecology synthesizing spatial gradients of vegetation, soil, and geomorphology" Plant Ecol., 202 (1) : 135–148. Köy Hizmetleri Gn. Md., (Rural Services General Directorate) (1991),” İçel İli Arazi Varlığı”, İl Rapor No: 33, Ankara, 140 s. Köy Hizmetleri Gn. Md., (Rural Services General Directorate) (1993),”Antalya İli Arazi Varlığı”, İl Rapor No: 07, Ankara, 152 s. Köy Hizmetleri Gn. Md., (Rural Services General Directorate) (1998), ”Muğla İli Arazi Varlığı”, İl Rapor No: 48, Ankara, 132 s. Maun, M.A., (2009) "The biology of coastal sand dunes", Oxford University Press, Oxford. M. T. A., (General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration) (1963, 1981), 1: 500 000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeolojisi Haritası, Akdeniz paftası, MTA yay. Ankara. Özcan, H., Erginal, A.E., Akbulak, C., Sungur, A. and Bozcu, M., (2010), "Physico-chemical characteristics of coastal dunes on the Saros gulf, Turkey", Journal of Coastal Research, 26(1): 132-142. Richards, L. A., (ed.) (1954), "Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils", U.S.A.Soil Survey Manual, (1951), "Agriculture Handbook", No: 60, U.S.A. Ruocco, M., Bertoni, D., Sarti, G. and Ciccarelli, D., (2014), "Mediterranean coastal dune system: Which abiotic factors have the most influence on plant communities" Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Science, 149: 213-222. Serteser, A., (2002a), “Investigation of Vegetation and Soil Relationship on Seyhan Delta(Adana-TURKEY) Coastal Dunes”, EPMR-2002, International Conference on Environmental Problems of The Mediterranean Region, April, 12-15, Near East University-TRNC. Serteser, A., (2002b), “Sakarya Kıyı Kumulları Bitki örtüsü-Toprak İlişkisi".Türkiye'nin Kıyı ve Deniz Alanları, IV. Ulusal Konferansı Bildirileri (Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir), 5-8 Kasım, 1. Cilt, s. 57-65. Serteser, A., (2004), “Ceyhan Deltası (Adana) Kıyı Kumullarının Bitki Örtüsü-Toprak ilişkisi Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi”, Türkiye'nin Kıyı ve Deniz Alanları V. Ulusal Konferansı Bildirileri (Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana), 1. Cilt, s. 17-24. Serteser, A., (2015), “Coastal Dunes Features of Endemic Ipomoeo – Elymetum farcti Association, East Mediterranean”, International Journal of Ecological Science and Environmental Engineering, 2(6), 44-47. Serteser, A., (2016), “Coastal Dunes Features of Endemic Ipomoeo stoloniferae – Sporobolus virginicus Association, East Mediterranean". International Journal of Ecological Science and Environmental Engineering, 3(2), 37-41. Uslu, T., (1977), "A plant ecological and sociological research on the dune and maquis vegetation between Mersin and Silifke", Communications, Sup.:1, S:C2 Botanique, Tome:21, 60 p. Uslu, T., (1989), “Geographical Information on Turkish Coastal Dunes. European Union for Dune Conservation and Coastal Management Publications”, Leiden, 60 p. Uslu, T., (1993), "Göksu deltası'nda kıyı kumul yönetimi. (Coastal dune management of Göksu delta)", DHKD Uluslararası Göksu Deltası Çevresel Kalkınma Semineri Bildiri Metinleri, 139-153. Silifke (In Turkish).