Öz
Bu çalışmada, otomatik bir toprak örnekleme makinesi geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Makine, toprak numunesi alımı için mekanik, hidrolik ve elektronik sistemlerden oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca sistemde örnek alınan yerin konumunu belirlemek amacıyla GPS modülü bulunmaktadır. Geliştirilen makine traktöre üç nokta askı sistemi ile bağlanmakta 4MPa toprak penetrasyon direncine kadar 30 cm derinlikten toprak örneği alabilmektedir.Makinenin tarla denemelerinde yapılan ölçümlerde bir strokta toprak penetrasyon direncine bağlı olarak 40-162 gr toprak örneği alabildiği saptanmıştır. Araştırmada makine çalışma hızının alınan toprak örneği miktarına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Denemelerde 0.6 m/s, 0.12 m/s, 0,22 m/s çalışma hızlarında alınan toprak örneği miktarları incelenmiştir. Örneklere uygulanan tek yönlü anova testine göre istatistiki açıdan önemli fark saptanmamıştır (P>0.05). Tarla testleri sonucunda; makinenin toprak örnekleme amacıyla kullanılabileceği saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, GPS modülü yardımıyla coğrafi konum belirlenerek örnekleme yapılabilmektedir. Alınan konum verileri yersel değişkenlik haritaları oluşturabilmek için kullanılabilecek yapıdadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hassas tarım toprak örnekleme makinesi GPS toprak penetrasyon direnci
Kaynakça
- Adamchuk, V. I., M. T. Morgan, and D. R. Ess. 1999. An automated sampling system for measuring soil pH. Trans. ASAE 42(4): 885-891.
- Gruver J., M. Wander, 2013. Use of tillage in organic farming systems: The basics. America's Research-based Learning Network, http://www.extension.org/pages/18634/use-of-tillage-in-organic-farming-systems:-the-basics#.U4N21_l_sqy
- Kilic K., E. Ozgoz, F. Akbas, 2004. Assessment of spatial variability in penetration resistance as related to some soil physical properties of two fluvents in Turkey. Soil & Tillage Research 76, 1–11
- Lutticken R.E., 2000. Automation and standardisation of site specific soil sampling.Precision Agriculture, 2: 179 188
- Podder M., M. Akter, A. S. M. Saifullah and S. Roy, 2012. Impacts of Plough Pan on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 289-294
- Soilfactsheet. British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheryies, Order No. 611.100-1 Agdex 533, Revised November, 2003
- Suprem A., N. Mahalik, K. Kim, 2013. A review on application of technology systems, standards and interfaces for agriculture and food sector. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 35: 355–364
- Wendt j. W., 2006. A soil probe pulling device facilitates soil sampling. Soil Science Society of America Journal; 70, 6; ProQuest Agricultural Science Collection pg. 2161
- Yildirim S., S. J. Birrell, J. W. Hummel, 2006. Laboratory evaluation of an electro-pneumatic sampling method for real-time soil sensing. Transactions of the ASABE, Vol. 49(4): 845−850
Öz
In this study, it is aimed to develop an automatic soil sampling machine. The machine consists of mechanics, hydraulics and electronical systems for taking soil sample. In addition, there is a GPS module in the system to determine the location of soil sampling point. The developed machine is attached to the tractor with three-point hitch system and can take samples from the depth of 30 cm till the resistance of 4 MPa. In field tests, it was determined that the machine could take 40-162 gr soil sample in one stroke depending on soil penetration resistance. The effect of the machine operating speed on the amount of soil samples is researched also. In the tests, the amount of soil samples taken at the operating speed of 0.6 m/s, 0.12 m/s, 0.22 m/s was analysed. Statistically, an important difference wasn’t determined according to the one way anova analysis which was carried out on the samples (P>0.05). As a result of field tests, it is determined that the machine can be used for the purpose of soil sampling. Besides, the sampling is practiced with the help of GPS module by localizing geographical. The received geodata is in the form of being used to create a topographic variability maps.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Precision farming soil sampling machine GPS soil penetration resistance
Kaynakça
- Adamchuk, V. I., M. T. Morgan, and D. R. Ess. 1999. An automated sampling system for measuring soil pH. Trans. ASAE 42(4): 885-891.
- Gruver J., M. Wander, 2013. Use of tillage in organic farming systems: The basics. America's Research-based Learning Network, http://www.extension.org/pages/18634/use-of-tillage-in-organic-farming-systems:-the-basics#.U4N21_l_sqy
- Kilic K., E. Ozgoz, F. Akbas, 2004. Assessment of spatial variability in penetration resistance as related to some soil physical properties of two fluvents in Turkey. Soil & Tillage Research 76, 1–11
- Lutticken R.E., 2000. Automation and standardisation of site specific soil sampling.Precision Agriculture, 2: 179 188
- Podder M., M. Akter, A. S. M. Saifullah and S. Roy, 2012. Impacts of Plough Pan on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 289-294
- Soilfactsheet. British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Fisheryies, Order No. 611.100-1 Agdex 533, Revised November, 2003
- Suprem A., N. Mahalik, K. Kim, 2013. A review on application of technology systems, standards and interfaces for agriculture and food sector. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 35: 355–364
- Wendt j. W., 2006. A soil probe pulling device facilitates soil sampling. Soil Science Society of America Journal; 70, 6; ProQuest Agricultural Science Collection pg. 2161
- Yildirim S., S. J. Birrell, J. W. Hummel, 2006. Laboratory evaluation of an electro-pneumatic sampling method for real-time soil sensing. Transactions of the ASABE, Vol. 49(4): 845−850
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 19 Eylül 2016 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 9 Kasım 2015 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3 |