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A New Marker for Ischemia: Ischemia-modified Albumin

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 148 - 152, 01.08.2017

Öz

Ischemia-modified
albumin constitutes via a modifcation in albumin where reactive oxygen species
are formed due to ischemia. Albumin is measured using the cobalt binding test,
and this test is used for the determination of albumin prior to the development
of permanent cardiac injuries. In this review, we investigated the
pathophysiology, analysis and clinical utility of ischemia-modified albumin.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Chawla R, Goyal N, Calton R, Goyal S. Ischemia modified albumin: A novel marker for acute coronary syndrome. Indian J Clin Biochem 2006;21:77-82.
  • 2. Gaze DC. Ischemia modified albumin: a novel biomarker for the detection of cardiac ischemia. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2009;24:333-41.
  • 3. Lee E, Eom JE, Jeon KH, Kim TH, Kim E, Jhon GJ, et al. Evaluation of albumin structural modifications through cobalt-albumin binding (CAB) assay. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014;91:17-23.
  • 4. Sbarouni E, Georgiadou P, Voudris V. Ischemia modified albumin changes - review and clinical implications. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011;49:177-84.
  • 5. Worster A, Devereaux PJ, Heels-Ansdell D, Guyatt GH, Opie J, Mookadam F, et al. Capability of ischemia-modified albumin to predict serious cardiac outcomes in the short term among patients with potential acute coronary syndrome. CMAJ 2005;172:1685-90.
  • 6. Erdem SS, Yerlikaya FH, Çiçekler H, Gül M. Association between ischemia-modified albumin, homocysteine, vitamin B(12) and folic acid in patients with severe sepsis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2012;50:1417-21.
  • 7. Zurawska-Płaksej E, Grzebyk E, Marciniak D, Szymańska-Chabowska A, Piwowar A. Oxidatively modified forms of albumin in patients with risk factors of metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2014;37:819-27.
  • 8. Piwowar A, Knapik-Kordecka M, Warwas M. Ischemia-modified albumin level in type 2 diabetes mellitus-Preliminary report. Dis Markers 2008;24:311-7.
  • 9. Eom JE, Lee E, Jeon KH, Sim J, Suh M, Jhon GJ, et al. Development of an albumin copper binding (ACuB) assay to detect ischemia modified albumin. Anal Sci 2014; 30:985-90.
  • 10. Ellidag HY, Bulbuller N, Eren E, Abusoglu S, Akgol E, Cetiner M, et al. Ischemia-modified albumin: could it be a new oxidative stress biomarker for colorectal carcinoma? Gut Liver 2013;7:675-80.
  • 11. Sbarouni E, Georgiadou P, Kremastinos DT, Voudris V. Ischemia modified albumin: is this marker of ischemia ready for prime time use? Hellenic J Cardiol 2008;49:260-6.
  • 12. Ertekin B, Kocak S, Defne Dundar Z, Girisgin S, Cander B, Gul M, et al. Diagnostic value of ischemia-modified albumin in acute coronary syndrome and acute ischemic stroke. Pak J Med Sci 2013;29:1003-7.
  • 13. Anwaruddin S, Januzzi JL Jr, Baggish AL, Lewandrowski EL, Lewandrowski KB. Ischemia-modified albumin improves the usefulness of standard cardiac biomarkers for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in the emergency department setting. Am J Clin Pathol 2005;123:140-5.
  • 14. Christenson RH, Duh SH, Sanhai WR, Wu AH, Holtman V, Painter P, et al. Characteristics of an Albumin Cobalt Binding Test for assessment of acute coronary syndromepatients: a multicenter study. Clin. Chem 2001;47:464-70.
  • 15. Bhagavan NV, M Lai E, Rios PA, Yang J, Ortega-Lopez, Shinoda H, et al. Evaluation of human serum albumin cobalt binding assay for the assessment of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. Clin Chem 2003;49:581-5.
  • 16. Sinha MK, Roy D, Gaze DC, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Role of ischemia modified albumin a new biochemical marker of myocardial ischemia, in the early diagnosis of acute coronarysyndromes. Emerg Med J 2004;21:29-34.
  • 17. Roy D, Quiles J, Aldama G, Sinha M, Avanzas P, Arroyo-Espliguero R, et al. Ischemia Modified Albumin for the assessment of patients presenting to the emergency department with acute chest pain but normal or non-diagnostic 12-lead electrocardiograms and negative cardiac troponin T. Int J Cardiol 2004;97:297-301.
  • 18. Consuegra-Sanchez L, Bouzas-Mosquera A, Sinha MK, Collinson PO, Gaze DC, Kaski JC. Ischemia-modified albumin predicts short-term outcome and 1-year mortality in patients attending the emergency department for acute ischemic chest pain. Heart Vessels 2008;23:174-80.
  • 19. Liyan C, Jie Z, Xiaozhou H. Prognostic value of combination of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and ischemia-modified albumin in patients with acute coronary syndromes and normal troponin T values. J Clin Lab Anal 2009;23:14-8.
  • 20. Liyan C, Jie Z, Yonghua W, Xiaozhou H. Assay of ischemia-modified albumin and C-reactive protein for early diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes. J Clin Lab Anal 2008;22:45-9.
  • 21. Ozdem S, Cete Y, Donmez L, Basarici I, Baktir A, Akbas H, et al. Serum levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in healthy adults and patients with acute coronary syndrome. Tr J Emerg Med 2005;5:169-74.
  • 22. Kazanis K, Dalamaga M, Nounopoulos C, Manolis AS, Sakellaris N, Jullien G, et al. Ischemia modified albumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and natriuretic peptide in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2009;408: 65-9.
  • 23. Maneewong K, Mekrungruangwong T, Luangaram S, Thongsri T, Kumphune S. Combinatorial determination of ischemia modified albumin and protein carbonyl in the diagnosis of nonST-elevation myocardial infarction. Indian J Clin Biochem 2011;26:389-95.
  • 24. Wudkowska A, Goch J, Goch A. Ischemia-modified albumin in differential diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation and unstable angina pectoris. Kardiol Pol 2010;68:431-7.
  • 25. Wu AH, Morris DL, Fletcher DR, Apple FS, Christenson RH Painter PC. Analysis of the Albumin Cobalt Binding (ACB) test as an adjunct to cardiac troponin I for the early detection of acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2001;1:147-51.
  • 26. Collinson PO, Gaze DC, Bainbridge K, Morris F, Morris B, Price A, et al. Utility of admission cardiac troponin and ”Ischemia Modified Albumin’’ measurements for rapid evaluation and rule out of suspected acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department. Emerg Med J 2006;23:256-61.
  • 27. Mastella AK, Moresco RN, da Silva DB, Becker AM, Duarte MM, Giovelli LL, et al. Evaluation of ischemia-modified albumin in myocardial infarction and prostatic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2009;63:762-6.
  • 28. Sinha MK, Vazquez JM, Calvino R, Gaze DC, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Effects of balloon occlusion during percutaneous coronary intervention on circulating Ischemia modified albumin and transmyocardial lactate extraction. Heart 2006;92:1852-3.
  • 29. Bar-Or D, Winkler JV, Vanbenthuysen K, Harris L, Lau E, Hetzel FW. Reduced albumin-cobalt binding with transient myocardial ischemia after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: a preliminary comparison to creatine kinase-MB, myoglobin, and troponin I. Am Heart J 2001;141:985-91.
  • 30. Quiles J, Roy D, Gaze D, Garrido IP, Avanzas P, Sinha M, et al. Relation of ischemia-modified albümin (IMA) levels following elective angioplasty for stable angina pectoris to duration of balloon-induced myocardial ischemia. Am J Cardiol 2003;92:322-4.
  • 31. Garrido IP, Roy D, Calvino R, Vazquez-Rodriguez JM, Aldama G, Cosin-Sales J, et al. Comparison of ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for unstable angina pectoris with versus without coronary collaterals. Am J Cardiol 2004;93:88-90.
  • 32. Sinha MK, Gaze DC, Tippins JR, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Ischemia modified albumin is a sensitive marker of myocardial ischemia after percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation 2003;107:2403-5.
  • 33. Cho DK, Choi JO, Kim SH, Choi J, Rhee I, Ki CS, et al. Ischemia-modified albumin is a highly sensitive serum marker of transient myocardial ischemia induced by coronary vasospasm. Coron Artery Dis 2007;18:83-7.
  • 34. Roy D, Quiles J, Sharma R, Sinha M, Avanzas P, Gaze D, et al. Ischemia modified albumin concentrations in patients with peripheral vascular disease and exercise-induced skeletal muscle ischemia. Clin Chem 2004;50:1656-60.
  • 35. Roy D, Quiles J, Sinha M, Aldama G, Gaze D, Kaski JC. Effect of direct-current cardioversion on ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004;93:366-8.
  • 36. Turedi S, Gunduz A, Mentese A, Topbas M, Karahan SC, Yeniocak S, et al. The value of ischemia-modified albumin compared with d-dimer in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Respir Res 2008;9:49.
  • 37. Seneş M, Kazan N, Coşkun O, Zengi O, Inan L, Yücel D. Oxidative and nitrosative stress in acute ischaemic stroke. Ann Clin Biochem 2007;44:43-7.
  • 38. Borderie D, Allanore Y, Meune C, Devaux JY, Ekindjian OG, Kahan A. High ischemia-modified albumin concentration reflects oxidative stress but not myocardial involvement in systemic sclerosis. Clin Chem 2004;50: 2190-3.
  • 39. Sharma R, Gaze DC, Pellerin D, Mehta RL, Gregson H, Streather CP, et al. Ischemia modified albumin predicts mortality in ESRD. Am J Kidney Dis 2006;47:493-502.
  • 40. Mehmetoğlu I, Kurban S, Yerlikaya FH, Polat H. Obesity is an independent determinant of ischemia-modified albumin. Obes Facts 2012;5:700-9.
  • 41. Duarte MM, Rocha JB, Moresco RN, Duarte T, Da Cruz IB, Loro VL, et al. Association between ischemia-modified albumin, lipids and inflammation biomarkers in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Clin Biochem 2009;42:666-71.
  • 42. Zurawska-Płaksej E, Grzebyk E, Marciniak D, Szymańska-Chabowska A, Piwowar A. Oxidatively modified forms of albumin in patients with risk factors of metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2014;37:819-27.
  • 43. Valle Gottlieb MG, da Cruz IB, Duarte MM, Moresco RN, Wiehe M, Schwanke CH, et al. Associations among metabolic syndrome, ischemia, inflammatory, oxidatives, and lipids biomarkers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:586-91.
  • 44. Gunduz A, Turkmen S, Turedi S, Mentese A, Yulug E, Ulusoy H, et al. Time-dependent variations in ischemia-modified albumin levels in mesenteric ischemia. Acad Emerg Med 2009;16:539-43.
  • 45. Fidan E, Mentese A, Kavgaci H, Orem A, Fidan S, Uzun A, et al. Increased ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients with gastric cancer. Neoplasma 2012;59:393-7.
  • 46. Stachowicz-Stencel T, Synakiewicz A, Owczarzak A, Sliwińska A, Aleksandrowicz-Wrona E, Lysiak-Szydowska W, et al. Ischemia-modified albumin as a biochemical marker in children with neuroblastoma and soft tissue sarcomas. J Clin Lab Anal 2011;25:255-8.
  • 47. Ellidag HY, Eren E, Aydin O, Akgol E, Yalcinkaya S, Sezer C, et al. Ischemia modified albumin levels and oxidative stress in patients with bladder cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013;14:2759-63.

İskemide Yeni Bir Marker: İskemi Modifiye Albumin

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 148 - 152, 01.08.2017

Öz

İskemi
modifiye albumin iskemi sonucu oluşan reaktif oksijen türevlerinin yol açtığı
albuminde modifikasyon ile oluşur. Albumin kobalt bağlama testi kullanılarak
ölçülür. Bu test geçici olmayan kardiyak hasarın başlangıcından önce iskeminin
erken saptanmasında kullanılır. Bu yazıda iskemi modifiye albuminin
patofizyolojisi, analizi ve klinik uygulamalarını inceledik.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Chawla R, Goyal N, Calton R, Goyal S. Ischemia modified albumin: A novel marker for acute coronary syndrome. Indian J Clin Biochem 2006;21:77-82.
  • 2. Gaze DC. Ischemia modified albumin: a novel biomarker for the detection of cardiac ischemia. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2009;24:333-41.
  • 3. Lee E, Eom JE, Jeon KH, Kim TH, Kim E, Jhon GJ, et al. Evaluation of albumin structural modifications through cobalt-albumin binding (CAB) assay. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014;91:17-23.
  • 4. Sbarouni E, Georgiadou P, Voudris V. Ischemia modified albumin changes - review and clinical implications. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011;49:177-84.
  • 5. Worster A, Devereaux PJ, Heels-Ansdell D, Guyatt GH, Opie J, Mookadam F, et al. Capability of ischemia-modified albumin to predict serious cardiac outcomes in the short term among patients with potential acute coronary syndrome. CMAJ 2005;172:1685-90.
  • 6. Erdem SS, Yerlikaya FH, Çiçekler H, Gül M. Association between ischemia-modified albumin, homocysteine, vitamin B(12) and folic acid in patients with severe sepsis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2012;50:1417-21.
  • 7. Zurawska-Płaksej E, Grzebyk E, Marciniak D, Szymańska-Chabowska A, Piwowar A. Oxidatively modified forms of albumin in patients with risk factors of metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2014;37:819-27.
  • 8. Piwowar A, Knapik-Kordecka M, Warwas M. Ischemia-modified albumin level in type 2 diabetes mellitus-Preliminary report. Dis Markers 2008;24:311-7.
  • 9. Eom JE, Lee E, Jeon KH, Sim J, Suh M, Jhon GJ, et al. Development of an albumin copper binding (ACuB) assay to detect ischemia modified albumin. Anal Sci 2014; 30:985-90.
  • 10. Ellidag HY, Bulbuller N, Eren E, Abusoglu S, Akgol E, Cetiner M, et al. Ischemia-modified albumin: could it be a new oxidative stress biomarker for colorectal carcinoma? Gut Liver 2013;7:675-80.
  • 11. Sbarouni E, Georgiadou P, Kremastinos DT, Voudris V. Ischemia modified albumin: is this marker of ischemia ready for prime time use? Hellenic J Cardiol 2008;49:260-6.
  • 12. Ertekin B, Kocak S, Defne Dundar Z, Girisgin S, Cander B, Gul M, et al. Diagnostic value of ischemia-modified albumin in acute coronary syndrome and acute ischemic stroke. Pak J Med Sci 2013;29:1003-7.
  • 13. Anwaruddin S, Januzzi JL Jr, Baggish AL, Lewandrowski EL, Lewandrowski KB. Ischemia-modified albumin improves the usefulness of standard cardiac biomarkers for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia in the emergency department setting. Am J Clin Pathol 2005;123:140-5.
  • 14. Christenson RH, Duh SH, Sanhai WR, Wu AH, Holtman V, Painter P, et al. Characteristics of an Albumin Cobalt Binding Test for assessment of acute coronary syndromepatients: a multicenter study. Clin. Chem 2001;47:464-70.
  • 15. Bhagavan NV, M Lai E, Rios PA, Yang J, Ortega-Lopez, Shinoda H, et al. Evaluation of human serum albumin cobalt binding assay for the assessment of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. Clin Chem 2003;49:581-5.
  • 16. Sinha MK, Roy D, Gaze DC, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Role of ischemia modified albumin a new biochemical marker of myocardial ischemia, in the early diagnosis of acute coronarysyndromes. Emerg Med J 2004;21:29-34.
  • 17. Roy D, Quiles J, Aldama G, Sinha M, Avanzas P, Arroyo-Espliguero R, et al. Ischemia Modified Albumin for the assessment of patients presenting to the emergency department with acute chest pain but normal or non-diagnostic 12-lead electrocardiograms and negative cardiac troponin T. Int J Cardiol 2004;97:297-301.
  • 18. Consuegra-Sanchez L, Bouzas-Mosquera A, Sinha MK, Collinson PO, Gaze DC, Kaski JC. Ischemia-modified albumin predicts short-term outcome and 1-year mortality in patients attending the emergency department for acute ischemic chest pain. Heart Vessels 2008;23:174-80.
  • 19. Liyan C, Jie Z, Xiaozhou H. Prognostic value of combination of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and ischemia-modified albumin in patients with acute coronary syndromes and normal troponin T values. J Clin Lab Anal 2009;23:14-8.
  • 20. Liyan C, Jie Z, Yonghua W, Xiaozhou H. Assay of ischemia-modified albumin and C-reactive protein for early diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes. J Clin Lab Anal 2008;22:45-9.
  • 21. Ozdem S, Cete Y, Donmez L, Basarici I, Baktir A, Akbas H, et al. Serum levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in healthy adults and patients with acute coronary syndrome. Tr J Emerg Med 2005;5:169-74.
  • 22. Kazanis K, Dalamaga M, Nounopoulos C, Manolis AS, Sakellaris N, Jullien G, et al. Ischemia modified albumin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and natriuretic peptide in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2009;408: 65-9.
  • 23. Maneewong K, Mekrungruangwong T, Luangaram S, Thongsri T, Kumphune S. Combinatorial determination of ischemia modified albumin and protein carbonyl in the diagnosis of nonST-elevation myocardial infarction. Indian J Clin Biochem 2011;26:389-95.
  • 24. Wudkowska A, Goch J, Goch A. Ischemia-modified albumin in differential diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation and unstable angina pectoris. Kardiol Pol 2010;68:431-7.
  • 25. Wu AH, Morris DL, Fletcher DR, Apple FS, Christenson RH Painter PC. Analysis of the Albumin Cobalt Binding (ACB) test as an adjunct to cardiac troponin I for the early detection of acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2001;1:147-51.
  • 26. Collinson PO, Gaze DC, Bainbridge K, Morris F, Morris B, Price A, et al. Utility of admission cardiac troponin and ”Ischemia Modified Albumin’’ measurements for rapid evaluation and rule out of suspected acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department. Emerg Med J 2006;23:256-61.
  • 27. Mastella AK, Moresco RN, da Silva DB, Becker AM, Duarte MM, Giovelli LL, et al. Evaluation of ischemia-modified albumin in myocardial infarction and prostatic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2009;63:762-6.
  • 28. Sinha MK, Vazquez JM, Calvino R, Gaze DC, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Effects of balloon occlusion during percutaneous coronary intervention on circulating Ischemia modified albumin and transmyocardial lactate extraction. Heart 2006;92:1852-3.
  • 29. Bar-Or D, Winkler JV, Vanbenthuysen K, Harris L, Lau E, Hetzel FW. Reduced albumin-cobalt binding with transient myocardial ischemia after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: a preliminary comparison to creatine kinase-MB, myoglobin, and troponin I. Am Heart J 2001;141:985-91.
  • 30. Quiles J, Roy D, Gaze D, Garrido IP, Avanzas P, Sinha M, et al. Relation of ischemia-modified albümin (IMA) levels following elective angioplasty for stable angina pectoris to duration of balloon-induced myocardial ischemia. Am J Cardiol 2003;92:322-4.
  • 31. Garrido IP, Roy D, Calvino R, Vazquez-Rodriguez JM, Aldama G, Cosin-Sales J, et al. Comparison of ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for unstable angina pectoris with versus without coronary collaterals. Am J Cardiol 2004;93:88-90.
  • 32. Sinha MK, Gaze DC, Tippins JR, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Ischemia modified albumin is a sensitive marker of myocardial ischemia after percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation 2003;107:2403-5.
  • 33. Cho DK, Choi JO, Kim SH, Choi J, Rhee I, Ki CS, et al. Ischemia-modified albumin is a highly sensitive serum marker of transient myocardial ischemia induced by coronary vasospasm. Coron Artery Dis 2007;18:83-7.
  • 34. Roy D, Quiles J, Sharma R, Sinha M, Avanzas P, Gaze D, et al. Ischemia modified albumin concentrations in patients with peripheral vascular disease and exercise-induced skeletal muscle ischemia. Clin Chem 2004;50:1656-60.
  • 35. Roy D, Quiles J, Sinha M, Aldama G, Gaze D, Kaski JC. Effect of direct-current cardioversion on ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004;93:366-8.
  • 36. Turedi S, Gunduz A, Mentese A, Topbas M, Karahan SC, Yeniocak S, et al. The value of ischemia-modified albumin compared with d-dimer in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Respir Res 2008;9:49.
  • 37. Seneş M, Kazan N, Coşkun O, Zengi O, Inan L, Yücel D. Oxidative and nitrosative stress in acute ischaemic stroke. Ann Clin Biochem 2007;44:43-7.
  • 38. Borderie D, Allanore Y, Meune C, Devaux JY, Ekindjian OG, Kahan A. High ischemia-modified albumin concentration reflects oxidative stress but not myocardial involvement in systemic sclerosis. Clin Chem 2004;50: 2190-3.
  • 39. Sharma R, Gaze DC, Pellerin D, Mehta RL, Gregson H, Streather CP, et al. Ischemia modified albumin predicts mortality in ESRD. Am J Kidney Dis 2006;47:493-502.
  • 40. Mehmetoğlu I, Kurban S, Yerlikaya FH, Polat H. Obesity is an independent determinant of ischemia-modified albumin. Obes Facts 2012;5:700-9.
  • 41. Duarte MM, Rocha JB, Moresco RN, Duarte T, Da Cruz IB, Loro VL, et al. Association between ischemia-modified albumin, lipids and inflammation biomarkers in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Clin Biochem 2009;42:666-71.
  • 42. Zurawska-Płaksej E, Grzebyk E, Marciniak D, Szymańska-Chabowska A, Piwowar A. Oxidatively modified forms of albumin in patients with risk factors of metabolic syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2014;37:819-27.
  • 43. Valle Gottlieb MG, da Cruz IB, Duarte MM, Moresco RN, Wiehe M, Schwanke CH, et al. Associations among metabolic syndrome, ischemia, inflammatory, oxidatives, and lipids biomarkers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:586-91.
  • 44. Gunduz A, Turkmen S, Turedi S, Mentese A, Yulug E, Ulusoy H, et al. Time-dependent variations in ischemia-modified albumin levels in mesenteric ischemia. Acad Emerg Med 2009;16:539-43.
  • 45. Fidan E, Mentese A, Kavgaci H, Orem A, Fidan S, Uzun A, et al. Increased ischemia-modified albumin levels in patients with gastric cancer. Neoplasma 2012;59:393-7.
  • 46. Stachowicz-Stencel T, Synakiewicz A, Owczarzak A, Sliwińska A, Aleksandrowicz-Wrona E, Lysiak-Szydowska W, et al. Ischemia-modified albumin as a biochemical marker in children with neuroblastoma and soft tissue sarcomas. J Clin Lab Anal 2011;25:255-8.
  • 47. Ellidag HY, Eren E, Aydin O, Akgol E, Yalcinkaya S, Sezer C, et al. Ischemia modified albumin levels and oxidative stress in patients with bladder cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013;14:2759-63.
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Ümmügülsüm Can

Şebnem Yosunkaya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Can Ü, Yosunkaya Ş. İskemide Yeni Bir Marker: İskemi Modifiye Albumin. Koşuyolu Heart Journal. 2017;20(2):148-52.