Bakteriyel Vajinozisin Preterm Eylem Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 152 - 159, 31.08.2018

Tuğba Dündar Sevgi Özsoy

https://doi.org/10.31125/hunhemsire.454375

Öz

Her yıl yaklaşık 15 milyon bebek, preterm eylemle doğmakta ve yaklaşık 1 milyon çocuk,
preterm eylem sonucu gelişen komplikasyonlar nedeni ile hayatını kaybetmektedir. Preterm
eylem gelişiminde rol oynadığı düşünülen çok sayıda risk faktörü bulunmaktadır. Genetik
faktörler değiştirilemez risk faktörleri arasında iken; gebelik yaşı, enfeksiyonlar, çoğul gebelik,
stres, beslenme dengesizliği ve sigara içme gibi faktörler değiştirilebilir risk faktörleri arasında
yer almaktadır. Değiştirilebilir risk faktörleri arasında yer alan enfeksiyonlardan biri bakteriyel
vajinozistir. Bakteriyel vajinozis, kadınlarda sıklıkla görülen ve çoğunlukla asemptomatik
seyreden bir durumdur. Bu nedenle, düzenli pelvik muayene yaptırmayan kadınlarda teşhis
ve tedavisi gecikmektedir. Çok eşli olanlar, sigara içenler, vajinal duş yapanlar ve siyah ırktan
olanlar bakteriyel vajinozis açısından risk altındadır. Bakteriyel vajinozis, üreme çağındaki
kadınlarda sık rastlanan bir enfeksiyon olduğu için gebelik sırasında da görülebilmektedir.
Neredeyse her kadının hayatının bir parçasını oluşturan gebelik döneminde, bakteriyel
vajinozisin varlığının, preterm eylem görülme riskinde artışa neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu
nedenle; hemşirelerin, bakteriyel vajinozis açısından riskli gebeleri belirlemede, takip etmede,
gerektiğinde tedaviye yönlendirmede, vajinal enfeksiyonlar ve korunma yolları ile ilgili eğitim
ve danışmanlık vermede preterm eylemlerin önlenmesi açısından önemli rolü vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bakteriyel vajinozis, gebelik, hemşirelik, preterm eylem

The Effect of Bacterial Vaginosis on Preterm Labor

Öz

Approximately 15 million babies are born prematurely each year and about 1 million children
die because of complications resulting from preterm labor. There are a great number of risk
factors that are thought to play a role in the development of preterm labor. While genetic
factors are among the unmodifiable risk factors; gestational age, infections, multiple pregnancy,
stress, nutritional imbalance and smoking are among the modifiable risk factors. Among one of
the infections in modifiable risk factors is bacterial vaginosis. Bacterial vaginosis is a common
condition seen among women and are usually asymptomatic. For this reason, diagnosis and
treatment are delayed in women who do not have regular pelvic examinations. Women who are
polygamous, smokers, practice vaginal douching and black are at risk for bacterial vaginosis.
Bacterial vaginosis can also be seen during pregnancy because it is a common infection in women of reproductive age. It has been determined that bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy
causes an increased risk of developing preterm labor. Therefore, nurses play a crucial role in
identifying and following up risky pregnancies in terms of bacterial vaginosis, referral to care if
necessary, providing education and consultancy on vaginal infections and ways of prevention,
and thus prevent preterm labor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bacterial vaginosis, pregnancy, nursing, preterm labor

Kaynakça

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