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A Nurse for Each School: Students with Disabilities and Their Health Requirements

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 191 - 195, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.577310

Öz

It is known that students with different disabilities such as special needs, chronic illness, hearing-visual disability have difficulties to attend school regularly and participate effectively in school learning processes due to their health problems. School health nurses provide an important opportunity for the integration students to meet and monitor the health needs in the school life, and evaluate the students and their families to cooperate. This article focuses on the health needs of the students with disabilities and the role of the school health nurse.

It
is known that students with different disabilities such as special needs,
chronic illness, hearing-visual disability have difficulties to attend school
regularly and participate effectively in school learning processes due to their
health problems. School health nurses provide an important opportunity for the
integration students to meet and monitor the health needs in the school life, and
evaluate the students and their families to cooperate. This article focuses on
the health needs of the students with disabilities and the role of the school
health nurse.

Abstract

Background/Aims:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusions: 




Kaynakça

  • 1) Çelik, İ., Eratay, E. Determination of Reinforcement and Punishment Practices for Students with Mentally Retarded by teachers in Inclusion Classes and Special Education Class. AİBÜ, Journal of Education Faculty, 2007;7(1):47-63.
  • 2) Millî Eğitim İstatistikleri National Education Statistics, Formal Education. 2016/'17
  • 3) Banks J., & McCoy S. A study of the prevalence of special educational needs: National Council of Special Education Research Reports No.9. London: National Council of Special Education. 2011.
  • 4) European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education 2018. Cited: 10.04.20. 19. Available from: https://www.european-agency.org/resources/publications/european-agency-statistics-inclusive-education-2016-dataset-cross-country.
  • 5) ABD, National Center for Education Statistics, 2016. Cited: 10.04.2019. Available from: https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator_cgg.asp.
  • 6) National Institute of Special Needs Education. Statistics and indicators in Asia-Pacific countries. Summaries on education for children with disabilities in Asia-Pacific countries. Japan: International Comparison.2007.
  • 7) People for Education, 2018 Annual report on schools: The new basics for public education. Cited: 10.04.2019. Available from: https://peopleforeducation.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/AnnualReport18_Web.pdf. 8) Juonala M, Magnussen CG, Berenson GS, et al. Childhood adiposity, adult adiposity, and cardiovascular risk factors. N Engl J Med 2011;(365):1876–85.
  • 9) Storrie, K., Ahern, K., & Tuckett, A. A systematic review: students with mental health problems—a growing problem. International journal of nursing practice. 2010;16(1):1-6.
  • 10) Janicki, M. P., Davidson, P. W., Henderson, C. M., McCallion, P., Taets, J. D., Force, L. T., ... & Ladrigan, P. M. Health characteristics and health services utilization in older adults with intellectual disability living in community residences. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2002;46(4):287-298.
  • 11) Forsgren L., Edvinsson S.O., Blomquist H.K., Heijbel J., & Sidenvall R. Epilepsy in a population of mentally retarded children and adults. Epilepsy Research.1990; 6, 234-248.
  • 12) Steffenburg U., Hagberg G., Viggedal G., & Kyllerman M. Active epilepsy in mentally retarded children. I. Prevalence and additional neuro-impairments. Acta Paediatrica. 1995;84:1147-1152.
  • 13) Airaksinen E.M., Matilainen R., Mononen T., Mustonen K., Partanen J., Jokela V., & Halonen P. A population-based study on epilepsy in mentally retarded children. Epilepsia. 2002;41:1214-1220.
  • 14) Mervis C.A., Boyle C.A., & Yeargin-Allsopp M. Prevalence and selected characteristics of childhood vision impairment. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2002;44:538-541.
  • 15) Maïano, C., Aimé, A., Salvas, M. C., Morin, A. J., & Normand, C. L. Prevalence and correlates of bullying perpetration and victimization among school-aged youth with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Research in developmental disabilities. 2016;49:181-195.
  • 16) Admiraal R.J. & Huygen P.L. Causes of hearing impairment in deaf pupils with a mental handicap. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 1999;51:101-108.
  • 17) Evenhuis H.M. Prevalence of visual and hearing impairment in a Dutch institutionalized population with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. 2001;45:457-464.
  • 18) Emerson E. Mothers of children and adolescents with intellectual disability:social and economic situation, mental health status, and the self-assessed social and psychological impact of the child's difficulties. Journal of Intellectual DisabilityResearch. 2003;47:385-399.
  • 19) Bandini, L.G., Anderson, S.E., Curtin, C., Cermak, S., Evans, E.W., Scampini, R., et. al. Food Selectivity İn Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders And Typically Developing Children. J. Pediatr. 2010;157(2):259–264.
  • 20) Kabasakal, E., Özcebe, H., & Arslan, U. Are the health needs of children with disabilities being met at primary schools?. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. 2019;1-11 21) UNICEF. Okul Dışındaki Çocuklar Küresel Girişimi, Türkiye Ülke Raporu.2012.
  • 22) Nurmi M.A. & Stieber-Roger K. Parenting children living with type 1 diabetes: a qualitative study. The Diabetes Educator.2012;38:530–536.
  • 23) Roberts J. & Whiting C. Caregivers of school children with epilepsy: findings of a phenomenological study. British Journal of Special Education.2011;38:169–177.
  • 24) Nabors L.A., Little S.G., Akin-Little A. & Iobst E.A. Teacher knowledge of and confidence in meeting the needs of children with chronic medical conditions: pediatric psychology’s contribution to education. Psychology in the Schools.2008;45:217–226
  • 25) Nayır, F., Kepenkçi Y. Kaynaştırma Öğrencilerinin Haklarına İlişkin Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Görüşleri” Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, Uluslararası e dergi. 2013;3(2).
  • 26) Sucuoğlu B. Türkiye'de Kaynaştırma Uygulamaları: Yayınlar/Araştırmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi. 2009;5(02).
  • 27) Bilen, E. Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Kaynaştırma Uygulamalarında Karşılaştıkları Sorunlarla İlgili Görüşleri ve Çözüm Önerileri, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.2007.
  • 28) Sadioğlu, Ö., Batu, E.S.ve Bilgin, A. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin kaynaştırılmasına ilişkin görüşleri, Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi.2012; 25(2):399- 432.
  • 29) Vural, M. ve Yıkmış, A. Kaynaştırma sınıfı öğretmenlerinin öğretimin uyarlanmasına ilişkin yaptıkları çalışmaların belirlenmesi. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2008; 8(2):141-159.
  • 30) Kabasakal E, Emiroğlu ON. Okul Sağlığı Hemşireliğinde Öğrenci ve Aile Odaklı Bakım. Turkiye Klinikleri J Public Health Nurs-Special Topics 2017.
  • 31) National Association of School Nurses. Definition of School Nursing. Silver Spring, MD: National Association of School Nurses. 1999.
  • 32) National Association of School Nurses. School nurse workload: Staffing for safe care. NASN School Nurse, 2015;30:290–293.
  • 33) Grafen, M., & Mackenzie, F. C. (2015). Development and early application of the Scottish Community Nursing Workload Measurement Tool. British Journal of Community Nursing, 2015;20:89–92.
  • 34) Taras, H. L. (2014). School nursing—Beyond medications and procedures. JAMA Pediatrics, 168, 604–605.
  • 35) Combe, L. G., Bachman, M., Dolatowski, R., Endsley, P. E., Hassey, K., Minchella, L., & Zeno, E. School nurse workload: Students are more than just numbers. NASN School Nurse, 2015;30:283–288.
  • 36) Alghamdi, M. G. Nursing workload: A concept analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 2016;24:449–457.
  • 37) Vessey, J. A., & McGowan, K. A. A successful public health experiment: School nursing. Pediatric Nursing, 2006;32:255–263.
  • 38) Neill, D. (2011). Nursing workload and the changing health care environment: A review of the literature. Administrative Issues Journal: Education, Practice and Research. Cited: 12.04.2019. Available from: http://www.swosu.edu/academics/aij/2011/v1i2-docs/neill.pdf.
  • 39) Lee Regina Lai Tong; YIP, Ka Huen. The role of school nurses in delivering health services for children with special needs: A literature review. Hong Kong nursing journal, 2014.
  • 40) American Academy of Pediatrics. The role of the school nurse in providing school health services. Pediatrics,2001;108(5):1231-1232.
  • 41) Royal College of Nursing. Pillars of the community: the RCN’s UK position on the development of the registered nursing workforce in the community.London: Royal College of Nursing.2010
  • 42) Royal College of Nursing. The RCN’s UK position on school nursing. London: Royal College of Nursing.2012
  • 43) National Institute of Special Needs Education. Statistics and indicators in Asia-Pacific countries 2007: Summaries on education for children with disabilities in Asia-Pacific countries.Japan: International Comparison.2007.
  • 44) Chen L.E. School Health Nursing. In Chapter 3 Section VIII, Department of Health, R.O.C. Taiwan, Nursing Care in Taiwan,2008
  • 45) Liu S.C., & Chen H.Y. Rethinking school nursing in Taiwan: the view of professionalization. Journal of School Health Nursing, 2011;22:25-26.
  • 46) Lee R.L.T., Loke A.Y., Wu C., Ho A.P.Y., Cheng C.H., Chow C.B.,.. Lai A. A school-based nurse-led healthprogramme: an interdisciplinary approach. 2007:21-24
  • 47) Sağlık Bakanlığı, (2017) “Okulda Sağlığın Korunması ve Geliştirilmesi Programı Uygulama Kılavuzu” Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Cited: 14.04.2019. Available from: http://dosyahsm.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/11417,okulda-sagligin-korunmasi-ve-gelistirilmesi-programi-uygulama-kilavuzupdf.pdf?
  • 48) Ankara İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü, 2019. Cited: 14.04.2019. Available from: https://ankara.meb.gov.tr/www/yildirim-beyazit-universitesi-ile-ankara-milli-egitim-mudurlugu-arasinda-okul-sagligi-hemsireligi-uygulamasi-isbirligi-protokolu-imzalandi/icerik/1302.

Her Okula Bir Hemşire: Kaynaştırma Öğrencileri ve Sağlık Gereksinimleri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 191 - 195, 30.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.577310

Öz

Özel
gereksinim, süreğen hastalık, işitme-görme engeli gibi farklı yetersizlikleri
olan kaynaştırma öğrencilerinin sağlık problemleri nedeniyle okula düzenli
devam etme ve okulda öğrenme süreçlerine etkin katılmada güçlük yaşadıkları
bilinmektedir. Okul sağlığı hemşireleri, kaynaştırma öğrencilerinin okul
yaşantısında sağlık gereksinimlerinin karşılanması, izlenmesi, öğrenci ve
ailesinin bütüncül olarak değerlendirilmesi ve iş birliği yapılması bakımından
önemli bir fırsat sunmaktadır. Bu makalede kaynaştırma öğrencilerinin sağlık
gereksinimleri ve okul sağlığı hemşiresinin rolü üzerinde durulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • 1) Çelik, İ., Eratay, E. Determination of Reinforcement and Punishment Practices for Students with Mentally Retarded by teachers in Inclusion Classes and Special Education Class. AİBÜ, Journal of Education Faculty, 2007;7(1):47-63.
  • 2) Millî Eğitim İstatistikleri National Education Statistics, Formal Education. 2016/'17
  • 3) Banks J., & McCoy S. A study of the prevalence of special educational needs: National Council of Special Education Research Reports No.9. London: National Council of Special Education. 2011.
  • 4) European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education 2018. Cited: 10.04.20. 19. Available from: https://www.european-agency.org/resources/publications/european-agency-statistics-inclusive-education-2016-dataset-cross-country.
  • 5) ABD, National Center for Education Statistics, 2016. Cited: 10.04.2019. Available from: https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator_cgg.asp.
  • 6) National Institute of Special Needs Education. Statistics and indicators in Asia-Pacific countries. Summaries on education for children with disabilities in Asia-Pacific countries. Japan: International Comparison.2007.
  • 7) People for Education, 2018 Annual report on schools: The new basics for public education. Cited: 10.04.2019. Available from: https://peopleforeducation.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/AnnualReport18_Web.pdf. 8) Juonala M, Magnussen CG, Berenson GS, et al. Childhood adiposity, adult adiposity, and cardiovascular risk factors. N Engl J Med 2011;(365):1876–85.
  • 9) Storrie, K., Ahern, K., & Tuckett, A. A systematic review: students with mental health problems—a growing problem. International journal of nursing practice. 2010;16(1):1-6.
  • 10) Janicki, M. P., Davidson, P. W., Henderson, C. M., McCallion, P., Taets, J. D., Force, L. T., ... & Ladrigan, P. M. Health characteristics and health services utilization in older adults with intellectual disability living in community residences. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2002;46(4):287-298.
  • 11) Forsgren L., Edvinsson S.O., Blomquist H.K., Heijbel J., & Sidenvall R. Epilepsy in a population of mentally retarded children and adults. Epilepsy Research.1990; 6, 234-248.
  • 12) Steffenburg U., Hagberg G., Viggedal G., & Kyllerman M. Active epilepsy in mentally retarded children. I. Prevalence and additional neuro-impairments. Acta Paediatrica. 1995;84:1147-1152.
  • 13) Airaksinen E.M., Matilainen R., Mononen T., Mustonen K., Partanen J., Jokela V., & Halonen P. A population-based study on epilepsy in mentally retarded children. Epilepsia. 2002;41:1214-1220.
  • 14) Mervis C.A., Boyle C.A., & Yeargin-Allsopp M. Prevalence and selected characteristics of childhood vision impairment. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2002;44:538-541.
  • 15) Maïano, C., Aimé, A., Salvas, M. C., Morin, A. J., & Normand, C. L. Prevalence and correlates of bullying perpetration and victimization among school-aged youth with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Research in developmental disabilities. 2016;49:181-195.
  • 16) Admiraal R.J. & Huygen P.L. Causes of hearing impairment in deaf pupils with a mental handicap. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 1999;51:101-108.
  • 17) Evenhuis H.M. Prevalence of visual and hearing impairment in a Dutch institutionalized population with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. 2001;45:457-464.
  • 18) Emerson E. Mothers of children and adolescents with intellectual disability:social and economic situation, mental health status, and the self-assessed social and psychological impact of the child's difficulties. Journal of Intellectual DisabilityResearch. 2003;47:385-399.
  • 19) Bandini, L.G., Anderson, S.E., Curtin, C., Cermak, S., Evans, E.W., Scampini, R., et. al. Food Selectivity İn Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders And Typically Developing Children. J. Pediatr. 2010;157(2):259–264.
  • 20) Kabasakal, E., Özcebe, H., & Arslan, U. Are the health needs of children with disabilities being met at primary schools?. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. 2019;1-11 21) UNICEF. Okul Dışındaki Çocuklar Küresel Girişimi, Türkiye Ülke Raporu.2012.
  • 22) Nurmi M.A. & Stieber-Roger K. Parenting children living with type 1 diabetes: a qualitative study. The Diabetes Educator.2012;38:530–536.
  • 23) Roberts J. & Whiting C. Caregivers of school children with epilepsy: findings of a phenomenological study. British Journal of Special Education.2011;38:169–177.
  • 24) Nabors L.A., Little S.G., Akin-Little A. & Iobst E.A. Teacher knowledge of and confidence in meeting the needs of children with chronic medical conditions: pediatric psychology’s contribution to education. Psychology in the Schools.2008;45:217–226
  • 25) Nayır, F., Kepenkçi Y. Kaynaştırma Öğrencilerinin Haklarına İlişkin Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Görüşleri” Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, Uluslararası e dergi. 2013;3(2).
  • 26) Sucuoğlu B. Türkiye'de Kaynaştırma Uygulamaları: Yayınlar/Araştırmalar. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi. 2009;5(02).
  • 27) Bilen, E. Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Kaynaştırma Uygulamalarında Karşılaştıkları Sorunlarla İlgili Görüşleri ve Çözüm Önerileri, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.2007.
  • 28) Sadioğlu, Ö., Batu, E.S.ve Bilgin, A. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin özel gereksinimli öğrencilerin kaynaştırılmasına ilişkin görüşleri, Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi.2012; 25(2):399- 432.
  • 29) Vural, M. ve Yıkmış, A. Kaynaştırma sınıfı öğretmenlerinin öğretimin uyarlanmasına ilişkin yaptıkları çalışmaların belirlenmesi. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2008; 8(2):141-159.
  • 30) Kabasakal E, Emiroğlu ON. Okul Sağlığı Hemşireliğinde Öğrenci ve Aile Odaklı Bakım. Turkiye Klinikleri J Public Health Nurs-Special Topics 2017.
  • 31) National Association of School Nurses. Definition of School Nursing. Silver Spring, MD: National Association of School Nurses. 1999.
  • 32) National Association of School Nurses. School nurse workload: Staffing for safe care. NASN School Nurse, 2015;30:290–293.
  • 33) Grafen, M., & Mackenzie, F. C. (2015). Development and early application of the Scottish Community Nursing Workload Measurement Tool. British Journal of Community Nursing, 2015;20:89–92.
  • 34) Taras, H. L. (2014). School nursing—Beyond medications and procedures. JAMA Pediatrics, 168, 604–605.
  • 35) Combe, L. G., Bachman, M., Dolatowski, R., Endsley, P. E., Hassey, K., Minchella, L., & Zeno, E. School nurse workload: Students are more than just numbers. NASN School Nurse, 2015;30:283–288.
  • 36) Alghamdi, M. G. Nursing workload: A concept analysis. Journal of Nursing Management, 2016;24:449–457.
  • 37) Vessey, J. A., & McGowan, K. A. A successful public health experiment: School nursing. Pediatric Nursing, 2006;32:255–263.
  • 38) Neill, D. (2011). Nursing workload and the changing health care environment: A review of the literature. Administrative Issues Journal: Education, Practice and Research. Cited: 12.04.2019. Available from: http://www.swosu.edu/academics/aij/2011/v1i2-docs/neill.pdf.
  • 39) Lee Regina Lai Tong; YIP, Ka Huen. The role of school nurses in delivering health services for children with special needs: A literature review. Hong Kong nursing journal, 2014.
  • 40) American Academy of Pediatrics. The role of the school nurse in providing school health services. Pediatrics,2001;108(5):1231-1232.
  • 41) Royal College of Nursing. Pillars of the community: the RCN’s UK position on the development of the registered nursing workforce in the community.London: Royal College of Nursing.2010
  • 42) Royal College of Nursing. The RCN’s UK position on school nursing. London: Royal College of Nursing.2012
  • 43) National Institute of Special Needs Education. Statistics and indicators in Asia-Pacific countries 2007: Summaries on education for children with disabilities in Asia-Pacific countries.Japan: International Comparison.2007.
  • 44) Chen L.E. School Health Nursing. In Chapter 3 Section VIII, Department of Health, R.O.C. Taiwan, Nursing Care in Taiwan,2008
  • 45) Liu S.C., & Chen H.Y. Rethinking school nursing in Taiwan: the view of professionalization. Journal of School Health Nursing, 2011;22:25-26.
  • 46) Lee R.L.T., Loke A.Y., Wu C., Ho A.P.Y., Cheng C.H., Chow C.B.,.. Lai A. A school-based nurse-led healthprogramme: an interdisciplinary approach. 2007:21-24
  • 47) Sağlık Bakanlığı, (2017) “Okulda Sağlığın Korunması ve Geliştirilmesi Programı Uygulama Kılavuzu” Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Cited: 14.04.2019. Available from: http://dosyahsm.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/11417,okulda-sagligin-korunmasi-ve-gelistirilmesi-programi-uygulama-kilavuzupdf.pdf?
  • 48) Ankara İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü, 2019. Cited: 14.04.2019. Available from: https://ankara.meb.gov.tr/www/yildirim-beyazit-universitesi-ile-ankara-milli-egitim-mudurlugu-arasinda-okul-sagligi-hemsireligi-uygulamasi-isbirligi-protokolu-imzalandi/icerik/1302.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Esma Kabasakal 0000-0001-9305-4363

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2019
Kabul Tarihi 5 Mayıs 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

AMA Kabasakal E. Her Okula Bir Hemşire: Kaynaştırma Öğrencileri ve Sağlık Gereksinimleri. J Contemp Med. Haziran 2019;9(2):191-195. doi:10.16899/jcm.577310