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KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 4, 251 - 258, 01.08.2016

Öz

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Kaynakça

  • Shingfield KJ, Wallace RJ. 2014. Synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in ruminants and humans. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 1-65. 2. Manzano S, Williamson G. 2010. Polyphenols and phenolic acids from strawberry and apple decrease glucose uptake and transport by human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Mol Nutr Food Res, 54 (12): 1773-1780.
  • Oyeleke GO, Olagunju EO, Ojo A. 2012. Functional and physicochemical properties of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seed and seed-oil. J Appl Chem, 2 (2): 29-31.
  • Simakova OA, Leino AR, Campo B, Mäki-Arvela P, Kordás K, Mikkola JP, Murzin DY. 2010. Linoleic acid isomerization over mesoporous carbon supported gold catalysts. Catal Today, 150 (1): 32-36.
  • Quirino RL, 2014. Commercial CLA and its chemical use. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 117-130.
  • Philippaerts A, Goossens S, Jacobs PA, Sels BF. 2011. Catalytic production of conjugated fatty acids and oils. ChemSusChem, 4 (6): 684-702.
  • Kritchevsky D, Tepper SA, Wright S, Czarnecki SK. 2002. Influence of graded levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits. Nutr Res, 22 (11): 1275-1279.
  • Kelley NS, Hubbard NE, Erickson KL. 2007. Conjugated linoleic acid isomers and cancer. J Nutr,137 (12): 2599-2607.
  • Park Y, Pariza MW. 2007. Mechanisms of body fat modulation by conjugated linoleic acid. Food Res Int, 40 (3): 311-323.
  • Soel SM, Choi OS, Bang MH, Park JHY, Kim WK. 2007. Influence of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on the metastasis of colon cancer cells in vitroand in vivo. J Nutr Biochem, 18 (10): 650-657. 11. Dilzer A, Park Y. 2012. Implication of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in human health. Crit Rev Food Sci, 52 (6): 488-513.
  • McGowan MM, Eisenberg BL, Lewis LD, Froehlich HM, Wells WA, Eastman A, Kuemmerle NB, Rosenkrantz KM, Barth RJ, Schwartz GN, Li Z, Tosteson TD, Beaulieu BB, Kinlaw WB. 2013. A proof of principle clinical trial to determine whether conjugated linoleic acid modulates the lipogenic pathway in human breast cancer tissue. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 138 (1): 175-183.
  • Bhatia A, Sharma A, Balgir PP, Kapoor D. 2015. Anti-cancerous effect of linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid on hepatic cancer cells and histocytic lymphoma cells: In vitro. Adv Appl Sci Res, 6 (4): 114-117.
  • Martins SV, Madeira A, Lopes PA, Pires VMR, Alfaia CM, Prates JAM, Moura T, Soveral G. 2015. Adipocyte membrane glycerol permeability is involved in the antiadipogenic effect of conjugated linoleic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 458 (2): 356-361.
  • Alves SP, Maia MRG, Bessa RJB, Fonseca AJM, Cabrita ARJ. 2012. Identification of C18 intermediates formed during stearidonic acid biohydrogenation by rumen microorganisms in vitro. Lipids, 47 (2): 171-183.
  • Buccioni A, Decandia M, Minieri S, Molle G, Cabiddu A. 2012. Lipid metabolism in the rumen: New insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 174 (1): 1-25.
  • Huws SA, Kim EJ, Cameron SJS, Girdwood SE, Davies L, Tweed J, Vallin H, Scollan ND. 2015. Characterization of the rumen lipidome and microbiome of steers fed a diet supplemented with flax and echium oil. Microb Biotechnol, 8 (2): 331-341.
  • Singh P, Senani S, Prasad CS, Rao SBN. 2013. Manipulation of conjugated linoleic acid in milk and meat through dietary management in ruminant animals: A Review. Indian J Hill Farm, 26 (2): 1-15.
  • Demirok E, Kolsarıcı N. 2010. Et ve et ürünlerinde konjuge linoleik asit ve önemi. GIDA, 35 (1): 71-77.
  • Buhrke T, Merkel R, Lengler I, Lampen A. 2012. Absorption and metabolism of cis-9, trans- 11-CLA and of its oxidation product 9,11-furan fatty acid by caco-2 cells. Lipids, 47 (4): 435-442.
  • Liu P, Shen SR, Ruan H, Zhou Q, Ma LL, He GQ. 2011. Production of conjugated linoleic acids by Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from naturally fermented Chinese pickles. J Zhejianq Univ Sci B, 12 (11): 923-930.
  • Park Y, Wu Y. 2014. Health benefits of conjugated fatty acids. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 94-116.
  • Blankson H, Stakkestad JA, Fagertun H, Thom E, Wadstein J, Gudmundsen O. 2000. Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat mass in overweight and obese humans. J Nutr, 130 (12): 2943-2948.
  • Risérus U, Berglund L, Vessby B. 2001. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduced abdominal adipose tissue in obese middle-aged men with signs of the metabolic syndrome: A randomised controlled trial. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 25 (8): 1129-1135.
  • Chen SC, Lin YH, Huang HP, Hsu WL, Houng JY, Huang CK. 2012. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on weight loss and body fat composition in a Chinese population. Nutrition, 28 (5): 559-565.
  • Gebauer SK, Chardigny JM, Jakobsen MU, Lamarche B, Lock AL, Proctor SD, Baer DJ. 2011. Effects of ruminant trans fatty acids on cardiovascular disease and cancer: A comprehensive review of epidemiological, clinical, and mechanistic studies. Adv Nutr, 2 (4): 332-354.
  • Vemuri M, Kelley DS. 2010. Insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by conjugated linoleic acid in humans. In: Modern Dietary Fat Intakes in Disease Promotion, Meester FD, Zibadi S, Watson RR (eds), Humana Press, USA, pp. 133-147.
  • Venkatramanan S, Joseph SV, Chouinard PY, Jacques H, Farnworth ER, Jones PJ. 2010. Milk enriched with conjugated linoleic acid fails to alter blood lipids or body composition in moderately overweight, borderline hyperlipidemic individuals. J Am Coll Nutr, 29 (2): 152-159.
  • Joseph SV, Jacques H, Plourde M, Mitchell PL, McLeod RS, Jones PJH. 2011. Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 8 weeks does not affect body composition, lipid profile, or safety biomarkers in overweight, hyperlipidemic men. J Nutr, 141 (7): 1286-1291.
  • McCrorie TA, Keaveney EM, Wallace JMW, Binns N, Livingstone MBE. 2011. Human health effects of conjugated linoleic acid from milk and supplements. Nutr Res Rev, 24 (2): 206-227.
  • Stout MB, Liu LF, Belury MA. 2011. Hepatic steatosis by dietary-conjugated linoleic acid is accompanied by accumulation of diacylglycerol and increased membrane-associated protein kinase C epsilon in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res, 55 (7): 1010-1017.
  • Derakhshande-Rishehri SM, Mansourian M, Kelishadi R, Heidari-Beni M. 2015. Association of foods enriched in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and CLA supplements with lipid profile in human studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr, 18 (11): 2041-2054.
  • Lehnen TE, Da Silva MR, Camacho A, Marcadenti A, Lehnen AM. 2015. A review on effects of conjugated linoleic fatty acid (CLA) upon body composition and energetic metabolism. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 12 (36): 1-11.
  • Chin SF, Storkson JM, Albright KJ, Cook ME, Pariza MW. 1994. Conjugated linoleic acid is a growth factor for rats as shown by enhanced weight gain and improved feed efficiency. J Nutr, 124 (12): 2344-2349.
  • Kennedy A, Martinez K, Schmidt S, Mandrup S, LaPoint K, McIntosh M. 2010. Antiobesity mechanisms of action of conjugated linoleic acid. J Nutr Biochem, 21 (3): 171-179.
  • Sagwal R, Kansal VK. 2010. Synergistic effect of synthetic conjugated linoleic acid & non-fat milk on fat deposition & lipid metabolism in mice. Indian J Med Res, 131 (3), 449-454.
  • Nieuwenhove CPV, Terán V, González SN. 2012. Conjugated linoleic and linolenic acid production by bacteria: Development of functional foods. In: Probiotics, Rigobelo EC (ed), Chapter 3, InTech, Croatia, pp. 55-88.
  • McGuire MK, McGuire MA, Ritzenthaler K, Shultz TD. 1999. Dietary sources and intakes of conjugated linoleic acid intake in humans. In: Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research, Yurawecz MP, Mossoba MM, Kramer JKG, Pariza MW, Nelson GJ (eds), Vol:1, AOCS Press, pp: 369-377.
  • Iwata T, Kamegai T, Yamauchi-Sato Y, Ogawa A, Kasai M, Aoyama T, Kondo K. 2007. Safety of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in a 12-weeks trial in healthy overweight Japanese male volunteers. J Oleo Sci, 56 (10): 517-525.
  • Angulo J, Hiller B, Olivera M, Mahecha L, Dannenberger D, Nuernberg G, Losand B, Nuernberg K. 2012. Dietary fatty acid intervention of lactating cows simultaneously affects lipid profiles of meat and milk. J Sci Food Agric, 92 (15): 2968-2974.
  • Everaert N, Koppenol A, Buyse J. 2014. Use of CLA in animal feed. In Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 66-93.
  • O’Shea EF, Cotter PD, Stanton C, Ross RP, Hill C. 2012. Production of bioactive substances by intestinal bacteria as a basis for explaining probiotic mechanisms: Bacteriocins and conjugated linoleic acid. Int J Food Microbiol, 152 (3): 189-205. 43. Andrade JC, Ascençao K, Gullon P, Henriques SMS, Pinto JMS, Rocha-Santos TAP, Freitas AC, Gomes AM. 2012. Production of conjugated linoleic acid by food-grade bacteria: A review. Int J Dairy Technol, 65 (4): 467-481.
  • Ogawa J, Takeuchia M, Kishino S. 2014. Recent advances in the production of CLA and conjugated vegetable oils: Microbial and enzymatic production of conjugated fatty acids and related fatty acids in biohydrogenation metabolism. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 131-150.
  • Zhao HW, Lv JP, Li SR. 2011. Production of conjugated linoleic acid by whole-cell of Lactobacillus plantarum
  • Biotec Eq, 25 (1): 2266-2272.
  • Rahnama F, Pourahmad R, Vanak ZP. 2013. Production of probiotic soy yogurt containing conjugated linoleic acid. Annals Biol Res, 4 (6): 182-187.
  • A6-1F. Biotechnol 47. Soto C. 2013. Effect of isomalto-oligosaccharide and gentio-oligosaccharide on the growth and fatty acid profile of Lactobacillus plantarum. Electron J Biotechn, 16 (4): 1-10.
  • Khosravi-Darani K, Reihani FS, Feili R. 2014. Bioproduction of conjugated linoleic acid in yogurt by probiotic bacteria. Int J Biotechnol Wellness Ind, 3 (2): 62-68.
  • Al-Hindi RR, Abd-El-Ghani S. 2015. Production of free conjugated linoleic acid by fermentation performed using Lactobacillus casei
  • Bifidobacterium bifidum. Global Veterinaria, 14 (5): 720-728.
  • and and animal health. In: Probiotic in Animals. Rigobelo EC (chief ed), InTech, Croatia, pp. 153-202.
  • Gorissen L, Raes K, Weckx S, Dannenberger D, Leroy F, De Vuyst L, De Smet S. 2010. Production of conjugated linoleic acid and conjugated linolenic acid isomers by Bifidobacterium species. Appl Microbiol Biot, 87 (6): 2257-2266.
  • Park HG, Heo W, Kim SB, Kim HS, Bae GS, Chung SH, Seo HC, Kim YJ. 2011. Production of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) by Bifidobacterium breve LMC520 and its compatibility with CLA- producing rumen bacteria. J Agric Food Chem, 59 (3): 984-988.
  • Vinderola G, Binetti A, Burns P, Reinheimer J. 2011. Cell viability and functionality of probiotic bacteria in dairy products. Front Microbiol, 2 (70): 1-6.
  • Villar-Tajadura MA, Rodr guez-Alcalá LM, Mart n V, Gómez De Segura A, Rodr guez JM, Requena T, Fontecha J. 2014. Production of conjugated linoleic and conjugated -linolenic acid in a reconstituted skim milk-based medium by bifidobacterial strains isolated from human breast milk. Biomed Res Int, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1155/2014/725406 (Accessed 25 November 2015).
  • Kishino S, Ogawa Y, Omura Y, Matsumura K, Shimizu S. 2002. Conjugated linoleic acid production from linoleic acid by lactic acid bacteria. J Am Oil Chem Soc, 79 (2): 159-163.
  • Xu S, Boylston TD, Glatz BA. 2005. Conjugated linoleic acid content and organoleptic attributes of fermented milk products produced with probiotic bacteria. J Agric Food Chem, 53 (23): 9064-9072.
  • Lin TY, Hung TH, Cheng TSJ. 2005. Conjugated linoleic acid production by immobilized cells of Lactobacillus delbrueckiissp. bulgaricus and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Food Chem, 92 (1): 23-28.
  • Yadav H, Jain S, Sinha PR. 2007. Production of free fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in probiotic dahi containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei during fermentation and storage. Int Dairy J, 17 (8): 1006-1010.
  • Salamon RV, Loki K, Varga-Visi E, Mandoki Z, Csapo J. 2009. Increase of conjugated linoleic acid content of dairy products by adding sunflower oil. Acta Univ Sapient Alim, 2 (2): 287-293.

IMPORTANCE OF CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACIDS AND THEIR BIOPRODUCTION BY SOME PROBIOTIC STRAINS

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 4, 251 - 258, 01.08.2016

Öz

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a common term of various positional and geometric isomers of linoleicacid (LA) which contains two unsaturated double bonds in the fatty acid chains. Isomers are synthesizedas an intermediate product during the bacterial biohydrogenation of LA to stearic acid in the rumen ofruminants or from the conversion of trans vaccenic acid by the ∆9-desaturase enzyme in the mammaryglands and adipose tissues. CLA isomers are found in many foods, but mainly present in meat and dairyproducts obtained from ruminant animals. Although there are diverse positive effects of CLA isomerson health, some potential concerns that can be caused by these compounds have been stated in somestudies. CLA production is not specific to rumen bacteria; it was determined that some lactic acid andpropionic acid bacteria as well as microorganisms isolated from the milk products, human and animalintestines involved in the production. Therefore, use of these microorganisms in food industry, especiallywithin the dairy branch, for the production of traditional or new fermented products enriched with CLAis a great importance

Kaynakça

  • Shingfield KJ, Wallace RJ. 2014. Synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid in ruminants and humans. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 1-65. 2. Manzano S, Williamson G. 2010. Polyphenols and phenolic acids from strawberry and apple decrease glucose uptake and transport by human intestinal Caco-2 cells. Mol Nutr Food Res, 54 (12): 1773-1780.
  • Oyeleke GO, Olagunju EO, Ojo A. 2012. Functional and physicochemical properties of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seed and seed-oil. J Appl Chem, 2 (2): 29-31.
  • Simakova OA, Leino AR, Campo B, Mäki-Arvela P, Kordás K, Mikkola JP, Murzin DY. 2010. Linoleic acid isomerization over mesoporous carbon supported gold catalysts. Catal Today, 150 (1): 32-36.
  • Quirino RL, 2014. Commercial CLA and its chemical use. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 117-130.
  • Philippaerts A, Goossens S, Jacobs PA, Sels BF. 2011. Catalytic production of conjugated fatty acids and oils. ChemSusChem, 4 (6): 684-702.
  • Kritchevsky D, Tepper SA, Wright S, Czarnecki SK. 2002. Influence of graded levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits. Nutr Res, 22 (11): 1275-1279.
  • Kelley NS, Hubbard NE, Erickson KL. 2007. Conjugated linoleic acid isomers and cancer. J Nutr,137 (12): 2599-2607.
  • Park Y, Pariza MW. 2007. Mechanisms of body fat modulation by conjugated linoleic acid. Food Res Int, 40 (3): 311-323.
  • Soel SM, Choi OS, Bang MH, Park JHY, Kim WK. 2007. Influence of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on the metastasis of colon cancer cells in vitroand in vivo. J Nutr Biochem, 18 (10): 650-657. 11. Dilzer A, Park Y. 2012. Implication of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in human health. Crit Rev Food Sci, 52 (6): 488-513.
  • McGowan MM, Eisenberg BL, Lewis LD, Froehlich HM, Wells WA, Eastman A, Kuemmerle NB, Rosenkrantz KM, Barth RJ, Schwartz GN, Li Z, Tosteson TD, Beaulieu BB, Kinlaw WB. 2013. A proof of principle clinical trial to determine whether conjugated linoleic acid modulates the lipogenic pathway in human breast cancer tissue. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 138 (1): 175-183.
  • Bhatia A, Sharma A, Balgir PP, Kapoor D. 2015. Anti-cancerous effect of linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid on hepatic cancer cells and histocytic lymphoma cells: In vitro. Adv Appl Sci Res, 6 (4): 114-117.
  • Martins SV, Madeira A, Lopes PA, Pires VMR, Alfaia CM, Prates JAM, Moura T, Soveral G. 2015. Adipocyte membrane glycerol permeability is involved in the antiadipogenic effect of conjugated linoleic acid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 458 (2): 356-361.
  • Alves SP, Maia MRG, Bessa RJB, Fonseca AJM, Cabrita ARJ. 2012. Identification of C18 intermediates formed during stearidonic acid biohydrogenation by rumen microorganisms in vitro. Lipids, 47 (2): 171-183.
  • Buccioni A, Decandia M, Minieri S, Molle G, Cabiddu A. 2012. Lipid metabolism in the rumen: New insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 174 (1): 1-25.
  • Huws SA, Kim EJ, Cameron SJS, Girdwood SE, Davies L, Tweed J, Vallin H, Scollan ND. 2015. Characterization of the rumen lipidome and microbiome of steers fed a diet supplemented with flax and echium oil. Microb Biotechnol, 8 (2): 331-341.
  • Singh P, Senani S, Prasad CS, Rao SBN. 2013. Manipulation of conjugated linoleic acid in milk and meat through dietary management in ruminant animals: A Review. Indian J Hill Farm, 26 (2): 1-15.
  • Demirok E, Kolsarıcı N. 2010. Et ve et ürünlerinde konjuge linoleik asit ve önemi. GIDA, 35 (1): 71-77.
  • Buhrke T, Merkel R, Lengler I, Lampen A. 2012. Absorption and metabolism of cis-9, trans- 11-CLA and of its oxidation product 9,11-furan fatty acid by caco-2 cells. Lipids, 47 (4): 435-442.
  • Liu P, Shen SR, Ruan H, Zhou Q, Ma LL, He GQ. 2011. Production of conjugated linoleic acids by Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from naturally fermented Chinese pickles. J Zhejianq Univ Sci B, 12 (11): 923-930.
  • Park Y, Wu Y. 2014. Health benefits of conjugated fatty acids. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 94-116.
  • Blankson H, Stakkestad JA, Fagertun H, Thom E, Wadstein J, Gudmundsen O. 2000. Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat mass in overweight and obese humans. J Nutr, 130 (12): 2943-2948.
  • Risérus U, Berglund L, Vessby B. 2001. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduced abdominal adipose tissue in obese middle-aged men with signs of the metabolic syndrome: A randomised controlled trial. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 25 (8): 1129-1135.
  • Chen SC, Lin YH, Huang HP, Hsu WL, Houng JY, Huang CK. 2012. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on weight loss and body fat composition in a Chinese population. Nutrition, 28 (5): 559-565.
  • Gebauer SK, Chardigny JM, Jakobsen MU, Lamarche B, Lock AL, Proctor SD, Baer DJ. 2011. Effects of ruminant trans fatty acids on cardiovascular disease and cancer: A comprehensive review of epidemiological, clinical, and mechanistic studies. Adv Nutr, 2 (4): 332-354.
  • Vemuri M, Kelley DS. 2010. Insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by conjugated linoleic acid in humans. In: Modern Dietary Fat Intakes in Disease Promotion, Meester FD, Zibadi S, Watson RR (eds), Humana Press, USA, pp. 133-147.
  • Venkatramanan S, Joseph SV, Chouinard PY, Jacques H, Farnworth ER, Jones PJ. 2010. Milk enriched with conjugated linoleic acid fails to alter blood lipids or body composition in moderately overweight, borderline hyperlipidemic individuals. J Am Coll Nutr, 29 (2): 152-159.
  • Joseph SV, Jacques H, Plourde M, Mitchell PL, McLeod RS, Jones PJH. 2011. Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 8 weeks does not affect body composition, lipid profile, or safety biomarkers in overweight, hyperlipidemic men. J Nutr, 141 (7): 1286-1291.
  • McCrorie TA, Keaveney EM, Wallace JMW, Binns N, Livingstone MBE. 2011. Human health effects of conjugated linoleic acid from milk and supplements. Nutr Res Rev, 24 (2): 206-227.
  • Stout MB, Liu LF, Belury MA. 2011. Hepatic steatosis by dietary-conjugated linoleic acid is accompanied by accumulation of diacylglycerol and increased membrane-associated protein kinase C epsilon in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res, 55 (7): 1010-1017.
  • Derakhshande-Rishehri SM, Mansourian M, Kelishadi R, Heidari-Beni M. 2015. Association of foods enriched in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and CLA supplements with lipid profile in human studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr, 18 (11): 2041-2054.
  • Lehnen TE, Da Silva MR, Camacho A, Marcadenti A, Lehnen AM. 2015. A review on effects of conjugated linoleic fatty acid (CLA) upon body composition and energetic metabolism. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 12 (36): 1-11.
  • Chin SF, Storkson JM, Albright KJ, Cook ME, Pariza MW. 1994. Conjugated linoleic acid is a growth factor for rats as shown by enhanced weight gain and improved feed efficiency. J Nutr, 124 (12): 2344-2349.
  • Kennedy A, Martinez K, Schmidt S, Mandrup S, LaPoint K, McIntosh M. 2010. Antiobesity mechanisms of action of conjugated linoleic acid. J Nutr Biochem, 21 (3): 171-179.
  • Sagwal R, Kansal VK. 2010. Synergistic effect of synthetic conjugated linoleic acid & non-fat milk on fat deposition & lipid metabolism in mice. Indian J Med Res, 131 (3), 449-454.
  • Nieuwenhove CPV, Terán V, González SN. 2012. Conjugated linoleic and linolenic acid production by bacteria: Development of functional foods. In: Probiotics, Rigobelo EC (ed), Chapter 3, InTech, Croatia, pp. 55-88.
  • McGuire MK, McGuire MA, Ritzenthaler K, Shultz TD. 1999. Dietary sources and intakes of conjugated linoleic acid intake in humans. In: Advances in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Research, Yurawecz MP, Mossoba MM, Kramer JKG, Pariza MW, Nelson GJ (eds), Vol:1, AOCS Press, pp: 369-377.
  • Iwata T, Kamegai T, Yamauchi-Sato Y, Ogawa A, Kasai M, Aoyama T, Kondo K. 2007. Safety of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in a 12-weeks trial in healthy overweight Japanese male volunteers. J Oleo Sci, 56 (10): 517-525.
  • Angulo J, Hiller B, Olivera M, Mahecha L, Dannenberger D, Nuernberg G, Losand B, Nuernberg K. 2012. Dietary fatty acid intervention of lactating cows simultaneously affects lipid profiles of meat and milk. J Sci Food Agric, 92 (15): 2968-2974.
  • Everaert N, Koppenol A, Buyse J. 2014. Use of CLA in animal feed. In Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 66-93.
  • O’Shea EF, Cotter PD, Stanton C, Ross RP, Hill C. 2012. Production of bioactive substances by intestinal bacteria as a basis for explaining probiotic mechanisms: Bacteriocins and conjugated linoleic acid. Int J Food Microbiol, 152 (3): 189-205. 43. Andrade JC, Ascençao K, Gullon P, Henriques SMS, Pinto JMS, Rocha-Santos TAP, Freitas AC, Gomes AM. 2012. Production of conjugated linoleic acid by food-grade bacteria: A review. Int J Dairy Technol, 65 (4): 467-481.
  • Ogawa J, Takeuchia M, Kishino S. 2014. Recent advances in the production of CLA and conjugated vegetable oils: Microbial and enzymatic production of conjugated fatty acids and related fatty acids in biohydrogenation metabolism. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils, Sels BF, Philippaerts A (eds), The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, pp. 131-150.
  • Zhao HW, Lv JP, Li SR. 2011. Production of conjugated linoleic acid by whole-cell of Lactobacillus plantarum
  • Biotec Eq, 25 (1): 2266-2272.
  • Rahnama F, Pourahmad R, Vanak ZP. 2013. Production of probiotic soy yogurt containing conjugated linoleic acid. Annals Biol Res, 4 (6): 182-187.
  • A6-1F. Biotechnol 47. Soto C. 2013. Effect of isomalto-oligosaccharide and gentio-oligosaccharide on the growth and fatty acid profile of Lactobacillus plantarum. Electron J Biotechn, 16 (4): 1-10.
  • Khosravi-Darani K, Reihani FS, Feili R. 2014. Bioproduction of conjugated linoleic acid in yogurt by probiotic bacteria. Int J Biotechnol Wellness Ind, 3 (2): 62-68.
  • Al-Hindi RR, Abd-El-Ghani S. 2015. Production of free conjugated linoleic acid by fermentation performed using Lactobacillus casei
  • Bifidobacterium bifidum. Global Veterinaria, 14 (5): 720-728.
  • and and animal health. In: Probiotic in Animals. Rigobelo EC (chief ed), InTech, Croatia, pp. 153-202.
  • Gorissen L, Raes K, Weckx S, Dannenberger D, Leroy F, De Vuyst L, De Smet S. 2010. Production of conjugated linoleic acid and conjugated linolenic acid isomers by Bifidobacterium species. Appl Microbiol Biot, 87 (6): 2257-2266.
  • Park HG, Heo W, Kim SB, Kim HS, Bae GS, Chung SH, Seo HC, Kim YJ. 2011. Production of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) by Bifidobacterium breve LMC520 and its compatibility with CLA- producing rumen bacteria. J Agric Food Chem, 59 (3): 984-988.
  • Vinderola G, Binetti A, Burns P, Reinheimer J. 2011. Cell viability and functionality of probiotic bacteria in dairy products. Front Microbiol, 2 (70): 1-6.
  • Villar-Tajadura MA, Rodr guez-Alcalá LM, Mart n V, Gómez De Segura A, Rodr guez JM, Requena T, Fontecha J. 2014. Production of conjugated linoleic and conjugated -linolenic acid in a reconstituted skim milk-based medium by bifidobacterial strains isolated from human breast milk. Biomed Res Int, http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1155/2014/725406 (Accessed 25 November 2015).
  • Kishino S, Ogawa Y, Omura Y, Matsumura K, Shimizu S. 2002. Conjugated linoleic acid production from linoleic acid by lactic acid bacteria. J Am Oil Chem Soc, 79 (2): 159-163.
  • Xu S, Boylston TD, Glatz BA. 2005. Conjugated linoleic acid content and organoleptic attributes of fermented milk products produced with probiotic bacteria. J Agric Food Chem, 53 (23): 9064-9072.
  • Lin TY, Hung TH, Cheng TSJ. 2005. Conjugated linoleic acid production by immobilized cells of Lactobacillus delbrueckiissp. bulgaricus and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Food Chem, 92 (1): 23-28.
  • Yadav H, Jain S, Sinha PR. 2007. Production of free fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid in probiotic dahi containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei during fermentation and storage. Int Dairy J, 17 (8): 1006-1010.
  • Salamon RV, Loki K, Varga-Visi E, Mandoki Z, Csapo J. 2009. Increase of conjugated linoleic acid content of dairy products by adding sunflower oil. Acta Univ Sapient Alim, 2 (2): 287-293.
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA53NN65PF
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Recep Güneş Bu kişi benim

Ahmet Şükrü Demirci Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 41 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Güneş, R., & Demirci, A. Ş. (2016). KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ. Gıda, 41(4), 251-258.
AMA Güneş R, Demirci AŞ. KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ. GIDA. Ağustos 2016;41(4):251-258.
Chicago Güneş, Recep, ve Ahmet Şükrü Demirci. “KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ”. Gıda 41, sy. 4 (Ağustos 2016): 251-58.
EndNote Güneş R, Demirci AŞ (01 Ağustos 2016) KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ. Gıda 41 4 251–258.
IEEE R. Güneş ve A. Ş. Demirci, “KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ”, GIDA, c. 41, sy. 4, ss. 251–258, 2016.
ISNAD Güneş, Recep - Demirci, Ahmet Şükrü. “KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ”. Gıda 41/4 (Ağustos 2016), 251-258.
JAMA Güneş R, Demirci AŞ. KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ. GIDA. 2016;41:251–258.
MLA Güneş, Recep ve Ahmet Şükrü Demirci. “KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ”. Gıda, c. 41, sy. 4, 2016, ss. 251-8.
Vancouver Güneş R, Demirci AŞ. KONJUGE LİNOLEİK ASİTLERİN ÖNEMİ VE BAZI PROBİYOTİK SUŞLAR TARAFINDAN ÜRETİMİ. GIDA. 2016;41(4):251-8.

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