THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TYPE A PERSONALITY, COPING AND STRESS: A COMPARATIVE RESEARCH BETWEEN THE TURKISH AND BOSNIAN STUDENTS

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 8, 135 - 147, 18.07.2013

Metin Ocak Murat Güler

Öz

In this study, effects of Type A personality and coping on the perceived stress were investigated comparatively on Turkish and Bosnian samples. It was considered that, comparatively investigation of stress and related variables, which are often examined in the Western literature, on Turkish and Bosnian participants, could contribute to the literature. For this purpose, the data collected through survey method from Bosnian participants who are currently studying in universities in Bosnia (N = 228), and Turkish participants who are currently studying in universities in Turkey (N = 267) were investigated with t-test, correlation and regression analyzes. As a result of analyzes it is concluded that, the effects of the main variables of the study on experienced stress symptoms of Bosnian and Turkish students are in the same direction and of similar size, also there are no significant cultural differences in explaining these relationships. The observed differences between effects of demographic variables on stress symptoms were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Type A Personality, Coping, Stress, Culture, Turkish, Bosnian

A TİPİ KİŞİLİK VE BAŞA ÇIKMA YÖNTEMLERİNİN STRESLE İLİŞKİSİ: TÜRK VE BOSNALI ÖĞRENCİLER ARASINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Öz

 

Bu araştırmada, A Tipi kişilik özelliğinin ve bireyler tarafından kullanılan stresle başa çıkma yöntemlerinin algılanan stres belirtileri üzerinde etkileri, Türk ve Bosnalı katılımcılar üzerinde karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir Uluslararası yazında sıklıkla incelendiği görülen stres ve ilişkili kavramların, karşılaştırmalı olarak Türk ve Bosnalı katılımcılarda araştırılmasının, alan yazınına katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmüştür. Bu amaçla, Bosna’da üniversite öğrenimi görmekte olan Bosnalı katılımcılar (N=228) ve Türkiye’de üniversite öğrenimi görmekte olan Türk katılımcılardan (N=267) anket yöntemi ile toplanan veriler, t-testi, korelâsyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılarak incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda Bosnalı ve Türk öğrencilerin yaşadıkları stres belirtileri üzerinde, araştırmanın ana değişkenlerinin aynı yönde ve benzer büyüklükte etkilerinin olduğu, bu ilişkilerin açıklanmasında anlamlı bir kültürel farklılığın bulunmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca, demografik değişkenlerin stres belirtileri üzerindeki etkilerinde gözlenen farklılıklar tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

A Tipi Kişilik, Başa Çıkma, Stres, Kültür, Türk, Bosnalı

Kaynakça

• Aldwin, Carolyn M. (2004), “Culture, Coping, and Resilience to Stress”, (Ed) K. Ura ve K. Galay, Gross National Happiness and Development - Proceedings of the First International Conference on Operationalization of Gross National Happiness, Centre for Bhutan Studies, Thimphu, (563-573).
• Aldwin, Carolyn M. (2007), Stress, Coping, and Development: An Integrative Perspective (2. Baskı), The Guildford Press, New York. 3.
• Andrews, Michelle-Ainley, Mary-Frydenberg Erica (2011), “Adolescent Coping Styles and Task-Specific Responses: Does Style Foreshadow Action?”, (Ed) Gretchen M. Reevy ve Erica Frydenberg, Personality, Stress, and Coping: Implications for Education, Information Age Publishing, North Carolina, (3-24).
• Basut, Ebru (2006), “Stres, Başa Çıkma ve Ergenlik”, Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, Cilt.13, Sayı.1, (31-36).
• Batıgün, Ayşegül D.-Şahin, Nesrin. H. (2006), “İş Stresi ve Sağlık Psikolojisi Araştırmaları İçin İki Ölçek: A-Tipi Kişilik ve İş Doyumu”, Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, Cilt.17, Sayı.1, (32-45).
• Brenner, Sten Olof-Riva Bartell(1984), The Teacher Stress Process: A Cross-Cultural Analysis. Journal of Occupational Behavior, Cilt.5, Sayı.3, (183-195).
• Brislin, Richard. W.-Lonner, Walter Joseph-Thorndike, Robert Mann (1973), Cross-Cultural Research Methods, John Wiley&Sons Pub, New York.
• Brosschot, Jos F.- Pieper, Suzanne-Thayer, Julian F. (2005), “Expanding Stres Theory: Prolonged Activation and Perseverative Cognition”, Psychoneuroendocrinology, Cilt.30, Sayı.10, (1043–1049).
• Burke, Ronald J.-Weir, Tamara (1978), “Sex Differences in Adolescent Life Stress, Social Support, and Well-Being”, The Journal of Psychology, Cilt.98, Sayı.2, (277-288).
• Chun, Chi-Ah-Moos, Rudolf H.-Cronkite, Ruth C. (2006), “Culture: A Fundamental Context for the Stress and Coping Paradigm”, (Ed) Paul T. P. Wong ve Lilian C. J. Wong, Handbook of Multicultural Perspectives on Stress and Coping, Springer US, (29-53). 11.
• Connor-Smith, Jennifer K.-Calvete, Esther (2004), “Cross-Cultural Equivalence of Coping and Involuntary Responses to Stress in Spain and the United States”, Stress & Coping, Cilt.17, Sayı.2, (163-185). 12.
• DeLongis, Anita-Holtzman, Susan (2005), “Coping in Context: The Role of Stress, Social Support, and Personality in Coping”, Journal of Personality, Cilt.73, Sayı.6, (1633-56).
• Edwards, Jeffrey-Baglioni, A. J.-Cooper, Cary L. (1990), “Stress, Type-A, Coping, and Psychological and Physical Symptoms: A Multi-Sample Test of Alternative Models”, Human Relations, Cilt.43, Sayı.10, (919-956).
• Eren, Erol (2004), Örgütsel Davranış ve Yönetim Psikolojisi (8. Baskı), Beta Basım Yayım, İstanbul. 15.
• Everson, Rose Suzan A.-Lewis, Tene T. (2005), “Psychosocial Factors and Cardiovascular Diseases”, Annu. Rev. Public Health, Cilt.26, (469-500).
• Flere, Sergej-Lavric Miran (2008), “On the Validity of Cross-Cultural Social Studies Using Student Samples”, Field Methods, Cilt.20, Sayı.4, (399-412). 17.
• Friedman, Meyer-Rosenman, Ray H. (1974), Type A Behaviour and Your Heart, Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
• Fry P. S.-Grover, Sonja C. (1981), “Cognitive Appraisals of Life Stress and Depression in The Elderly: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Of Asians And Caucasians”, International Journal of Psychology, Cilt.17, Sayı.4, (437-455).
• Hofstede Geert (1981), “Culture and Organizations”, Int. Studies of Man. & Org., Vol.X, (4), M. E. Sharpe, Inc., (15-41). 20.
• Humphrey, James H. (2003), Stress Education for College Students, Novinka Books, New York. Jones, Fiona-Bright, Jim (2001), Stress Myth, Theory and Research, Pearson Education Limited, London.
• Kausar, Rukhsana (2010), “Perceived Stress, Academic Workloads and Use of Coping Strategies by University Students”, Journal of Behavioural Sciences, Cilt.20, (31-45).
• Kuo, Ben C. H. (2010), “Culture’s Consequences on Coping: Theories, Evidences, and Dimensionalities”, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Cilt.XX, Sayı.X, (1–17).
• Lazarus, Richard S. (1993), “From Psychological Stress to the Emotions: A History of Changing Outlooks”, Annual Review of Psychology, Cilt.44, (1-21).
• Lazarus, Richard S. (2006), “Emotions and Interpersonal Relationships: Toward a Person- Centered Conceptualization of Emotions and Coping”, Journal of Personality, Cilt.74, Sayı.1, (9-46).
• Lazarus, Richard S. ve Folkman, Susan (1984), Stress, Appraisal and Coping, Springer, New York.
• Lelord, Francois-Andre, Christophe (1996), Zor Kişiliklerle Yaşamak. Çev: Rıfat Madenci,