Nefret Suçlarının Önlenmesi için Ön Koşul Olarak Etkili Kovuşturma

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 29.06.2018

Besa Arifi

Öz

Makedonya’da nefret suçlarıyla mücadele konusunda en ciddi sorun, bu tür vakaların çoğunlukla nefret suçları olarak değil, adi suçlar olarak değerlendirilip suçun arkasındaki gerçek saikin tanınmamasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bundan dolayı, çoğu zaman ülkedeki resmi rakamlara göre nefret suçu oranı gerçek durumu yansıtmamaktadır.

Bu makale, nefret suçlarının sorunun tanınması ve gelecekte bu suçların önlenmesi için etkili bir biçimde kovuşturulmasının önemini analiz edecektir. Kurumsal yaklaşım olmaksızın, bu suçların sadece devam etmesi değil, aynı zamanda bu tür suçların resmi verilere görünür olmamasıyla birlikte sorunun çözülmesi yerine maalesef daha karmaşık hale getirmektedir.

Makalede, Makedonya’daki nefret suçlarının yasal düzenlemeleri ve nefret suçlarının etkili bir şekilde kovuşturma amacı ile daha iyi bir mevzuat sağlanması yönündeki çabaları incelenecekir. Resmi ve resmi olmayan raporların taraması yapılıp analiz edilecek ve bölgesel ülkelerdeki nefret suçlarının kovuşturulmasıyla karşılaştırması yapılacaktır.

Sonuçlar ve tavsiyeler, karşılaştırmalı araştırma sonucu ortaya çıkan yasal değişiklikler ve çözümlerin Makedonya’daki nefret suçlarının kovuşturulmasıyla ilgili gelişmelere nasıl katkıda bulunabileceği konusunda fikir sunacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nefret suçları, nefret söylemi, kovuşturma

Effective Prosecution of Hate Crimes as a Precondition for Their Prevention

Öz

The most serious problem in regard to dealing with hate crime in Macedonia is the fact that in the majority of cases, these crimes are not presented as hate crimes but as “normal” crimes lacking the recognition of the true motivation behind them. Thus the official hate crime rate in this country typically does not represent the true situation.
This article will analyze the importance of effective prosecution of hate crimes, both for the recognition of the problem and for future prevention of these crimes. It is evident that without institutional action these crimes will not only continue to happen, but they will also continue to be “hidden” from the official data, which unfortunately, does not solve but rather complicates the problem.
The article will analyze the legal regulation of hate crimes in Macedonia and the efforts that are being made to provide better legislation with the aim of effectively prosecuting such crimes. The official and shadow reports will be analyzed in a desk research method and comparison will be made in regard to the prosecution of hate crimes in the regional countries. Conclusions and recommendations will offer ideas about how the legislative amendments and solutions found in comparative practice can contribute to improvement in regard to prosecuting hate crimes in Macedonia.

Anahtar Kelimeler

hate speech, prosecution, Hate crimes

Kaynakça

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