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Career Locus and Career Adaptabilities: A Self-Determination Perspective for Turkish University Students' Case

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 215 - 234, 11.05.2018
https://doi.org/10.32331/sgd.422946

Öz


Using self-determination theory (SDT), this study aimed to examine the impact of awareness and choice on career-related outlooks and emotional-social associates in career domain among university students. Awareness (being more aware of feelings and sense of self), and choice (feeling a sense of choice with respect to behaviors) were expected to positively predict stress management and general positive mood throughout the career development process of students; and, this impact was expected to be via higher career adaptabilities and lower external career locus of control. With a sample of 595 students from Ankara University and relevant measures of constructs, a model testing was conducted. Path analysis revealed that: 1) choice positively predicted general positive mood through career adaptabilities, as expected; 2) awareness positively predicted stress management, and general positive mood directly (as expected) but indirectly through external career locus unexpectedly. Being the first paper examining the emotional social-intelligence indicators along with career-related outlooks within SDT-based career research, these results are not contrary to SDT. Rather, these associations well-displays the labor market characteristics of Turkey and cultural background of differences in autonomous behaviors; emphasizing the practical and social implications of awareness and choice varying with locus of control and adaptabilities.


Kaynakça

  • Acar, F. T. (2001). The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence Skills and Leadership Behaviors (Employee-Centered and Job-Centered): A Survey Research on Bank Managers. (PhD Unpublished Doctoral Thesis). Istanbul University. İstanbul.
  • Anglim, J. (2009). Calculating scale scores for psychological tests. A Blog Entry Describing a Simple Protocol for Calculating Scores From a Likert Style Questionnaire.
  • Bar-On, R. (1997a). Baron Emotional Quotient Inventory–Technical Manual: Toronto: Multi-Health System.
  • Bar-On, R. (1997b). Development of The Baron EQ-I: A Measure of Emotional and Social Intelligence. Paper Presented at the 105th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association in Chicago.
  • Bar-On, R. (2006). The Bar-On Model of Emotional-Social Intelligence (ESI). Psicothema, 18 (Suplemento). 13-25.
  • Bar-On, R., Brown, J., Kirkcaldy, B. D., & Thome, E. (2000). Emotional Expression and Implications for Occupational Stress; An Application of The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I). Personality and Individual Difference. 28(6). 1107-1118.
  • Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models.Psychological Bulleti., 107(2). 238.
  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance Tests and Goodness of Fit in the Analysis of Covariance Structures. Psychological Bulleti. 88(3). 588.
  • Blustein, D. L. (1997). A Context-Rich Perspective of Career Exploration Across the Life Roles. The Career Development Quarterl. 45(3). 260-274.
  • Blustein, D. L. (2013). The Psychology of Working: A New Perspective for Career Developmen.Counseling and Public Policy: Routledge.
  • Blustein, D. L., & Flum, H. (1999). A Self-Determination Perspective of Interests and Exploration in Career Development. In M. Savickas & A. Spokane (Eds.), Vocational Interests: Meaning, Measurement and Counseling Use (pp. 345–368). Palo Alto, CA Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Buyukgoze-Kavas, A. (2014). Validation of The Career Adapt-Abilities Scale- Turkish form and its Relation to Hope and Optimism. Australian Journal of Career Development, 23(3). 125-132. doi:10.1177 /1038416214531931
  • Byrne, B. (2006). Structural Equation Modelling with EQS. Basic Concepts, Application and Programming.
  • Chen, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Beyers, W., Boone, L., Deci, E. L., Van der Kaap- Deeder, J., Mouratidis, A. (2015). Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction, Need Frustration and Need Strength Across Four Cultures. Motivation and Emotion. 39(2). 216-236.
  • Dawda, D., & Hart, S. D. (2000). Assessing Emotional Intelligence: Reliability and Validity of The Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I) in University Students. Personality and Individual Differences. 28(4). 797-812.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquir. 11(4). 227-268.
  • Derksen, J., Kramer, I., & Katzko, M. (2002). Does a Self-Report Measure for Emotional Intelligence Assess Something Different Than General Intelligence? Personality and Individual Difference. 32(1). 37- 48.
  • Duffy, R. D. (2010). Sense of Control and Career Adaptability Among Undergraduate Students. Journal of Career Assessment. 18(4). 420-430.
  • Ersoy Kart, M., & Erdost, H. E. (2008). Unemployment Worries Among Turkish University Students. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal. 36(2). 275-288.
  • Flum, H., & Blustein, D. L. (2000). Reinvigorating The Study of Vocational Exploration: A Framework for Research. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 56(3). 380-404.
  • Hemmati, T., Mills, J. F., & Kroner, D. G. (2004). The Validity of the Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Quotient in an Offender Population. Personality and Individual Differences. 37(4). 695-706.
  • Kanten, S. (2012). Career Adaptabilities Scale: A Study of Validity and Reliability. Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences. 2(16). 191- 205.
  • Karabulut, A. (2012). Duygusal Zeka: Baron Ölçeği Uyarlaması. DEÜ Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Kart, M. E., & Güldü, Ö. (2008). Self- Determination Scale: The Adaptation Study. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences. 41(2). 187-207.
  • Kerner, E. A. (2012). The Motivate to Explore Career intervention: Design and Investigation of a Career Counselling Group for Disengaged Adolescent Males. (PhD Unpublished Doctoral Thesis), McGill University, Canada.
  • Lewin, K. (1946). Behavior and Development as a Function of The Total Situation. in L. Carmichael (Ed.). Manual of Child Psychology .791–844. Hoboken. NJ: Wiley.
  • Millar, R., & Shevlin, M. (2007). The Development and Factor Structure of a Career Locus of Control Scale for Use with School Pupils. Journal of Career Development. 33(3). 224-249.
  • Palmer, B. R., Manocha, R., Gignac, G., & Stough, C. (2003). Examining the Factor Structure of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory with an Australian General Population Sample. Personality and Individual Difference. 35(5). 1191- 1210.
  • Perera, H. N., & McIlveen, P. (2014). The Role of Optimism and Engagement Coping in College Adaptation: A career construction model. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 84(3). 395-404.
  • Perera, H. N., & McIlveen, P. (2017). Profiles of Career Adaptivity and Their Relations with Adaptability, Adapting, and Adaptation. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 98. 70-84.
  • Perry, J. C., Liu, X., & Griffin, G. C. (2011). The Career Locus of Control Scale for Adolescents: Further Evidence of Validity in The United States. Journal of Career Development. 38(2). 167-185.
  • Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized Expectancies for Internal Versus External Control of Reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied. 80(1). 1.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000a). The Darker and Brighter Sides of Human Existence: Basic Psychological Needs As a Unifying Concept. Psychological Inquir. 11(4). 319-338.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000b). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology. 25(1). 54-67.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000c). Self- Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being. American Psychologis. 55(1). 68.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self- Determination Theory. New York. NY: Guilford Press.
  • Ryan, R. M., Di Domenico, S. I., Ryan, W. S., & Deci, E. L. (in press). Pervasive Influences on Wellness and Thriving: Cultural, Political, and Economic Contexts and the Support of Basic Psychological Needs (Vol. Vol. 6, International Advances in Self Research). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Press.
  • Savci, I., & Ersoy-Kart, M. (2011). Reliability and Validity of the Career Locus of Control Scale–Turkish Form. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal. 39(4). 519-528.
  • Savickas, M. L. (1997). Career adaptability: An Integrative Construct for Life-Span, Life-Space Theory. The Career Development Guarterly. 45(3). 247-259.
  • Savickas, M. L. (2005). The Theory and Practice of Career Construction. In S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.). Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research to Work. (Vol. 1, pp. 42-70).
  • Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J.-P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., Van Vianen, A. E. (2009). Life Designing: A Paradigm for Career Construction in the 21st Century. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 75(3). 239-250.
  • Savickas, M. L., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Construction, Reliability and Measurement Equivalence Across 13 Countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 80(3). 661-673. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb. 2012.01.011
  • Sheldon, K. M. (1995). Creativity and Self-Determination in Personality. Creativity Research Journal. 8(1). 25-36.
  • Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., & Reis, H. T. (1996). What Makes for a Good Day? Competence and Autonomy in the Day and in The Person. Personality and Social Psychology Bulleti. 22(12). 1270-1279.
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Van Petegem, S. (2015). Let Us Not Throw Out The Baby with the Bathwater: Applying The Principle of Universalism Without Uniformity to Autonomy-Supportive and Controlling Parenting. Child Development Perspectives. 9(1). 44 49.
  • Tabachnick, B., & Fidell, L. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
  • Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. 29. 271- 360.
  • Weinstein, N., Ryan, W. S., DeHaan, C. R., Przybylski, A. K., Legate, N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Parental Autonomy Support and Discrepancies Between Implicit and Explicit Sexual Identities: Dynamics of Self-Acceptance and Defense. Journal of Personality and Social Psycholog. 102(4). 815.

Kariyer Odağı ve Kariyer Uyum Yetenekleri: Öz-Yönetim Kuramı Perspektifinden Türk Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Durumu

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 215 - 234, 11.05.2018
https://doi.org/10.32331/sgd.422946

Öz


Öz-yönetim kuramınının temel alındığı bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin bireysel farkındalıklarının ve seçim hissinin kendi kariyerlerine ilişkin seyirlerini ve sosyoduygusal eşlikçilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Buna göre, farkındalık (duygularının ve kendilik hissinin farkına varma durumu) ve seçimin (kendi davranışlarına ilişkin seçim hakkı olduğunu hissetme durumu), kariyer gelişimi sürecindeki öğrencilerin stres yönetimine ve genel pozitif duygu durumlarına olumlu etkisi olacağı; bu etkinin de yüksek kariyer uyum yetenekleri ve düşük dışsal kariyer odağı aracılığıyla olacağı beklenmektedir. Ankara Üniveristesi'nden 595 üniversite öğrencisinin katıldığı bu çalışmada, ilgili ölçeklerle bir model testi edilmiştir. Yol analizi sonuçlarına göre: 1) Seçim, beklendiği gibi, genel pozitif duygu durumunu kariyer uyum yetenekleri aracılığıyla yordamıştır; 2) Farkındalık, stres yönetimini ve genel pozitif duygu durumunu beklendiği gibi doğrudan ama dışsal kariyer denetim odağının (beklenenin aksine) olumlu aracılığıyla dolaylı olarak yordamıştır. Öz-yönetim temelli kariyer araştırmalarında duygusal-sosyal zeka göstergelerinin kariyere ilişkin seyirlerini ele alması açısından ilk olan bu çalışma, öz-yönetim kuramına karşı bir tablo çizmemektedir. Aksine, bu bağlantılar, Türkiye'deki iş gücü piyasasının özelliklerinin ve özerk davranışlardaki farklılıkların kültürel arka planının iyi bir yansıması olarak düşünülebilir; farkındalık ve seçimin denetim odağı ve uyum yetenekleriyle değişen pratik ve sosyal doğurgularının altını çizer.


Kaynakça

  • Acar, F. T. (2001). The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence Skills and Leadership Behaviors (Employee-Centered and Job-Centered): A Survey Research on Bank Managers. (PhD Unpublished Doctoral Thesis). Istanbul University. İstanbul.
  • Anglim, J. (2009). Calculating scale scores for psychological tests. A Blog Entry Describing a Simple Protocol for Calculating Scores From a Likert Style Questionnaire.
  • Bar-On, R. (1997a). Baron Emotional Quotient Inventory–Technical Manual: Toronto: Multi-Health System.
  • Bar-On, R. (1997b). Development of The Baron EQ-I: A Measure of Emotional and Social Intelligence. Paper Presented at the 105th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association in Chicago.
  • Bar-On, R. (2006). The Bar-On Model of Emotional-Social Intelligence (ESI). Psicothema, 18 (Suplemento). 13-25.
  • Bar-On, R., Brown, J., Kirkcaldy, B. D., & Thome, E. (2000). Emotional Expression and Implications for Occupational Stress; An Application of The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I). Personality and Individual Difference. 28(6). 1107-1118.
  • Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models.Psychological Bulleti., 107(2). 238.
  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance Tests and Goodness of Fit in the Analysis of Covariance Structures. Psychological Bulleti. 88(3). 588.
  • Blustein, D. L. (1997). A Context-Rich Perspective of Career Exploration Across the Life Roles. The Career Development Quarterl. 45(3). 260-274.
  • Blustein, D. L. (2013). The Psychology of Working: A New Perspective for Career Developmen.Counseling and Public Policy: Routledge.
  • Blustein, D. L., & Flum, H. (1999). A Self-Determination Perspective of Interests and Exploration in Career Development. In M. Savickas & A. Spokane (Eds.), Vocational Interests: Meaning, Measurement and Counseling Use (pp. 345–368). Palo Alto, CA Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Buyukgoze-Kavas, A. (2014). Validation of The Career Adapt-Abilities Scale- Turkish form and its Relation to Hope and Optimism. Australian Journal of Career Development, 23(3). 125-132. doi:10.1177 /1038416214531931
  • Byrne, B. (2006). Structural Equation Modelling with EQS. Basic Concepts, Application and Programming.
  • Chen, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Beyers, W., Boone, L., Deci, E. L., Van der Kaap- Deeder, J., Mouratidis, A. (2015). Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction, Need Frustration and Need Strength Across Four Cultures. Motivation and Emotion. 39(2). 216-236.
  • Dawda, D., & Hart, S. D. (2000). Assessing Emotional Intelligence: Reliability and Validity of The Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I) in University Students. Personality and Individual Differences. 28(4). 797-812.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquir. 11(4). 227-268.
  • Derksen, J., Kramer, I., & Katzko, M. (2002). Does a Self-Report Measure for Emotional Intelligence Assess Something Different Than General Intelligence? Personality and Individual Difference. 32(1). 37- 48.
  • Duffy, R. D. (2010). Sense of Control and Career Adaptability Among Undergraduate Students. Journal of Career Assessment. 18(4). 420-430.
  • Ersoy Kart, M., & Erdost, H. E. (2008). Unemployment Worries Among Turkish University Students. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal. 36(2). 275-288.
  • Flum, H., & Blustein, D. L. (2000). Reinvigorating The Study of Vocational Exploration: A Framework for Research. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 56(3). 380-404.
  • Hemmati, T., Mills, J. F., & Kroner, D. G. (2004). The Validity of the Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Quotient in an Offender Population. Personality and Individual Differences. 37(4). 695-706.
  • Kanten, S. (2012). Career Adaptabilities Scale: A Study of Validity and Reliability. Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences. 2(16). 191- 205.
  • Karabulut, A. (2012). Duygusal Zeka: Baron Ölçeği Uyarlaması. DEÜ Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
  • Kart, M. E., & Güldü, Ö. (2008). Self- Determination Scale: The Adaptation Study. Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences. 41(2). 187-207.
  • Kerner, E. A. (2012). The Motivate to Explore Career intervention: Design and Investigation of a Career Counselling Group for Disengaged Adolescent Males. (PhD Unpublished Doctoral Thesis), McGill University, Canada.
  • Lewin, K. (1946). Behavior and Development as a Function of The Total Situation. in L. Carmichael (Ed.). Manual of Child Psychology .791–844. Hoboken. NJ: Wiley.
  • Millar, R., & Shevlin, M. (2007). The Development and Factor Structure of a Career Locus of Control Scale for Use with School Pupils. Journal of Career Development. 33(3). 224-249.
  • Palmer, B. R., Manocha, R., Gignac, G., & Stough, C. (2003). Examining the Factor Structure of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory with an Australian General Population Sample. Personality and Individual Difference. 35(5). 1191- 1210.
  • Perera, H. N., & McIlveen, P. (2014). The Role of Optimism and Engagement Coping in College Adaptation: A career construction model. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 84(3). 395-404.
  • Perera, H. N., & McIlveen, P. (2017). Profiles of Career Adaptivity and Their Relations with Adaptability, Adapting, and Adaptation. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 98. 70-84.
  • Perry, J. C., Liu, X., & Griffin, G. C. (2011). The Career Locus of Control Scale for Adolescents: Further Evidence of Validity in The United States. Journal of Career Development. 38(2). 167-185.
  • Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized Expectancies for Internal Versus External Control of Reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied. 80(1). 1.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000a). The Darker and Brighter Sides of Human Existence: Basic Psychological Needs As a Unifying Concept. Psychological Inquir. 11(4). 319-338.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000b). Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology. 25(1). 54-67.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000c). Self- Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being. American Psychologis. 55(1). 68.
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self- Determination Theory. New York. NY: Guilford Press.
  • Ryan, R. M., Di Domenico, S. I., Ryan, W. S., & Deci, E. L. (in press). Pervasive Influences on Wellness and Thriving: Cultural, Political, and Economic Contexts and the Support of Basic Psychological Needs (Vol. Vol. 6, International Advances in Self Research). Charlotte, NC: Information Age Press.
  • Savci, I., & Ersoy-Kart, M. (2011). Reliability and Validity of the Career Locus of Control Scale–Turkish Form. Social Behavior and Personality: an International Journal. 39(4). 519-528.
  • Savickas, M. L. (1997). Career adaptability: An Integrative Construct for Life-Span, Life-Space Theory. The Career Development Guarterly. 45(3). 247-259.
  • Savickas, M. L. (2005). The Theory and Practice of Career Construction. In S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.). Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research to Work. (Vol. 1, pp. 42-70).
  • Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J.-P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., Van Vianen, A. E. (2009). Life Designing: A Paradigm for Career Construction in the 21st Century. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 75(3). 239-250.
  • Savickas, M. L., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Construction, Reliability and Measurement Equivalence Across 13 Countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 80(3). 661-673. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb. 2012.01.011
  • Sheldon, K. M. (1995). Creativity and Self-Determination in Personality. Creativity Research Journal. 8(1). 25-36.
  • Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., & Reis, H. T. (1996). What Makes for a Good Day? Competence and Autonomy in the Day and in The Person. Personality and Social Psychology Bulleti. 22(12). 1270-1279.
  • Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M., & Van Petegem, S. (2015). Let Us Not Throw Out The Baby with the Bathwater: Applying The Principle of Universalism Without Uniformity to Autonomy-Supportive and Controlling Parenting. Child Development Perspectives. 9(1). 44 49.
  • Tabachnick, B., & Fidell, L. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
  • Vallerand, R. J. (1997). Toward a Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. 29. 271- 360.
  • Weinstein, N., Ryan, W. S., DeHaan, C. R., Przybylski, A. K., Legate, N., & Ryan, R. M. (2012). Parental Autonomy Support and Discrepancies Between Implicit and Explicit Sexual Identities: Dynamics of Self-Acceptance and Defense. Journal of Personality and Social Psycholog. 102(4). 815.
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Özge Kantaş

Özgür Güldü

Müge Ersoy Kart Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 11 Mayıs 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kantaş, Ö., Güldü, Ö., & Ersoy Kart, M. (2018). Career Locus and Career Adaptabilities: A Self-Determination Perspective for Turkish University Students’ Case. Sosyal Güvenlik Dergisi, 8(1), 215-234. https://doi.org/10.32331/sgd.422946