The Influence of Parents on Socialization Processes Related to Prosocial Development in Children and Adolescents

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 643 - 658, 15.03.2017

Turhan Şengönül

Öz

This article addresses the relations between parental socialization practices
and prosocial behaviors in children and adolescents. Theorists and researchers have
suggested that parental support, affection, warmth or responsiveness influences
positively socialization processes. Children may attend to and care more about the
parental socialization messages in a supportive, warm, responsive and democratic
family environment. Parents who exhibit democratic attitudes and behaviors exert
control in order to attain expected and desired behaviors for their children. They can
induce empathy, perspective-taking and sympathy in their children by pointing out the beneficial or harmful consequences of their actions through inductive reasoning
and explanations. Children and adolescents can use prosocial moral reasoning and
display prosocial behaviors when they see perspectives of others and experience
empathy, guilt and sympathy more vicariously.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Parental warmth/responsiveness, inductive reasoning or explanations, empathy, sympathy, prosocial behavior

Annelerin-Babaların Çocuklarda ve Ergenlerde Sosyal Yanlı Gelişme İle İlişkili Sosyalleştirme Süreçlerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu makale, anneye-babaya ait sosyalleştirme uygulamaları ile çocuklarda ve
ergenlerde sosyal yanlı davranışlar arasındaki ilişkileri ele almaktadır. Teorisyenler
ve araştırmacılar anne-baba desteğinin, sevgisinin, sıcaklığının ya da duyarlılığının
sosyalleşme süreçlerini olumlu olarak etkilediğini ileri sürmektedir. Çocuklar,
destekleyici, sıcak, duyarlı ve demokratik bir aile çevresinde anneye-babaya ait
sosyalleştirme mesajlarına dikkat edebilmekte ve bu mesajları önemseyebilmektedir.
Demokratik tutum ve davranışlar gösteren anneler-babalar, beklenen ve istenen
davranışları kazandırmak için çocukları kontrol etmekte, tümevarımsal akıl yürütme
ve açıklamalar yoluyla onların eylemlerinin yararlı ve zararlı sonuçlarına işaret
ederek çocuklarda empatiyi, perspektif almayı ve sempatiyi teşvik etmektedir.
Çocuklar ve ergenler, diğerinin perspektifini gördüğünde ve daha çok başkası için
empatiyi, suçluluğu ve sempatiyi yaşadığında sosyal yanlı ahlaki akıl yürütmeyi
kullanabilmekte ve sosyal yanlı davranışlar gösterebilmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anne-baba sıcaklığı/duyarlılığı, tümevarımsal akıl yürütme ya da açıklamalar, empati, perspektif alma, sempati, sosyal yanlı davranış

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