COMPARING SCHOLARSHIP: THE ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTEMPORARY WORKS THAT LINKS ALEVIS WITH EITHER SHI`ISM OR SUNNISM

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 9, 315 - 338, 30.12.2018

Reyhan Erdoğdu Başaran

Öz

The Alevis, as major minority religious group in Turkey, has attracted the attention of the scholars, particularly by the second half of the twentieth century. Although the number of academic studies on Alevism have dramatically increased, the question of whether Alevism is a branch of Shi`ism has not been thoroughly explored. The majority of recent works have automatically classified Alevism as Shi`ite due to the shared religious doctrines by the two groups. They did not, however, interrogate those Shi`ite currents as to how they are applied and perceived in Shi`ism and Alevism. By using a comparative study of religion methodology, this paper will address to the notions of “heterodoxy”, “orthodoxy”, “metadoxy” in terms of how they have become central discourses in the Alevi based literature, and then the latest critics on these matters will be explored. Given that this article while presenting the diversity of views on Alevism, aims to question Alevism’s so-called links to Shi`ism. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

History of Islamic Sects, Alevism, Shi`ite, Sectarianism, Heterodoxy, Orthodoxy

ALEVİLİĞİ ŞİİLİK VEYA SÜNNİLİK İLE BAĞDAŞTIRAN MODERN AKADEMİK ESERLERİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZİ

Öz

Türkiye’de temel dini azınlık grubu teşkil eden Aleviler özellikle yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısı itibariyle araştırmacıların ilgisini kendilerine çekmişlerdir. Alevilikle ilgili akademik çalışmaların sayısı önemli ölçüde artmış olsa da Aleviliğin Şia’nın bir kolu olup olmadığı sorusu henüz layıkıyla tetkik edilmemiştir. Modern dönemde Alevilik hakkında yapılan çalışmaların ekseriyeti Alevilik ve Şia’nın ortak dini motiflerine vurgu yaparak Aleviliği Şia’nın bir alt dalı olarak sınıflandırmaktadır. Ancak yapılan bu çalışmalar söz konusu olan Şii eğilimlerin Alevilikte ve Şiilikte nasıl algılandıkları ve ne şekilde uygulandıkları konusunu tahkik etmemişlerdir. Bu çalışmamızda öncelikle karşılaştırmalı din metodunu kullanarak “Heterodoks”, “Ortodoks” ve “Metadoks” kavramlarını inceleyecek, bu kavramların nasıl ve ne şekilde Alevilik ile ilgili çalışmaların temel odak noktası olduğunu irdeleyeceğiz. Akabinde bu terimlere yöneltilen eleştirilere yer vermekle birlikte bu eleştirilerin mahiyetini tetkik edeceğiz. Araştırmanın ikinci bölümünde ise Alevilik hakkında öne sürülen farklı görüşlere yer verilecektir. Çalışmamızın temel amacı Alevilik hakkında ortaya atılan görüşlerden biri olan Aleviliği Şiilik olarak yorumlayan düşünceyi ele almak ve Aleviliğin Şiilik ile sözde bağlantısını sorgulamaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi, Alevilik, Şia, Mezhepçilik, Heterodoks, Ortodoks

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