Rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelere kabaran alev geciktirici ilavesinin yanma direnci ve zararlı emisyon oluşumuna etkilerinin incelenmesi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 8, 984 - 989, 28.12.2017

Bilal Aydoğan , Nazım Usta

Öz

Bu
çalışmada, amonyum polifosfat/pentaeritritolden (2/1) oluşan kabaran alev
geciktiricinin %5, 10 ve 15 oranlarında rijit poliüretan köpük malzemelere
ilave edilmesinin yanma direnci ve zararlı emisyon oluşumuna etkileri konik
kalorimetre testleri ile incelemeye alınmıştır. Köpük malzeme içerisinde kabaran
alev geciktirici miktarının artmasına bağlı olarak yanma direncinde artış
tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, yine alev geciktirici miktarı artışına bağlı olarak
malzemenin yanma sırasında oluşturduğu ve insanların boğulması ve
zehirlenmesine sebep olan is, karbon monoksit ve azot monoksit emisyonlarının
da farklı oranlarda azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Rijit poliüretan köpüğe %15
oranında kabaran alev geciktirici ilavesinin, toplam ısı yayılım miktarının
yaklaşık olarak %40 oranında azalmasına ve maksimum azot monoksit emisyonu da 9
ppm’in altına düşmesine sebep olmuştur. Bu kapsamda, bu çalışmada sentezlenen
kabaran alev geciktiricinin, rijit poliüretan köpük malzemeler için yanma
direncinin ve zararlı emisyonların iyileştirilmesini sağlamasından dolayı
etkili bir alev geciktirici olarak tercih edilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Poliüretan, Yanma, Alev geciktirici, Emisyon

Investigation into the effects of intumescent flame retardant addition on flame resistance and harmful emissions of rigid polyurethane foams

Öz

In
this study, an intumescent flame retardant composed of ammonium
polyphosphate/pentaerythritol (2/1) was incorporated in rigid polyurethane
foams in 5, 10 and 15 wt. %. Effects of the intumescent flame retardant
additions on the flame resistance and harmful emissions of the foams were
investigated by using cone calorimeter tests. It was determined that the flame
resistance of the foam was significantly increased with the addition of the intumescent
flame retardant. Furthermore, smoke, carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide
emissions causing suffocation and poisoning were decreased in different ratios
with the addition of the intumescent flame retardant. The addition of 15 wt. % the
intumescent flame retardant into rigid polyurethane foam resulted in
approximately 40 % decrease in the total heat released value and reduced the
nitrogen monoxide emission to less than 9 ppm. In this content, it was
concluded that the intumescent flame retardant synthesized in this study can be
preferred as an effective flame retardant material for rigid polyurethane foams
due to ensuring better enhancement of flame resistance and harmful emissions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Polyurethane, Combustion, Flame retardant, Emission

Kaynakça

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