The interplay between enforcement, tickets issued, and traffic safety in Turkey: Analyses of 2008-2012

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 193 - 205, 04.02.2016

Nebi Sümer Ömür Kaygısız

https://doi.org/10.20518/thsd.11797

Cited By: 2

Öz

Objective: Based on psychological deterrence and learning theory, traffic enforcement aims to secure full compliance to the traffic laws and regulations. This study aims to examine the effects of traffic enforcement, and tickets (fines) issued for violations, number of traffic crashes, injuries and fatalities in Turkey. Methods: Data included the records of enforcement, tickets, and various outcomes of traffic accidents from 81 Turkish Providences for the years between 2008 and 2012. First, the indicators of traffic safety consisting of the number of enforcement acts, tickets issued, accidents, injuries, and fatalities per 100.000 vehicles were calculated, and then the correlations between the major variables were examined. Results: Of the traffic safety indicators, the number of tickets issued for violations had stronger effects than the number of enforcements on traffic safety. Enforcements targeting driving under the influence of alcohol had the highest number of significant correlations with the indicators of traffic safety. Enforcement for the speed limits and seat belt were also effective in decreasing traffic fatalities and crashes. Overall, the magnitude of significant correlations was around -0,30, suggesting that enforcement and/or tickets reduce the accident risk by about 10% in Turkey. Conclusion: Both overall and year-by-year analyses demonstrated that the number of enforcements and tickets issued were significantly and negatively correlated with various indicators of road crashes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Traffic accidents, traffic safety, effectiveness of enforcement, violation tickets

Türkiye’de denetleme, cezalar ve trafik güvenliği göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkiler: 2008-2012 yılları analizi

Öz

Amaç: Trafik denetiminin amacı, psikolojik caydırma ve öğrenme kuramı ilkelerine dayalı olarak yollarda trafik kurallarına ve düzenlemelerine tam uyumu sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de trafik denetimlerinin ve cezaların trafik kazaları, yaralanmaları ve ölümleri ile ilişkisini incelenmektir. Yöntem: Çalışmada 2008-2012 dönemine ait 81 ilin trafik denetleme, ceza ve kaza verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 81 ilde söz konusu dönemde araç başına düşen denetleme, ceza, kaza, yaralı ve ölümlere ilişkin trafik güvenliği göstergeleri hesaplanmış ve ilgili değişkenler arasındaki korelasyonlar incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Kaza, yaralanma ve ölüm oranın azaltılmasında, ceza sayısının denetim sayısından daha etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Denetim türleri arasında en yüksek düzeyde negatif anlamlı ilişki alkol denetimleri ile kaza riskine ilişkin çeşitli değişkenler arasında bulunmuştur. Emniyet kemeri ve aşırı hız denetimleri de trafikteki ölüm, yaralanma ve kazaları azaltmada anlamlı etkiye sahiptir. Genel olarak denetim/ceza ile trafik kazaları, ölümleri ve yaralanmaları arasındaki korelasyonlar -0,30 civarındadır. Bu da denetleme ve/veya ceza sayısının Türkiye’de kazaları %10 düzeyinde azalttığına işaret etmektedir. Sonuç: Hem beş yıllık toplamda, hem de yıllar bazında, trafik denetimlerinin ve cezalarının başta ölü, yaralı ve kaza sayısı olmak üzere, farklı trafik güvenliği göstergeleriyle negatif yönde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trafik kazası, trafik güvenliği, trafik denetimi etkinliği, trafik cezası

Kaynakça

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