Damak ± Dudak Yarıklı Bireylerde İşitme ve Dil Gelişiminin Değerlendirilmesi

- , 28.12.2017

Güzide Atalık , Şadiye Bacık Tırank , Melis Keskin Yıldız Gurbet Şahin Kamışlı Hakan Tutar Bülent Gündüz

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.364486

Öz

Amaç:
Damak ± dudak yarıklı çocukların büyük kısmında yaşamlarının ilk yıllarında
otitis mediaya bağlı iletim tip işitme kaybı görülür. Gerekli müdahalelerin
yapılmayarak işitme kayıplı geçirilen sürenin uzaması ya da işitme kaybının
kalıcı hale dönüşmesi dil gelişimini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Bu
çalışmada amacımız ünitemize başvuran damak ± dudak yarıklı bireylerin
işitmelerini değerlendirerek, kayıp varsa işitme kaybı tipini belirlemek ve
işitme kaybı olmayan damak ± dudak yarıklı çocukların dil becerilerinin
değerlendirmektir.

Gereç-Yöntem:
Çalışma Nisan 2014 ile Haziran 2017 tarihleri arasında Gazi Üniversitesi KBB
Anabilim Dalı Odyoloji, Konuşma, Ses ve Denge Merkezi’nde yürütülmüştür.
Çalışmaya yaşları 2 ile 20 arasında değişen 30 damak ± dudak yarıklı olgu
katılmıştır. Olguların tümü damak ± dudak açısından cerrahi operasyon
geçirmişlerdir. Bireylere önce otolojik muayene ve odyolojik değerlendirme
yapılarak işitme kaybı varsa tipi belirlenmiştir. İşitme kaybı olmayan 2-7 yaş
arası olgulara dil değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır.

Bulgular:
Çalışmaya katılan olguların %30’unda işitme kaybı belirlenmiştir. İşitme kaybı
olan olguların

%88’inde
iletim tipi işitme kaybı; %12’sinde sensörinöral tip işitme kaybı görülmüştür.
 Dil değerlendirilmesi yapılan 11 olgudan 3’ünde (%27) alıcı dil
becerilerinde gecikme olduğu, 7’sinde (%63) ifade edici dil becerilerinde gecikme
 olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sözel dil
performansına bakıldığında vakalardan 4’ünün (%36) dil becerilerinde gecikme
olduğu görülmüştür.

Sonuç:
 Damak ± dudak yarıklı olgularda düzenli otolojik ve odyolojik takibi büyük
önem taşımaktadır. İşitme kaybı olmayan damak ± dudak yarıklı çocuklarda yüksek
oranda görülen dil gecikmesi/bozukluğu bu vakalardaki dil gelişimi
değerlendirilmesi gereksinimini vurgulamaktadır. Çalışma bu bireylerin
multidisipliner bir ekip tarafından takip edilmesi ihtiyacını ortaya
çıkarmaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Damak ± dudak Yarıkları, İşitme Kaybı

Assessment of Hearing and Language Development in Individuals with Cleft Lip Palate

Öz

Objectives: Most children with cleft palate±lip  have
conductive-type hearing loss due to otitis media in the  early years of
life. Due to not presenting required interventions can affect language
development negatively. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hearing
thresholds and determine the type of hearing loss and to evaluate the
linguistic skills of children with cleft palate and lips without hearing loss.

Materıals and Methods: The study was conducted in ENT,
Audiology and Speech Disorders Department at Gazi University  between
April 2014 and June 2017. 30 patients who were between 2 to 20 years old,
 with cleft lip±palate were included in the study. First, hearing
assessments were performed;  if individuals had hearing loss, type of
hearing loss were identified. Then, language assessments were made on 2-7 year
old children who have no hearing loss.

Results: Among individuals who had hearing loss
(%30), 88% of cases had conductive type and 12% of them had
sensorineural hearing loss.

Receptive and
expressive language assesment were conducted with 11 cases between the ages of
2 to 7. It was observed that 3
(%27) participants had receptive language delay and 7 (%63) had delays in
expressive language skills.

Conclusion: Regular otological and audiologic follow-up is
important for children with cleft lip±palate. The high rate of language
impairment in children with cleft palate ± lip without hearing loss indicated
that the language development of these children needs to be assessed. The study
reveals that these children must be monitored by a multidisciplinary team.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cleft Lip ± Palate, Hearing Loss

Kaynakça

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