Farklı dozlarda uygulanan ethephon’un makarnalık buğday’ın (Triticum durum L.) bitki boyu, yatıklık değeri ve tane verimi üzerine etkisi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 53 - 58, 04.04.2017

Arzu Ağırmatlıoğlu Mutlu Abdullah Öktem

Öz

Bu çalışma, 2008-2009 ve
2009-2010 yetiştirme sezonlarında Harran Ovası ilave sulanan koşullarda
yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışma ile farklı dozlardaki ethephon uygulamalarının
makarnalık buğday çeşitleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Araştırmada Aydın-93 ve Alibaba buğday çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma
bölünmüş parseller deneme deseninde 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede
9 ethephon dozu (0, 240 g ha^-1, 360 g ha^-1, 480 g ha^-1,
600 g ha^-1, 720 g ha^-1, 840 g ha^-1,
960 g ha^-1, 1080 g ha^-1) uygulanmıştır. İki
yılın birleşik analiz sonuçlarına göre; ethephon uygulamalarıyla birlikte
buğday çeşitlerinde bitki boyu kısalmış, yatma azalmış, tane verimi ise
artmıştır. Kontrol uygulamasında Aydın-93 çeşidinde tane verimi 417.5 kg da^-1
iken, 960 g ha^-1 ethephon uygulamasında 620.0 kg da^-1a
yükselmiştir. Alibaba buğday çeşidinde ise tane verimi kontrol uygulamasında
309.9 kg da^-1 iken 720 g ha^-1 ethephon
uygulamasında 537.8 kg da^-1a yükselmiştir. Aydın-93 çeşidinde
960 g ha^-1 ethephon uygulamasının, Alibaba çeşidinde ise
720 g ha^-1 ethephon uygulamasının en uygun uygulamalar olduğu
belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buğday, Ethephon, Bitki boyu, Yatma, Tane verimi

Effect of different ethephon doses to plant height, lodging and grain yield of durum wheat (Triticum durum L.)

Öz

This study was carried out under supplementary irrigated conditions in the Harran Plain conditions in 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 growing seasons. The study was aimed to determine the effects of various ethephon doses on durum wheat varieties. Aydın-93 and Alibaba wheat cultivars were used as a crop material. Experimental design was split plots with 4 replicates. Nine ethephon dosages (0, 240 g ha^-1, 360 g ha^-1, 480 g ha^-1, 600 g ha^-1, 720 g ha^-1, 840 g ha^-1, 960 g ha^-1, 1080 g ha^-1) were applied in the study. According to the results of the two-year combined analysis, plant height and lodging decreased but grain yield increased with increasing dosages of ethephon. The grain yield in Aydın-93 was 620 kg da^-1 at 960 g ha^-1 application of ethephon while that of control application was 417.5 kg da^-1. The grain yield in Alibaba durum wheat cultivar was 537.8 kg da^-1 at 720 g ha^-1 application of ethephon while that of control application was 309.92 kg da^-1. The highest grain yield was found at 960 g ha^-1 ethephon application in Aydın-93 variety whereas at 720 g ha^-1 ethephon application in Alibaba variety. Ethephon dosage of 960 g ha^-1 for Aydın-93 and 720 g ha^-1 ethephon dosage for Alibaba were determined as economical doses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wheat, Ethephon, Plant height, Lodging, Grain yield

Kaynakça

• Akkaya A, Birinci G (1992) Erzurum koşullarında Tokak 157/37 çeşidinin Cycocel ve azot uygulamalarına Tepkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 23(2): 42-56.
• Anonim (2008) Meteoroloji genel müdürlüğü 2008 yılı Şanlıurfa ili iklim verileri.
• Anonim (2009) Meteoroloji genel müdürlüğü 2009 yılı Şanlıurfa ili iklim verileri.
• Anonim (2010) Meteoroloji genel müdürlüğü 2010 yılı Şanlıurfa ili iklim verileri.
• Auškalniene O, Auškalnis A (2008) Plant growth regulators in winter wheat under Lithuanian conditions. Seria Agronomie 51(1): 220-225.
• Balkan A (2006) Bazı ekmeklik buğday (Triticum aestivum) çeşitlerinde farklı sıra arası ve tohum miktarının belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekirdağ.
• Bridger GM, Klınck HR, Smiıth DL (1995) Timing and rate of ethephon application to two-row and six row spring barley. Agronomy Journal 87(6): 1198-1206.
• Dziamba S (1986) The effect of flordimex on yields of triticale, rye and wheat as related to the level of mineral fertilization. Acta Agraria et Silvestria 25: 141-156.
• Güler M (2000) Bazı iki sıralı arpa ve ekmeklik buğday çeşitlerinde azot ve CCC dozlarının tane verimine etkileri. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 11(1): 63-68.
• Haskins B, Mcmullen G (2007) Crop canopy management through nitrogen and plant growth regulators. IREC Farmers' Newsletter Australia 175: 10-13.
• Havazvidi EK (1992) The effect of growth regulators on lodging, development and grain yield of tall spring wheats in Zimbabwe. Seventh Regional Wheat Workshop for Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. CIMMYT, p. 369-375.
• Karakuş C, Köker R (2007) Tarımda bitki gelişim düzenleyicilerin (BGD) kullanımı ve hormon riski. Üniversite Öğrencileri 2. Çevre Sorunları Kongresi, İstanbul s. 163-175.
• Lloveras J, Gomez-Ibarlucea C, Carreiras W, Bueno J, Casal L (1990) The effect of growth regula wheat from galicia. Investigacion Agraria Produccion Vegetales 5: 89-101.
• Lundsgaard J (1984) Terpal a new growth regulator for straw shortening in cereals. 1. Danske Planta Konference. Ukrudt, Denmark, pp. 153-166.
• Nafziger ED, Wax LM, Brown CM (1986) Response of five winter wheat cultivars to growth regulators and increased nitrojen. Crop Science 26: 767-770.
• Otto S, Schilling G (1986) Possibilities for applying stem stabilizers in winter wheat seed production. Wissenschaftliche Beitrage, Martin-Luther Universitat Halle Wittenberg 76: 781-791.
• Pavlista AD, Hergert GW, Baltensperger DD, Knox S (2010) Remove from marked records reducing height and lodging of winter wheat. Crop Management doi:10.1094/CM-2010-0806-01-RS.
• Rademacher W (2009) Control of lodging in intense European cereal production. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Plant Growth Regulation Society of America, Asheville, North Carolina, USA, pp. 61-69.
• Rajala A, Peltonen-Sainio P (2001) plant growth regulator effects on spring cereal root and shoot growth. Agronomy Journal 93: 936-943.
• Ramburan S, Greenfield PL (2007a). Use of ethephon and chlormequat chloride to manage plant height and lodging of ırrigated barley (cv. Puma) when high rates of N-fertiliser are applied. South African Journal of Plant and Soil 24(4): 181-187.
• Ramburan S, Greenfield PL (2007b) The effects of chlormequat chloride and ethephon on agronomic and quality characteristics of South African and irrigated wheat. South African Journal of Plant and Soil 24(2): 106-113.
• Rawlins SL (1976) Measurement of water content and the state of water in soils. In: Koslowski TT (Ed.), water deficits and plant growth. Academic Pres, NY, 4: 1-55.
• Stobbe EH, Moes J, Bahry RW, Visser R, Iverson A (1992) Environment, cultivar and ethephon rate interactions in barley. Argon J. 84: 789-794.
• Sutulova VI, Egorov IV (1991) Cultivar specificity in response of spring wheat to treatment with growth regulator. Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly, Biologicheskie Nauki 2: 119-126.
• Szirtes V, Szirtes J, Varga S, Balassa J (1986) Hormone centered theory and practice of the application of foliar fertilizers in winter wheat and other cereals. Field Crop Abstract 41(12): 1076.
• Tokés G, Bagyinka T (1996) Sensitivity to ethephon-CCC growth regulators of cereal crops grown in Hungary. I. Winter wheat. / Magyarországon termesztett kalászos gabonafajták érzékenysége az etefon-CCC alapú regulátoros beavatkozásra. I. Oszi búza. Növényvédelem 32 (2): 57-65.
• Tripathi SC, Sayre KD, Kaul JN, Narang RS (2004) Lodging behavior and yield potential of spring wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.): Effects of ethephon and genotypes. Field Crops Research 87(2): 207-220.
• Webster JR, Jackson LF (1993) Management practices to reduce lodging and maximize grain yield and protein content of fall sown irrigated hard red spring wheat. Field Crops Research 33(3): 249-259.
• Wiersma DW, Oplinger ES, Guy SO (1986) Environment and cultivar effects on winter wheat response to ethephon plant growth regulator. Agronomy Journal 78: 761-764.
• Wiersma JJ, Dai J, Durgan BR (2011) Optimum timing and rate of trinexapac-ethyl to reduce lodging in spring wheat. Agronomy Journal 103(3): 864-870.