Erkek infertilitesinde spermatozoon DNA hasarının rolü ve önemi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 135 - 140, 30.12.2018

Mesut Çevik

https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.463669

Öz

Erkeğe bağlı infertilite, genetik ve epigenetik nedenlerden kaynaklanan karmaşık etiyoloji, döl veriminin normal sınırlar altında bulunmasına sebep olan bir hastalıktır. İnfertilite ile spermatozoonun genetik yapısı arasında kuvvetli bir birliktelik bulunmaktadır. Çeşitli iç ve dış kaynaklı sebeplerden dolayı spermatozoonun Deoksiribo nükleik asit (DNA) yapısında farklı düzeylerde hasarlar meydana gelmektedir. İnfertil erkeklerde spermatozoon DNA hasarı yüksek olarak saptanmaktadır. Çeşitli DNA hasar tamir mekanizmaları DNA’da meydana gelen hasarın tipine uygun olarak devreye girmekte ve hasar tamirinin gerçekleştirilmesi sonucu genomik kararlılık korunmakta ve hücre yaşamını sürdürebilmektedir. Hasar nedenlerinin çoğalması, onarım mekanizmalarındaki aksaklıklar gibi nedenlerle hücre ölümü, fertilizasyon kapasitesinde azalma, spermatozoon genom bütünlüğünde bozulma, infertilite ve mutasyonlar
meydana gelebilmektedir. Spermatozoon DNA’sında şekillenen bu hasarların tespiti amacıyla tek hücre jel elektroforezi, tunel, spermatozoon kromatin yapısı analizi gibi birçok metot kullanılmaktadır. Mevcut veriler ışığında, daha iyi kalitede spermatozoonlara sahip olan hayvanların seçiminde, reprodüktif biyoteknolojiler ve yardımcı üreme tekniklerinde spermatozoon seçimi önemli olsa da, erkek infertilitesi tanı ve tedavisinde spermatozoon DNA hasarı olup olmadığının değerlendirilmesi ayrı bir önem arz etmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

DNA hasarı, infertilite, spermatozoon

The role and importance of spermatozoon dna damage in male infertility

Öz

Infertility is a disease with complex etiology resulting from genetic and epigenetic causes, which causes the fertility to be under normal limits in males. There is a strong association between the infertility and the genetic structure of the spermatozoon. Due to various internal and external causes, different levels of damage can be occur in to the spermatozoon (Deoksiribo nucleic acid) DNA structure. Infertile men have high spermatozoon DNA damage.. Various DNA damage repair mechanisms are join in accordance with the type of damage that occurs in DNA and the completion of damage repair preserves the resulting genomic stability and can lead to cell survival. The causes of cell death, reduction in fertilization capacity, deterioration in the integrity of the spermatozoon genome, infertility and mutations can occur due to the proliferation of damage causes and deficiencies in repair mechanisms. Many methods such as the single cell gel electrophoresis, tunel, spermatozoon chromatin structure assay are used to measure spermatozoon DNA damage. In the light of existing data, although selecting quality of spermatozoa are important in reproductive biotechnology and assisted reproductive techniques, evaluating spermatozoon DNA damage is special importance in diagnosis and treatment of male infertility

Anahtar Kelimeler

DNA Hasarı, infertilite, spermatozoon

Kaynakça

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