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ILO’S SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOORS AS AN INSTRUMENT AGAINST INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT IN GLOBAL ERA AND ITS APPLICABILITY IN TURKEY

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 15, 213 - 234, 31.08.2017

Öz

While discussions about whether effect of globalization is negative or
positive on a nation’s wealth are ongoing, existence of this effect is
undisputable phenomenon. However, in most cases, unqualified and informal
employers experience most devastating effects of globalization in local level.
International Labour Organization (ILO) has developed Social Protection Floors
Approach for producing global answers to these global problems. The paper aims
to investigate the efficiency of an international solution produced as an
answer to a national problem intensified by global effects. In that sense,
capacity and applicability of ILO’s National Social Protection Floors Approach
will be discussed and solutions will be offered for Turkish informal employment
problem based on the Approach. As result of the paper, the framework produced
by the Approach was found meaningful and applicable. However, like many other
subjects, the success of execution of the approach depends on the level of
national ownership.  

Kaynakça

  • Adamkiewicz–Drwiłło G. (2013). Globalisation and the world economic poverty: the significance of hidden dimensions. Quantitative Meth-ods in Economics, Vol. XIV, No. 1, 7 - 14.
  • Adams Jr R. H., Page J. (2005). Do international migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries?. The World Development, Vol. 33, No.10, 1645–1669.
  • Aydın E. G. (2013). A study on informal employment in Turkey from theo-retical and empirical perspectives. International Conference on Eurasian Economies 2013, Session 6C: Regional Issues, 783 – 790, http://avekon.org/proceedings/eecon2013.pdf, accessed: 10.12.2016.
  • Benjamin N., Beegle K., Recanatini F. and Santini M. (2014). Informal econ-omy and the world bank. Policy Research Working Paper 6888. World Bank.
  • Bergh A., Nilsson T. (2014). Is globalization reducing absolute poverty?. The World Development, Vol. 62, 42 – 61.
  • Caracciolo B. (2010). Social protection: An instrument for poverty reduc-tion and social cohesion. european social watch report 2010 - time for action responding to poverty, Social Exclusion and Inequality in Europe and Beyond. http://www.socialwatch.eu/wcm/documents/instrument_for_poverty_reduction_and_social_cohesion.pdf, accessed: 10.10.2016.
  • Cetrángolo O., Bertranou F., Casanova L. (2015). Employment situation in latin america and the caribbean - universal social protection in la-bour markets with high levels of informality. ECLAC/ILO Number 12.
  • Chandy L., Gertz G. (2011). Poverty in numbers: The changing state of global poverty from 2005 to 2015. Policy Brief 2011-01. Global Views, Global Economy and Development at Brookings.
  • Gal, J. (2010). Is there an extended family of mediterranean welfare states?. Journal of European Social Policy, Vol. 20(4).
  • Goldin I., Reinert K. (2007). Globalization for development: Trade, finance, aid, migration, and policy. World Bank. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  • Interviews with ILO Experts conducted by the Author (2016), ILO Centre, Geneva.
  • Ipek M. (2014). Kayıt dışı istihdamda küresel etkiler ve sosyal örüntüler, Çalışma ve Toplum, 2014/1, 163 – 186.
  • Isik R. (2012). Ilo’nun 14 haziran 2012 tarihli ve 202 numaralı sosyal koruma ulusal tabanlariyla ilgili tavsiye karari uzerine bir not. Mess Sicil, 27, 239-242.
  • Kapar R. (2015). Uluslararası çalışma örgütü’nün sosyal koruma tabanları yaklaşımı. Karatahta İş Yazılar, C.1, S.1.
  • Kus B. (2014). The informal road to markets. International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 41 Iss 4, 278 – 293.
  • Lee Kang-Kook (2014). Globalization, income inequality and poverty: Theory and empirics. Social System Studies, Vol. 28, 109 - 134
  • Majeed T. M. (2015). Distributional and poverty consequences of globalization: Are oic countries different?. In H A El-Karanshawy et al. (Eds.) Islamic Economic: Theory, Policy and Social Justice. Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation.
  • Nissanke M. (2010). Globalization, poverty, and inequality in latin america: Findings from case studies. The World Development, Vol. 38, No. 6, 797 - 802.
  • Ofreneo R. E. (2010). Will asia and the world waste the crisis? Policy coherence and social protection for all china. Journal of Social Work, 3:1, 5 – 17.
  • Salvatore D. (2012). Growth, poverty and governance in the age of globalization. paper prepared for the international conference on: Institu-tions, society and markets: towards a new international balance. Catholic University Milan. May 4-5, 2012.
  • Turkstat (2015). Income and living conditions survey, 2006-2014, http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=18633, ac-cessed: 02/04/2016.
  • Turkstat (2015). Poverty study 2014.
  • http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=18690, accessed: 02/04/2016.
  • Turkstat (2015). Press Bulletin on Informal Employment, No:43.
  • http://tuik.gov.tr/basinOdasi/haberler/2015_43_20150709.pdf, ac-cessed: 13/03/2016.
  • Wade R. H. (2004). Is Globalization Reducing Poverty And Inequality?. The World Development, Vol. 32, No. 4, 567 – 589.
  • World Bank (2015) Overview – 02 Ekim 2016.
  • http://www.the worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview, accessed: 30.11.2016.
  • Yakut-Cakar B. (2007). Turkey. in Bob Deacon, Paul Stubbs (ed) Social Policy and International Intervention in South East Europa. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Yanar R., Şahbaz A. (2013). Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde küreselleşmenin yoksulluk ve gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkileri. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 8(3), 55- 74.

KÜRESEL ÇAĞDA KAYIT DIŞI İSTİHDAMLA MÜCADELE ARACI OLARAK ILO’NUN SOSYAL KORUMA TABANLARI VE TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANABİLİRLİĞİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 15, 213 - 234, 31.08.2017

Öz

Uluslararası ekonomiye açıklığın ülkelerin refah
düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisinin yönü üzerine tartışmalar sürse de, etkinin
varlığı genel kabul gören bir gerçektir. Bununla birlikle, bir çok durumda,
kalifeye olmayan ve kayıt dışı çalışan kesim küreselleşmenin en yıkıcı
etkilerini yerel düzeyde yaşıyanlar olmaktadır. Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü
(ILO) küresel düzeydeki bu sorunlara, yine küresel yanıtlar verebilmek için
Sosyal Koruma Tabanları Yaklaşımını geliştirmiştir.  Bu çalışma, küresel gelişmelerden kaynaklanan
yoksulluğun yarattığı kayıt dışılık sorununa, herkes için sosyal güvenlik
sloganıyla yanıt arayan bu yaklaşımı değerlendirme amacını taşımaktadır.
Çalışma, küresel etkilerle şiddetlenen bir yerel soruna çözüm olarak
uluslararası düzeyde üretilen bir cevabın yeterliliğini sorgulamaktadır. Bu
anlamda ILO’nun Sosyal Koruma Tabanları Yaklaşımının kapasitesi ve
uygulanabilirliği tartışılmakta, yaklaşımın esaslarına dayanarak Türkiye’de
yaşanan kayıt dışı istihdam sorunu için çözüm önerileri ortaya konmaktadır.
Gelinen nokta, bu yaklaşım ortaya koyduğu çerçevenin anlamlı olduğudur. Ancak
yaklaşımın uygulamadaki başarısı, birçok diğer konuda olduğu gibi, ulusal
sahiplenme düzeyine bağlıdır.  

Kaynakça

  • Adamkiewicz–Drwiłło G. (2013). Globalisation and the world economic poverty: the significance of hidden dimensions. Quantitative Meth-ods in Economics, Vol. XIV, No. 1, 7 - 14.
  • Adams Jr R. H., Page J. (2005). Do international migration and remittances reduce poverty in developing countries?. The World Development, Vol. 33, No.10, 1645–1669.
  • Aydın E. G. (2013). A study on informal employment in Turkey from theo-retical and empirical perspectives. International Conference on Eurasian Economies 2013, Session 6C: Regional Issues, 783 – 790, http://avekon.org/proceedings/eecon2013.pdf, accessed: 10.12.2016.
  • Benjamin N., Beegle K., Recanatini F. and Santini M. (2014). Informal econ-omy and the world bank. Policy Research Working Paper 6888. World Bank.
  • Bergh A., Nilsson T. (2014). Is globalization reducing absolute poverty?. The World Development, Vol. 62, 42 – 61.
  • Caracciolo B. (2010). Social protection: An instrument for poverty reduc-tion and social cohesion. european social watch report 2010 - time for action responding to poverty, Social Exclusion and Inequality in Europe and Beyond. http://www.socialwatch.eu/wcm/documents/instrument_for_poverty_reduction_and_social_cohesion.pdf, accessed: 10.10.2016.
  • Cetrángolo O., Bertranou F., Casanova L. (2015). Employment situation in latin america and the caribbean - universal social protection in la-bour markets with high levels of informality. ECLAC/ILO Number 12.
  • Chandy L., Gertz G. (2011). Poverty in numbers: The changing state of global poverty from 2005 to 2015. Policy Brief 2011-01. Global Views, Global Economy and Development at Brookings.
  • Gal, J. (2010). Is there an extended family of mediterranean welfare states?. Journal of European Social Policy, Vol. 20(4).
  • Goldin I., Reinert K. (2007). Globalization for development: Trade, finance, aid, migration, and policy. World Bank. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
  • Interviews with ILO Experts conducted by the Author (2016), ILO Centre, Geneva.
  • Ipek M. (2014). Kayıt dışı istihdamda küresel etkiler ve sosyal örüntüler, Çalışma ve Toplum, 2014/1, 163 – 186.
  • Isik R. (2012). Ilo’nun 14 haziran 2012 tarihli ve 202 numaralı sosyal koruma ulusal tabanlariyla ilgili tavsiye karari uzerine bir not. Mess Sicil, 27, 239-242.
  • Kapar R. (2015). Uluslararası çalışma örgütü’nün sosyal koruma tabanları yaklaşımı. Karatahta İş Yazılar, C.1, S.1.
  • Kus B. (2014). The informal road to markets. International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 41 Iss 4, 278 – 293.
  • Lee Kang-Kook (2014). Globalization, income inequality and poverty: Theory and empirics. Social System Studies, Vol. 28, 109 - 134
  • Majeed T. M. (2015). Distributional and poverty consequences of globalization: Are oic countries different?. In H A El-Karanshawy et al. (Eds.) Islamic Economic: Theory, Policy and Social Justice. Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation.
  • Nissanke M. (2010). Globalization, poverty, and inequality in latin america: Findings from case studies. The World Development, Vol. 38, No. 6, 797 - 802.
  • Ofreneo R. E. (2010). Will asia and the world waste the crisis? Policy coherence and social protection for all china. Journal of Social Work, 3:1, 5 – 17.
  • Salvatore D. (2012). Growth, poverty and governance in the age of globalization. paper prepared for the international conference on: Institu-tions, society and markets: towards a new international balance. Catholic University Milan. May 4-5, 2012.
  • Turkstat (2015). Income and living conditions survey, 2006-2014, http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=18633, ac-cessed: 02/04/2016.
  • Turkstat (2015). Poverty study 2014.
  • http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=18690, accessed: 02/04/2016.
  • Turkstat (2015). Press Bulletin on Informal Employment, No:43.
  • http://tuik.gov.tr/basinOdasi/haberler/2015_43_20150709.pdf, ac-cessed: 13/03/2016.
  • Wade R. H. (2004). Is Globalization Reducing Poverty And Inequality?. The World Development, Vol. 32, No. 4, 567 – 589.
  • World Bank (2015) Overview – 02 Ekim 2016.
  • http://www.the worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview, accessed: 30.11.2016.
  • Yakut-Cakar B. (2007). Turkey. in Bob Deacon, Paul Stubbs (ed) Social Policy and International Intervention in South East Europa. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Yanar R., Şahbaz A. (2013). Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde küreselleşmenin yoksulluk ve gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkileri. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 8(3), 55- 74.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Varol Dur

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 15

Kaynak Göster

APA Dur, V. (2017). KÜRESEL ÇAĞDA KAYIT DIŞI İSTİHDAMLA MÜCADELE ARACI OLARAK ILO’NUN SOSYAL KORUMA TABANLARI VE TÜRKİYE’DE UYGULANABİLİRLİĞİ. Hak İş Uluslararası Emek Ve Toplum Dergisi, 6(15), 213-234.