Araştırma Makalesi
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Değirmendere’nin CBS Tabanlı Deprem Risk ve Erişebilirlik Analizi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 31 - 45, 31.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.364276

Öz



Bu çalışmada, Değirmendere beldesinde, Coğrafi Bilgi
Sistemleri (CBS) temelli, depreme yönelik afet yönetimi zarar azaltma amacıyla
bir sistem geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen sistem için öncelikle bölgede
yapılmış olan çalışmalar, 17 Ağustos 1999 depreminde bölgede oluşan zararlar ve
sebepleri incelenmiş ve bölgede depremde yapıları etkileyen yerbilimleri
verilerine dayanarak risk oranları ve yerbilimleri verilerinin alt
kategorilerinin etki oranlarına göre alt risk oranları belirlenmiştir. Bölgenin
depreme yönelik tehlike analizinin yapmakta kullanılan bu verilerin CBS ortamında
değerlendirilebilmesi için Analitik Hiyerarşik Süreç (AHS) yöntemi ile
ağırlıklandırılması yapılmıştır. Analiz birimi olarak ‘alan’ ı esas alan diğer
CBS çalışmalardan farklı olarak, tüm veriler, yapı birimlerinin öznitelik
değeri olarak CBS ortamına aktarılmıştır. Bölgede yaşayan nüfus ile ilgili
demografik bilgiler Nüfus Vatandaşlık Genel Müdürlüğü’nden elde edilmiş ve yine
yapılara ait veri olarak CBS ortamına aktarılmıştır.


Sonrasında da CBS ortamında tehlike analizleri
yapılarak bölgedeki riskli yapılar ve risk oranları belirlenmiştir. Diğer afet
yönetimi çalışmalarından farklı olarak, riskli yapılarda yaşayan nüfus verileri
de değerlendirilmiş ve bunlara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.




Kaynakça

  • Aksaraylı, M. (2005). Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi Tabanlı Acil Afet Yönetim Sistemi İzmir İli Uygulaması. PhD, Dokuz Eylül.
  • Armenakis, C. and N. Nirupama (2012). "Prioritization of disaster risk in a community using GIS." Natural Hazards 66(1): 15-29.
  • Barka, A., H. S. Akyuz, E. Altunel, G. Sunal, Z. Cakir, A. Dikbas, B. Yerli, R. Armijo, B. Meyer, J. B. de Chabalier, T. Rockwell, J. R. Dolan, R. Hartleb, T. Dawson, S. Christofferson, A. Tucker, T. Fumal, R. Langridge, H. Stenner, W. Lettis, J. Bachhuber and W. Page (2002). "The surface rupture and slip distribution of the 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian fault." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 92(1): 43-60.
  • Basaran-Uysal, A., F. Sezen, S. Ozden and O. Karaca (2014). "Classification of residential areas according to physical vulnerability to natural hazards: a case study of Canakkale, Turkey." Disasters 38(1): 202-226.
  • Bjarnadottir, S., Y. Li and M. G. Stewart (2011). "Social vulnerability index for coastal communities at risk to hurricane hazard and a changing climate." Natural Hazards 59(2): 1055-1075.
  • Cannon, T. (1994). Vulnerability analysis and the explanation of 'natural' disasters. Disasters, Development and Environments. A. Varley. London, John Wiley and Sons Ltd: 13-30.
  • Carreño, M.-L., O. D. Cardona and A. H. Barbat (2006). "Urban Seismic Risk Evaluation: A Holistic Approach." Natural Hazards 40(1): 137-172.
  • Curtin, K. M. (2007). "Network Analysis in Geographic Information Science: Review, Assessment, and Projections." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 34(2): 103-111.
  • Cutter, S. L., B. J. Boruff and W. L. Shirley (2003). "Social vulnerability to environmental hazards." Social Science Quarterly 84(2): 242-261.
  • Davidson, R. (1997). "A Multidisciplinary Urban Earthquake Disaster Risk Index." Earthquake Spectra 13(2): 211-223.
  • Díez, E. and B. S. McIntosh (2009). "A review of the factors which influence the use and usefulness of information systems." Environmental Modelling & Software 24(5): 588-602.
  • Erdik, M., M. Demircioglu, K. Sesetyan, E. Durukal and B. Siyahi (2004). "Earthquake hazard in Marmara Region, Turkey." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 24(8): 605-631.
  • FathiZahraei, M., G. Marthandan, M. Raman and A. Asadi (2014). "Reducing risks in crisis management by GIS adoption." Natural Hazards 76(1): 83-98. Girgin, S. (2011). "The natech events during the 17 August 1999 Kocaeli earthquake: aftermath and lessons learned." Natural Hazards and Earth System Science 11(4): 1129-1140.
  • Godschalk, D. R. (2003). "Urban Hazard Mitigation: Creating Resilient Cities." Natural Hazards Review 4(3): 136-143.
  • Gülhan, G., H. Ceylan and Y. Oral (2013). Ulaşım Talebinin Belirlenmesinde Erişebilirlik ve Arazi Kullanım Modellerinden Yararlanılması. 10. Ulaştırma Kongresi. İzmir, Türkiye: 47-55.
  • Güven, İ. T. (2016). Degirmendere’nin Yer Bilimleri ve Yapı Özelliklerine Göre CBS Tabanlı Deprem Risk Analizi. PhD, Kocaeli.
  • Kapucu, N., T. Arslan and F. Demiroz (2010). "Collaborative emergency management and national emergency management network." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 19(4): 452-468.
  • Karimzadeh, S., M. Miyajima, R. Hassanzadeh, R. Amiraslanzadeh and B. Kamel (2014). "A GIS-based seismic hazard, building vulnerability and human loss assessment for the earthquake scenario in Tabriz." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 66: 263-280.
  • Kaygısız, Ö. (2006). "Erişilebilirlik ve trafik." Planlama 2006/1: 86-91.
  • Liu, X.-p., J.-q. Zhang, Z.-j. Tong and Y. Bao (2012). "GIS-based multi-dimensional risk assessment of the grassland fire in northern China." Natural Hazards 64(1): 381-395.
  • London, T. f. (2010). Measuring Public Transport Accessibility Levels.
  • Lorentz, J. F., M. L. Calijuri, E. G. Marques and A. C. Baptista (2016). "Multicriteria analysis applied to landslide susceptibility mapping." Natural Hazards 83(1): 41-52.
  • Moradi, M., M. R. Delavar and B. Moshiri (2014). "A GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making approach for seismic vulnerability assessment using quantifier-guided OWA operator: a case study of Tehran, Iran." Annals of GIS 21(3): 209-222.
  • Myers, J. H. and M. I. Alpert (1968). "Determinant Buying Attitudes - Meaning and Measurement." Journal of Marketing 32(4): 13-20.
  • Oosterom, P., S. Zlatanova, E. Fendel and G. Iglesias (2005). "The Adoption of Geo-information and Geographic Information Systems for Natural Disaster Risk Management by Local Authorities." 1009-1019.
  • Özalaybey, S., E. Zor, S. Ergintav and M. C. Tapırdamaz (2011). "Investigation of 3-D basin structures in the İzmit Bay area (Turkey) by single-station microtremor and gravimetric methods." Geophysical Journal International 186(2): 883-894.
  • Palchaudhuri, M. and S. Biswas (2016). "Application of AHP with GIS in drought risk assessment for Puruliya district, India." Natural Hazards 84(3): 1905-1920.
  • Rattan, A., A. Campese and C. Eden (2012). "MODELING WALKABILITY Automating analysis so it is easily repeated."
  • Saaty, T. L. (1977). "Scaling Method for Priorities in Hierarchical Structures." Journal of Mathematical Psychology 15(3): 234-281.
  • Sengezer, B. and E. Koc (2005). "A critical analysis of earthquakes and urban planning in Turkey." Disasters 29(2): 171-194.
  • Solway, L. (2004). "Reducing the effect of natural hazards on urban areas." Natural Disasters and Sustainable Development: 303-338.
  • Timor, M. (2011). Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi. İstanbul, Türkmen Kitapevi.
  • Yaralıoğlu, K. (2004). Uygulamada Karar Destek Yöntemleri. İzmir, İlkem Ofset.

The GIS-Based Earthquake Risk and Accessibility Analysis of Değirmendere

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 31 - 45, 31.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.364276

Öz



A system is
developed within Geographical Information Systems (GIS) with the aim of hazard mitigation
of earthquakes in Değirmendere for disaster management. Initially, former
studies conducted in the region have been examined; the damages during the
earthquake on August 17, 1999 and their reasons have been investigated.
Regarding the earth sciences data that affect buildings during an earthquake
ratios of risk and in relation to degree of affect of sub-categories of these
data to buildings during an earthquake have been identified. In order to be
able to evaluate the risk analysis of the region for earthquakes within GIS,
the weighting of these data have been realized with the method of Analytic
Hierarchy Process (AHP). In contrast to other GIS studies which take regions as
basic mapping unit, all data have been transferred into GIS medium as a attribute
value for building entities.



Demographic
information on the residents of the region have been obtained from the General
Directorate of Civil Registration and Nationality, and transferred into GIS
medium as another value for each building. Afterwards, risk and network
analyses have been conducted in GIS Medium, and the buildings under risk and
their ratios have been determined. As a contrast to other studies of disaster
management, demographic data of the population living in buildings under risk have
also been evaluated and suggestions have been made for these cases.

Kaynakça

  • Aksaraylı, M. (2005). Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi Tabanlı Acil Afet Yönetim Sistemi İzmir İli Uygulaması. PhD, Dokuz Eylül.
  • Armenakis, C. and N. Nirupama (2012). "Prioritization of disaster risk in a community using GIS." Natural Hazards 66(1): 15-29.
  • Barka, A., H. S. Akyuz, E. Altunel, G. Sunal, Z. Cakir, A. Dikbas, B. Yerli, R. Armijo, B. Meyer, J. B. de Chabalier, T. Rockwell, J. R. Dolan, R. Hartleb, T. Dawson, S. Christofferson, A. Tucker, T. Fumal, R. Langridge, H. Stenner, W. Lettis, J. Bachhuber and W. Page (2002). "The surface rupture and slip distribution of the 17 August 1999 Izmit earthquake (M 7.4), North Anatolian fault." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 92(1): 43-60.
  • Basaran-Uysal, A., F. Sezen, S. Ozden and O. Karaca (2014). "Classification of residential areas according to physical vulnerability to natural hazards: a case study of Canakkale, Turkey." Disasters 38(1): 202-226.
  • Bjarnadottir, S., Y. Li and M. G. Stewart (2011). "Social vulnerability index for coastal communities at risk to hurricane hazard and a changing climate." Natural Hazards 59(2): 1055-1075.
  • Cannon, T. (1994). Vulnerability analysis and the explanation of 'natural' disasters. Disasters, Development and Environments. A. Varley. London, John Wiley and Sons Ltd: 13-30.
  • Carreño, M.-L., O. D. Cardona and A. H. Barbat (2006). "Urban Seismic Risk Evaluation: A Holistic Approach." Natural Hazards 40(1): 137-172.
  • Curtin, K. M. (2007). "Network Analysis in Geographic Information Science: Review, Assessment, and Projections." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 34(2): 103-111.
  • Cutter, S. L., B. J. Boruff and W. L. Shirley (2003). "Social vulnerability to environmental hazards." Social Science Quarterly 84(2): 242-261.
  • Davidson, R. (1997). "A Multidisciplinary Urban Earthquake Disaster Risk Index." Earthquake Spectra 13(2): 211-223.
  • Díez, E. and B. S. McIntosh (2009). "A review of the factors which influence the use and usefulness of information systems." Environmental Modelling & Software 24(5): 588-602.
  • Erdik, M., M. Demircioglu, K. Sesetyan, E. Durukal and B. Siyahi (2004). "Earthquake hazard in Marmara Region, Turkey." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 24(8): 605-631.
  • FathiZahraei, M., G. Marthandan, M. Raman and A. Asadi (2014). "Reducing risks in crisis management by GIS adoption." Natural Hazards 76(1): 83-98. Girgin, S. (2011). "The natech events during the 17 August 1999 Kocaeli earthquake: aftermath and lessons learned." Natural Hazards and Earth System Science 11(4): 1129-1140.
  • Godschalk, D. R. (2003). "Urban Hazard Mitigation: Creating Resilient Cities." Natural Hazards Review 4(3): 136-143.
  • Gülhan, G., H. Ceylan and Y. Oral (2013). Ulaşım Talebinin Belirlenmesinde Erişebilirlik ve Arazi Kullanım Modellerinden Yararlanılması. 10. Ulaştırma Kongresi. İzmir, Türkiye: 47-55.
  • Güven, İ. T. (2016). Degirmendere’nin Yer Bilimleri ve Yapı Özelliklerine Göre CBS Tabanlı Deprem Risk Analizi. PhD, Kocaeli.
  • Kapucu, N., T. Arslan and F. Demiroz (2010). "Collaborative emergency management and national emergency management network." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 19(4): 452-468.
  • Karimzadeh, S., M. Miyajima, R. Hassanzadeh, R. Amiraslanzadeh and B. Kamel (2014). "A GIS-based seismic hazard, building vulnerability and human loss assessment for the earthquake scenario in Tabriz." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 66: 263-280.
  • Kaygısız, Ö. (2006). "Erişilebilirlik ve trafik." Planlama 2006/1: 86-91.
  • Liu, X.-p., J.-q. Zhang, Z.-j. Tong and Y. Bao (2012). "GIS-based multi-dimensional risk assessment of the grassland fire in northern China." Natural Hazards 64(1): 381-395.
  • London, T. f. (2010). Measuring Public Transport Accessibility Levels.
  • Lorentz, J. F., M. L. Calijuri, E. G. Marques and A. C. Baptista (2016). "Multicriteria analysis applied to landslide susceptibility mapping." Natural Hazards 83(1): 41-52.
  • Moradi, M., M. R. Delavar and B. Moshiri (2014). "A GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making approach for seismic vulnerability assessment using quantifier-guided OWA operator: a case study of Tehran, Iran." Annals of GIS 21(3): 209-222.
  • Myers, J. H. and M. I. Alpert (1968). "Determinant Buying Attitudes - Meaning and Measurement." Journal of Marketing 32(4): 13-20.
  • Oosterom, P., S. Zlatanova, E. Fendel and G. Iglesias (2005). "The Adoption of Geo-information and Geographic Information Systems for Natural Disaster Risk Management by Local Authorities." 1009-1019.
  • Özalaybey, S., E. Zor, S. Ergintav and M. C. Tapırdamaz (2011). "Investigation of 3-D basin structures in the İzmit Bay area (Turkey) by single-station microtremor and gravimetric methods." Geophysical Journal International 186(2): 883-894.
  • Palchaudhuri, M. and S. Biswas (2016). "Application of AHP with GIS in drought risk assessment for Puruliya district, India." Natural Hazards 84(3): 1905-1920.
  • Rattan, A., A. Campese and C. Eden (2012). "MODELING WALKABILITY Automating analysis so it is easily repeated."
  • Saaty, T. L. (1977). "Scaling Method for Priorities in Hierarchical Structures." Journal of Mathematical Psychology 15(3): 234-281.
  • Sengezer, B. and E. Koc (2005). "A critical analysis of earthquakes and urban planning in Turkey." Disasters 29(2): 171-194.
  • Solway, L. (2004). "Reducing the effect of natural hazards on urban areas." Natural Disasters and Sustainable Development: 303-338.
  • Timor, M. (2011). Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi. İstanbul, Türkmen Kitapevi.
  • Yaralıoğlu, K. (2004). Uygulamada Karar Destek Yöntemleri. İzmir, İlkem Ofset.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İsmail Talih Güven

Deniz Gerçek

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2017
Kabul Tarihi 15 Aralık 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Güven, İ. T., & Gerçek, D. (2017). Değirmendere’nin CBS Tabanlı Deprem Risk ve Erişebilirlik Analizi. Resilience, 1(1), 31-45. https://doi.org/10.32569/resilience.364276