CRITICAL EVALUATION OF PROMOTING PARTICIPATION OF NGOs IN THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 43 - 69, 25.06.2018

Mehmet Halil Mustafa Bektaş

Öz

Informal relationships have been
developed between the UN Security Council (SC) and non-governmental
organizations (NGOs). Some scholars and politicians have suggested that these
informal relationships should be strengthened through the provision of more formal
access mechanisms such as consultative status. On the other hand, increasing
participation by NGOs on the SC is questioned by others on the grounds of
accountability, fairness and objectivity, the
purported threat to international legal order of such participation, and the
undermining of the SC’s effectiveness. The current study critically evaluates
these reservations regarding the promotion of access for NGOs to the SC. It
examines whether or not the provision of formal access justifies these concerns,
concluding that while some reservations might be valid, they should not be
considered as insuperable obstacles. This is firstly because the SC could
develop a mechanism for granting formal access to NGOs that could address these
concerns, and secondly that, given that the SC itself already suffers from a
lack of accountability, fairness, objectivity and effectiveness, such access by
NGOs could help enhance the SC’s capacities in these areas. There is a limited
amount of literature on increasing access for NGOs to the SC, but to the best
of the author’s knowledge no study has evaluated criticisms of such access in
particular, as opposed to NGO’s participation in international organizations in
general. The present paper would therefore contribute to the literature in this
regard.

Anahtar Kelimeler

UN Security Council, Accountability of NGOs, Formal/ Informal Participation

BM GÜVENLİK KONSEYİ’NDE STK KATILIMLARININ GELİŞTİRİLMESİNİN ELEŞTİREL DEĞERLENDİRMESİ

Öz

BM Güvenlik Konseyi ile sivil toplum
kuruluşları (STK) arasında resmi olmayan münasebetler geliştirilmiştir. Bazı
araştırmacılar ve politikacılar bu gayrı resmi münasebetlerin daha da
geliştirilip danışmanlık statüsü gibi resmi boyuta taşınmasını tavsiye etmiştir.
Diğer taraftan, bazıları STK’ların hesap verebilirlik, eşitlik ve nesnellik,
uluslararası yasal düzene tehdit oluşturma ve Konsey’in etkin bir şekilde
hareket etmesini zayıflatma gibi olumsuz yönlerine vurgulayarak STK’ların
Konsey’deki katılımlarının resmi boyuta taşınmasını sorgulamıştırlar. Bu mevcut
çalışma, STK’ların Konsey’e resmi statüde girişleri hakkındaki çekinceleri
eleştirel bir şekilde ele almıştır. Tavsiye edilen resmi münasebetlerin
sağlanmasının bu çekinceleri doğrulayıp doğrulamayacağını incelenmiş, sonuç
olarak bazı çekincelerin geçerli olabileceği, ancak çözümlenemez engeller
olmadıkları kanaatine varılmıştır. Bunun iki temel nedeni var, birincisi,
Konsey STK’larla resmi münasebetler geliştirirken oluşturacağı bir mekanizma
ile bu çekincelerin üstesinden gelebilir; ikinci olarak, Konsey hâlihazırda
kendisi hesap verebilirlik, eşitlik ve etkili bir şekilde harekete geçme gibi
hususlarda problemler yaşamaktadır, STK’lar resmi münasebetler aracılığı ile
Konseyin zayıf olduğu bu kabiliyetlerinin iyileştirmesinde katkıda bulunabilir.
Literatürde STK’ların Konseye katılımlarının geliştirilmesine yönelik sınırlı
sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır, yazarın bildiği kadarıyla özelde böyle bir
katılımın eleştirilerini inceleyen bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır ki yapılan
çalışmalar STK’ların genel olarak uluslararası kuruluşlara katılımını ele
almıştır. Bu bağlamda, mevcut makale literatüre katkı sağlayacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

BM Güvenlik Konseyi, STK’ların Hesap Verebilirliği, Resmi/Gayrı Resmi Katılım

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